Q openPub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1093/qopen/qoac014
{"title":"Correction to: The role of contractors in the uptake of precision farming—A spatial economic analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/qopen/qoac014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/qopen/qoac014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87350,"journal":{"name":"Q open","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61067614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Q openPub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1093/qopen/qoac019
Tatjana Döbeling
{"title":"The access to CETA quotas: Extending CGE models with a market for quota licenses","authors":"Tatjana Döbeling","doi":"10.1093/qopen/qoac019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/qopen/qoac019","url":null,"abstract":"We analyze the market dynamics that are caused by tariff-rate quotas, particularly the effects of quota license allocation between heterogeneous commodities at the tariff line level. The allocation is endogenously modeled with a mixed complementarity problem approach for the case of the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement between Canada and the European Union. The model results are compared both with alternative models that resemble pre-existing approaches and with the real trade figures that have been collected since the trade agreement's implementation. Our analysis shows a bias toward more expensive commodities if the shadow value of a quota license manifests in a secondary license market. The same quota can thereby be binding to some commodities but not so for others. This feature of quotas can be crucial for policymakers who are concerned about price effects or who want to understand the effects of lumping together commodities of different quality in one quota.","PeriodicalId":87350,"journal":{"name":"Q open","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61067220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Q openPub Date : 2021-09-27DOI: 10.1093/qopen/qoab018
A. Muhammad, Amanda M. Countryman
{"title":"Safeguard measures and fresh produce trade: The case of U.S. blueberry imports","authors":"A. Muhammad, Amanda M. Countryman","doi":"10.1093/qopen/qoab018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/qopen/qoab018","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Safeguard measures are used to limit excessive import growth and protect domestic producers from unfair import competition. The global safeguard investigation for blueberries highlights these concerns and raises questions about the relationship between imports, prices, and the well-being of U.S. producers. Although the U.S. International Trade Commission (USITC) ruled that imports have not caused serious injury to U.S. blueberry producers, it was important to further examine this issue. In this study, we employ an inverse demand model and dynamic Vector Autoregressive (VAR) procedure linking source-specific fresh blueberry imports from countries like Mexico and Chile to U.S. blueberry prices. Our results mostly support the USITC ruling. Results indicate that declines in U.S. prices are small when compared to the level of import growth. Impulse response functions indicate that import price shocks are not long lasting.","PeriodicalId":87350,"journal":{"name":"Q open","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47319772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Q openPub Date : 2021-09-13DOI: 10.1093/qopen/qoab017
B. Groom, Francisco Lucas de Lima Fontes
{"title":"Revisiting the link between cereal diversity and production in Ethiopia","authors":"B. Groom, Francisco Lucas de Lima Fontes","doi":"10.1093/qopen/qoab017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/qopen/qoab017","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Studies show that cereal diversity positively affects mean yields, suggesting increased crop diversity as a means of increasing production (Di Falco and Chavas 2009, Baumg¨artner and Quaas 2010). In practice though, agricultural development has relied on non- diverse systems. Using the Ethiopian Rural Household Survey panel we revisit this para- dox and disentangle the effects of agro-ecological zones and composition of crop diversity. We find a positive effect of greater cereal diversity on cereal production, but mostly in specific agro-ecological zones and for households who diversify away from a particular low- productivity crop: teff. These results indicate that the scope of cereal diversity to drive increases in output may be limited. Similar to recent studies of biodiversity—ecosystem function relationships (e.g. Jochum et al., 2020), the results suggest that the composition of diverse systems can be more important than the measured diversity itself. In the case of cereal crops in Ethiopia, differences in the yields of particular cereals in the crop mix explain the diversity effect, rather than diversity alone. Since some combinations of crops add to productivity but others do not, productivity related crop choice may not guarantee in situ conservation of crop-diversity on its own. Alternative conservation solutions may well be needed for that.","PeriodicalId":87350,"journal":{"name":"Q open","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46148619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Q openPub Date : 2021-08-24DOI: 10.1093/qopen/qoab016
A. Spiegel, W. Britz, R. Finger
{"title":"Risk, Risk Aversion, and Agricultural Technology Adoption ─ A Novel Valuation Method Based on Real Options and Inverse Stochastic Dominance","authors":"A. Spiegel, W. Britz, R. Finger","doi":"10.1093/qopen/qoab016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/qopen/qoab016","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Risk and risk preferences belong to the key determinants of investment-based technology adoption in agriculture. We develop and apply a novel approach in which an inverse second order stochastic dominance approach is integrated into a stochastic dynamic farm-level model to quantify the effect of both risk and risk aversion on the timing and scale of agricultural technology adoption. Our illustrative example on short rotation coppice adoption shows that risk aversion leads to technology adoption that takes place earlier, but to a smaller extent. In contrast, higher levels of risk exposure lead to postponed but overall larger adoption. These effects would be obscured if technology adoption is not analyzed in a farm-scale context or considered as a now-or-never decision, the still dominant approach in the literature.","PeriodicalId":87350,"journal":{"name":"Q open","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46976104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}