Hounkponou Fnm, Ahouingnan Ay, O. Kiki, Kikala Fgmy, S. Gbevo, H. Laourou, M. Aboubakar, O. Aaa, Sidi Ri, M. Vodouhè, T. Ja, K. Salifou, S. Akpona
{"title":"Impact of Sexuality on Full Term Expectant Mothers Labor Induction in Parakou","authors":"Hounkponou Fnm, Ahouingnan Ay, O. Kiki, Kikala Fgmy, S. Gbevo, H. Laourou, M. Aboubakar, O. Aaa, Sidi Ri, M. Vodouhè, T. Ja, K. Salifou, S. Akpona","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000361","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The expectant mother’s natural body changes will lead the couple to redefine their emotional and sexual life throughout pregnancy.Objective: Study the influence of sexuality on full term expectant mothers’ labor induction in Parakou.Methods: It was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study conducted from 15th April to 15th August 2017 in Parakou public maternity wards. Prospective data collection was carried out, along with a comprehensive census of full term expectant mothers with no fetal anomaly incompatible with life and able to deliver vaginally.Outcomes: Globally, 141 expectant mothers were enrolled in the study, including 47 practicing sexual abstinence (group A) and 94 sexually active (group B). The frequency of weekly sexual activities ranged from 1 to 7 with 2.4 ± 1.5 as mean value. According to group B expectant mothers practicing intra-vaginal ejaculation, sexual intercourse would facilitate delivery (80.00%, p=0.0006). Group B expectant mothers (87, 92.55%) engaged in sexual fondling, including 82 (94.25%) who practiced nipple stimulation. 23 (28.75%) regularly reached orgasm. Nipple stimulation and orgasm influenced significantly spontaneous labor with p=0.0001 and 0.0006 respectively. Among Group A expectant mothers, there were 9 or 19.15% prolonged pregnancy against 0% for Group B, 15 or 31.91% spontaneous delivery against 05.32% for Group B and 9 or 19.15% cesarean section against 4.25% for group B. There is a statistically significant link between sexuality and the mode of delivery (p=0.0001).Conclusion: Nipple stimulation and orgasm during full term pregnancy facilitate spontaneous labor in childbirth process.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2376-127X.1000361","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45576904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Birhanu Jikamo Bago, D. T. Hibstu, Samuel Hailu Woldemariam
{"title":"Prevalence of Pregnancy Termination and Its Associated Factors Among Women of Reproductive Age Group in Ethiopia Using 2011 Ethiopian Demography and Health Survey, 2016","authors":"Birhanu Jikamo Bago, D. T. Hibstu, Samuel Hailu Woldemariam","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000359","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Worldwide 20 million unsafe abortions took place each year as a result of unintended pregnancies, with 95% of these performed in developing countries. Ethiopia ranks fifth in the number of maternal deaths in the world and about two third of these deaths are due to unsafe abortions. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of pregnancy termination and associated factors among women of reproductive age group in Ethiopia using 2011 Ethiopian Demography and Health Survey. \u0000Methods: A secondary data was used to determine the prevalence of pregnancy termination and associated factors among women of reproductive age group in Ethiopia. Women in the age group of 15-49 years who had terminated pregnancy five years preceding the survey were included. The data were cleaned, coded and analyzed using Stata version 12. Multiple logistic regressions were used to identify factors associated with termination of pregnancy. Presence of confounders and interaction effects was investigated by computing relative changes on s coefficients at a cutoff point 15%. \u0000Results: The prevalence of termination of pregnancy was 9% among reproductive age group women in Ethiopia. Maternal media exposure (AOR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.43), age of women (AOR=3.05, 95% CI: 2.36, 4.05), contraceptive non-user (AOR=1.43, 95% CI: 1.22, 1.67) and occupational status of the husband (AOR=1.77, 95% CI: 1.29, 2.42) were positively associated factors with termination of pregnancy. \u0000Conclusion: Considerable proportion of women practiced termination of pregnancy. Maternal mass media exposure, contraceptive use, women occupation, marital status, age of women and husband occupation were the main factors for pregnancy termination. Emphasis needs to be given on access to family planning, mass media exposure, health education on consequences of early marriage and creating job opportunities.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2376-127X.1000359","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42087742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adherence and Associated Factors of Prenatal Iron Folic Acid Supplementationamong Pregnant Women Who Attend Ante Natal Care in Health Facility atMizan-Aman Town, Bench Maji Zone, Ethiopia, 2015","authors":"S. Shewasinad, S. Negash","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000335","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Globally, more than 25% of population is highly affected by anaemia. At least half of anaemia worldwide is because of Iron Folic Acid (IFA) deficiency, which is due primarily to a lack of dietary iron bioavailability or increased requirements such as pregnancy. IFA is also responsible for 95% of anaemia during pregnancy. Objective: To assess Adherence And Associated Factors Of Prenatal Iron Folic Acid Supplementation Among Pregnant Women Who Attend Ante Natal Care In Health Facility At Mizan-Aman Town, Bench Maji Zone, Ethiopia, 2015. Methods: A cross sectional facility based quantitative study complemented by in-depth interview of key informants was implemented. A total of 462 pregnant women from Ante natal clinics were studied from May 29, 2015-June 23, 2015. Results: Among 462 pregnant women, the adherence level of IFA supplement was 326 (70.6%). The most reasons for adherence were clinician counselling, 280 (95.6%), believe that adherence increase their blood volume 56 (19%) and fear of illness 53 (18%). Conclusion and recommendation: Adherence rate to iron-folic acid supplementation were medium. Comprehensive counselling should focus on the importance of adherence to iron folic acid supplements and duration of supplement utilization.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45887434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Caffeine on Pregnancy-Fact or Myth?","authors":"M. Woldu","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000333","url":null,"abstract":"Caffeine crosses the placenta and causes a number of complications. This study aims to review the effect of caffeine during pregnancy. Because of ion trapping weak bases that are non-ionized and lipophilic like caffeine diffuse across the placental barrier and become ionized in the more acidic fetal blood. A number of studies have reported the effect of caffeine on pregnancy. Some of the effects are diminishing fetal skeleton growth; risk of low birth weight (LBW); retardation of fetal development and/or intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR); adverse offspring childhood body fat distribution; increased risk of obesity; risk of type two diabetes mellitus; and Increased risk abortion. Even though a number of effects of caffeine are reported to be associated with pregnancy there are only a limited data showing causal association. Hence, avoiding the consumption of coffee, chocolate and tea during pregnancy appears prudent until more reliable evidences are emerging.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2376-127X.1000333","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43194606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ngo Thi-Thuy-Dung, Nguyen Ha-Duc, Truong Quang-Dinh, Nguyen The-Dung, P. Goyens, A. Robert
{"title":"Late Entry into Antenatal Care in a Southern Rural Area of Vietnam and Related Factors","authors":"Ngo Thi-Thuy-Dung, Nguyen Ha-Duc, Truong Quang-Dinh, Nguyen The-Dung, P. Goyens, A. Robert","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000334","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study were to assess the proportion of pregnant women who attended ANC late in pregnancy and to identify factors associated with late entry in communities in South Vietnam. Background: Antenatal care (ANC) in Vietnam remains a problem suboptimal in Vietnam and there is limited information of on late entry into ANC. A study conducted in 2008 in the North of Vietnam showed 2.8% of late entry into ANC in 2.8% of women in an urban area, against versus 30.9% of women in a rural area. The aims of the present study were to assess the proportion of pregnant women attending ANC late in their pregnancy and to identify factors associated with late entry in ANC in rural communities of South Vietnam in 2014. Methods: This community-based study enrolled 1,448 pregnant women who were identified by 72 village health workers in 17 communities. First initiation to ANC after first trimester of pregnancy was considered as a late entry. Related factors were selected and analysed based on the Andersen Health Seeking Behaviour model. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent factors associated with late ANC. Results: The prevalence of late ANC attendance was 8.2%. Having a poverty certificate (26.9%), having a history of abortion (19.4%), living in an ethnic minority community (17.2%) and being a teenager (15.5%) were the factors associated with late entry into ANC for pregnant women. Conclusion: The proportion of pregnant women entering late into ANC in rural Southern Vietnam remains higher than in urban areas (8.2% vs. 2.8%). Health education on the importance of attending ANC early should focus on poor people, on women who have an abortion history, on ethnic minorities, and on teenagers to promote significant early entry into antenatal care, thus improving maternal and child health.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2376-127X.1000334","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44201425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Salifou, O. Aaa, Sambo Te, Aguemon Act, H. Bib, I. Amankaye, Sidi Ir, M. Vodouhè, Hounkponou ahouignan Nmf, Denakpo Jl
{"title":"The Efficiency of Auto Transfusion by Intraoperative Blood Salvage in Ruptured Ectopic Pregnancies with the Tanguieta Funnel","authors":"K. Salifou, O. Aaa, Sambo Te, Aguemon Act, H. Bib, I. Amankaye, Sidi Ir, M. Vodouhè, Hounkponou ahouignan Nmf, Denakpo Jl","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000345","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The Tanguieta funnel is a device used for intraoperative blood salvage in the abdomen in order to perform an auto transfusion in the context of ruptured ectopic pregnancies (EP) management. Developed in Saint Jean de Dieu Hospital in Tanguieta, it is the subject of this study whose objective is to describe the efficiency of this method in three pilot hospitals in Benin. Materials and method: It is a retrospective, descriptive and multicenter study which was carried out over a period of 5 years and it took place in three hospitals among which two teaching hospitals and a faith-based one. Results: Out of 38,252 deliveries, 567 cases of EP were identified that is to say 1.48%. Among these EPs, 337 cases were ruptured (59.4%) and among the ruptured EPs, 205 (60.8%) underwent an intraoperative auto transfusion. The rate of intraoperative blood salvage was 25% on average for the three centers. This rate was more than 75% for 28% of patients. Auto transfusion by intraoperative blood salvage was completed by homologous blood transfusion in 5.4% of cases. On admission, 45.9% of patients had a rate less than 7 g/dl as against 5.4% after auto transfusion. Hemoglobin was 6.7 g/dl on average on admission. The average hemoglobin at the 12th, 48th and 72nd post-operative hour was respectively 7.2 g/dl, 8.3 g/dl and 8.5 g/dl. In the post-operative period, 100 cases (48.8%) of anemia, one (1) case of fever, one (1) case of acute pulmonary Edema, one (1) case of state of shock were identified. Two (2) cases of death that is to say 0.97% of patients were mentioned in our study. The average length of hospital stay was five (5) days. Conclusion: The results are reassuring with the use of this autotransfusion technique after blood salvage by filtration and without lavage.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47701808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perinatal Mortality and Umbilical Cord Parameters: Is there Any Association?","authors":"Vijaya Soliriya, M. Goyal, Cp Kachhawaha","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000340","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Abnormal cord parameters associate with high rate of asphyxia during delivery, foetal anomalies, non-reassuring foetal status, respiratory distress, foetal growth restriction and delivery interventions. Objective: To study the correlation between umbilical cord parameters and perinatal mortality. Materials and methods: This was a prospective study carried out in the Umaid Hospital, Dr. S N Medical College, Jodhpur from March-2014 to November-2014. It included 500 cases admitted to labour room with period of gestation >37 weeks. Details of delivery of baby including mode of delivery, Apgar score, NICU admission and any congenital anomaly found in unbooked cases post-natally was noted down. Umbilical cord parameters were also noted and correlated with perinatal outcome using Fischer’s exact test and Chi square test. Results: Out of 500 cases, the cord length was normal in 88.2% cases while it was short in 6.2% and long in 5.6% cases. True knots were associated with a higher mean cord length of 95.83 ± 24.99 cm. The difference of mean cord length between single loop and more than two loops was highly significant (p value<0.001). Cesarean section rate was found to be significantly different between one loop and more than two loops (p<0.001). Conclusion: The excessively long cords are associated with cord prolapse, true knot and poor fetal outcome and increased operative interference. Short cords are associated with failed progress, cord rupture and congenital malformations. Nuchal cords are responsible for threatening fetal well being along with other placental as well as intrapartum factors for poor fetal outcome.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":"2017 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48457909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cavaliere Anna Franca, Buongiorno Silvia, Vidiri Annalisa, G. Lorenzo, Rosa Paolo, S. Giovanni
{"title":"Arteriovenous Uterine Malformation: A Complicated Case in Pregnancy","authors":"Cavaliere Anna Franca, Buongiorno Silvia, Vidiri Annalisa, G. Lorenzo, Rosa Paolo, S. Giovanni","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000338","url":null,"abstract":"Arteriovenous uterine malformation (UAVM) is a rare congenital or acquired condition. This case report regards a pregnant patient of 37-year-old, gravida 2 para 0, suffering from AVM diagnosed 4 years before without any further embolization treatment; at 8 weeks of gestation, 2D-3D US examination confirmed severe AVM and detected a twin pregnancy: an embryo with normal cardiac activity in one sac and a blighted ovum. At 12 weeks of gestation, we also diagnosed additional fetal anomalies.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":"2017 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41995007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of Urinary Uric Acid and Creatinine Ratio as a Marker of PerinatalAsphyxia and Its Correlation with Different Stages of Hypoxic IschemicEncephalopathy","authors":"Lokesh Choudhary, Subhash Palsania, Pk Berwal, Chhavi Sauparna, Ankita Maheshwari","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000336","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Birth asphyxia is one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality in India. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is the neurological manifestation of systemic hypoxia in new-born. 20-25% of asphyxiated babies who exhibit severe HIE, die during the new-born period. The most commonly used diagnostic and prognostic index to evaluate asphyxia in neonates is APGAR score but alone it is not useful to ferret out neurological outcome. Now-a-days uses of biomarkers enable the clinicians to screen infants for brain injury. We conducted this study to evaluate the role of UUA (urinary uric acid)/Cr (creatinine), which is an early biomarker, in diagnosing and predicting the outcome in perinatal asphyxia. Aim: To determine the values of UUA/Cr in new-borns with perinatal asphyxia and its relation with different stages of HIE. Methods: Spot urine samples were collected from the 100 asphyxiated and 100 healthy neonates within 6-24 h of life for determining uric acid and creatinine by auto analyses. Results: The value of UUA/Cr were statistically significantly higher in the asphyxiated (case) compared with the control group. UUA/Cr ratios were significantly higher in infants with severe HIE (3.61 ± 0.61) when compared with infants with Powered by Editorial Manager® and ProduXion Manager® from Aries Systems Corporation moderate HIE (2.95 ± 0.98: P<0.01) and those with mild HIE (2.64 ± 0.25: P<0.001). Conclusion: UUA/Cr concentration increase considerably after birth asphyxia and is non-invasive, sensitive, early and cost effective method for assessment of asphyxia and its outcome.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2376-127X.1000336","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47420353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lidetu Bezabih Tefera, M. Abera, Chaltu Fikru, D. Tesfaye
{"title":"Utilization of Immediate Post-Partum Intra Uterine Contraceptive Device andAssociated Factors: A Facility based Cross Sectional Study among MothersDelivered at Public Health Facilities of Sidama Zone, South Ethiopia","authors":"Lidetu Bezabih Tefera, M. Abera, Chaltu Fikru, D. Tesfaye","doi":"10.4172/2376-127X.1000326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-127X.1000326","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Insertion of an Intra Uterine device (IUD) immediately after delivery have a proven record of very high effectiveness, protection against unintended pregnancy, cost effectiveness, suitability and high user satisfaction. Despite these benefits, information on Post-Partum Intra Uterine device (PPIUD) acceptance and utilization was limited in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess postpartum intra uterine contraceptive device utilization and its associated factors among mothers delivered in selected facilities found in South Ethiopia. Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted in two health facilities providing PPIUD insertion service (Yirgalem hospital and Bursa health center). Data were collected using structured questionnaire among 310 selected women. Frequency tables and graphs were used to describe the study variables. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis methods were used to identify factors associated with postpartum intrauterine device use. Variables with P-value of <0.05 with 95% CI were used to declare statistical significance. Results: Postpartum intra uterine contraceptive device use within 48 h of delivery was 21.6% while 38% of the respondents were interested in using PPIUD. Only 22.8% of participant mothers were counselled during ANC, labor and postpartum period. Mother who do not have a plan to have another child [AOR=2.36, 95% CI, (1.25, 4.47)], undecided plan to have another child [AOR=0.17, 95% CI, (0.05, 0.58)], mothers who did not heard [AOR=0.41, 95% CI: 0.41 (0.20, 0.83)] and not counselled about PPIUD [AOR=0.17, 95% CI: 0.17 (0.06, 0.52)] were associated with PPIUD utilization. Conclusion: Despite more than one-third of participants were accepted PPIUD, the actual utilization was low. Most mothers were not counselled during the important contact points through the whole cascade of pregnancy. Program managers need to develop strategies to raise pregnant mother awareness on PPIUCD through media sources. This study also highlights, the need to improve and integrate standard PPIUD counselling scheme during FANC, labor and postpartum period.","PeriodicalId":87313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pregnancy and child health","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2376-127X.1000326","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43500771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}