Behavioral and Brain Functions最新文献

{"title":"Exposure to violence is associated with decreased neural connectivity in emotion regulation and cognitive control, but not working memory, networks after accounting for socioeconomic status: a preliminary study.","authors":"Samantha R Mattheiss,&nbsp;Hillary Levinson,&nbsp;Miriam Rosenberg-Lee,&nbsp;William W Graves","doi":"10.1186/s12993-022-00201-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12993-022-00201-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous research has demonstrated behavioral and neural differences associated with experiencing adversity. However, adversity is unlikely to be a monolithic construct, and we expect that examining effects of more specific components such as exposure to violence in the home community will yield more concretely interpretable results. Here we account for effects of low socioeconomic status (SES) to examine the specific effects of exposure to violence on functional connectivity between brain areas known to be related to emotion regulation and working memory. Decreased resting state functional connectivity for individuals exposed to high compared to low levels of violence during childhood was predicted for two sets of areas: (1) bilateral amygdala with anterior medial regions involved in cognitive control of emotion, and (2) the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) with frontal and parietal regions implicated in working memory. Consistent with our predictions, increasing exposure to violence was related to decreased resting state functional connectivity between the right amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex, even after accounting for SES. Also after accounting for SES, exposure to violence was related to reductions in connectivity between the right dlPFC and frontal regions, but not with parietal regions typically associated with working memory. Overall, this pattern suggests increased exposure to violence in childhood is associated with reduced connectivity among key areas of the circuitry involved in emotion regulation and cognitive control, but not working memory. These results offer insight into the neural underpinnings of behavioral outcomes associated with exposure to violence, laying the foundation for ultimately designing interventions to address the effects of such exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":"18 1","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9743673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10417029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children's inhibition skills are associated with their P3a latency-results from an exploratory study.","authors":"Tanja Linnavalli,&nbsp;Outi Lahti,&nbsp;Minna Törmänen,&nbsp;Mari Tervaniemi,&nbsp;Benjamin Ultan Cowley","doi":"10.1186/s12993-022-00202-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12993-022-00202-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The P3a response is thought to reflect involuntary orienting to an unexpected stimulus and has been connected with set-shifting and inhibition in some studies. In our exploratory study, we investigated if the amplitude and the latency of the P3a response were associated with the performance in a modified flanker task measuring inhibition and set-shifting in 10-year-old children (N = 42). Children participated in electroencephalography (EEG) measurement with an auditory multifeature paradigm including standard, deviating, and novel sounds. In addition, they performed a separate flanker task requiring inhibition and set-shifting skills.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The P3a latencies for deviant sounds were associated with the reaction time reflecting inhibition: the shorter the response latencies were, the faster the reaction time was. The P3a latencies for novel sounds were not linked to the reaction times reflecting either inhibition or set-shifting. In addition, the magnitude of the P3a response was not associated with the performance in the flanker task.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest that P3a response latency and reaction speed reflecting inhibitory skills are based on shared neural mechanism. Thus, the present study brings new insight to the field investigating the associations between behavior and its neural indices.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":"18 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9714064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10389183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A family-based study of genetic and epigenetic effects across multiple neurocognitive, motor, social-cognitive and social-behavioral functions.","authors":"Ron Nudel,&nbsp;Richard Zetterberg,&nbsp;Nicoline Hemager,&nbsp;Camilla A J Christiani,&nbsp;Jessica Ohland,&nbsp;Birgitte K Burton,&nbsp;Aja N Greve,&nbsp;Katrine S Spang,&nbsp;Ditte Ellersgaard,&nbsp;Ditte L Gantriis,&nbsp;Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm,&nbsp;Kerstin J Plessen,&nbsp;Jens Richardt M Jepsen,&nbsp;Anne A E Thorup,&nbsp;Thomas Werge,&nbsp;Ole Mors,&nbsp;Merete Nordentoft","doi":"10.1186/s12993-022-00198-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12993-022-00198-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders are known to be heritable, but studies trying to elucidate the genetic architecture of such traits often lag behind studies of somatic traits and diseases. The reasons as to why relatively few genome-wide significant associations have been reported for such traits have to do with the sample sizes needed for the detection of small effects, the difficulty in defining and characterizing the phenotypes, partially due to overlaps in affected underlying domains (which is especially true for cognitive phenotypes), and the complex genetic architectures of the phenotypes, which are not wholly captured in traditional case-control GWAS designs. We aimed to tackle the last two issues by performing GWASs of eight quantitative neurocognitive, motor, social-cognitive and social-behavioral traits, which may be considered endophenotypes for a variety of psychiatric and neurodevelopmental conditions, and for which we employed models capturing both general genetic association and parent-of-origin effects, in a family-based sample comprising 402 children and their parents (mostly family trios). We identified 48 genome-wide significant associations across several traits, of which 3 also survived our strict study-wide quality criteria. We additionally performed a functional annotation of implicated genes, as most of the 48 associations were with variants within protein-coding genes. In total, our study highlighted associations with five genes (TGM3, CACNB4, ANKS1B, CSMD1 and SYNE1) associated with measures of working memory, processing speed and social behavior. Our results thus identify novel associations, including previously unreported parent-of-origin associations with relevant genes, and our top results illustrate new potential gene → endophenotype → disorder pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":"18 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9714039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10389187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Area Prostriata may play a role in technical reasoning.","authors":"Giovanni Federico,&nbsp;Carlo Cavaliere,&nbsp;Emanuelle Reynaud,&nbsp;Marco Salvatore,&nbsp;Maria Antonella Brandimonte,&nbsp;François Osiurak","doi":"10.1186/s12993-022-00200-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12993-022-00200-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most recent research indicated how technical reasoning (TR), namely, a specific form of causal reasoning aimed at understanding the physical world, may support the development of tools and technologies of increasing complexity. We have recently identified the Area PF of the left inferior parietal lobe (PF) as a critical structural correlate of TR, as assessed by using two ad-hoc psycho-technical tests evaluating the two main aspects of TR, i.e., physical world's understanding and visuospatial imagery. Here, we extended our findings by implementing new ad-hoc analyses of our previous data by using a whole-brain approach. Results showed that the cortical thickness (CT) of the left Area Prostriata of the visual cortex, alongside the left Area PF CT, predicts TR performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":"18 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9700981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10332560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Connecting DCX, COMT and FMR1 in social behavior and cognitive impairment","authors":"A. Delprato, E. Xiao, Devika Manoj","doi":"10.1186/s12993-022-00191-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12993-022-00191-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65734908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The shifting role of the cerebellum in executive, emotional and social processing across the lifespan","authors":"P. Beuriat, Irene Cristofori, B. Gordon, J. Grafman","doi":"10.1186/s12993-022-00193-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12993-022-00193-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65734917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediterranean natural extracts improved cognitive behavior in zebrafish and healthy rats and ameliorated lps-induced cognitive impairment in a sex dependent manner","authors":"M. Pusceddu, Julia Hernandez-Baixauli, F. Puiggròs, L. Arola, A. Caimari, J. D. del Bas, Laura Baselga","doi":"10.1186/s12993-022-00190-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12993-022-00190-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65734894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NLRP1 inflammasome involves in learning and memory impairments and neuronal damages during aging process in mice.","authors":"Dan Sun,&nbsp;Guofang Gao,&nbsp;Bihua Zhong,&nbsp;Han Zhang,&nbsp;Shixin Ding,&nbsp;Zhenghao Sun,&nbsp;Yaodong Zhang,&nbsp;Weizu Li","doi":"10.1186/s12993-021-00185-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12993-021-00185-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Brain aging is an important risk factor in many human diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The production of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (NOX2) and the maturation of inflammatory cytokines caused by activation of the NOD-like receptor protein 1 (NLRP1) inflammasome play central roles in promoting brain aging. However, it is still unclear when and how the neuroinflammation appears in the brain during aging process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we observed the alterations of learning and memory impairments, neuronal damage, NLRP1 inflammasome activation, ROS production and NOX2 expression in the young 6-month-old (6 M) mice, presenile 16 M mice, and older 20 M and 24 M mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that, compared to 6 M mice, the locomotor activity, learning and memory abilities were slightly decreased in 16 M mice, and were significantly decreased in 20 M and 24 M mice, especially in the 24 M mice. The pathological results also showed that there were no significant neuronal damages in 6 M and 16 M mice, while there were obvious neuronal damages in 20 M and 24 M mice, especially in the 24 M group. Consistent with the behavioral and histological changes in the older mice, the activity of β-galactosidase (β-gal), the levels of ROS and IL-1β, and the expressions of NLRP1, ASC, caspase-1, NOX2, p47phox and p22phox were significantly increased in the cortex and hippocampus in the older 20 M and 24 M mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggested that NLRP1 inflammasome activation may be closely involved in aging-related neuronal damage and may be an important target for preventing brain aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":"17 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8680336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39735447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-specific effects of neonatal progestin receptor antagonism on juvenile social play behavior in rats.","authors":"R M Forbes-Lorman","doi":"10.1186/s12993-021-00183-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12993-021-00183-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developing mammals are exposed to progesterone through several sources; however, the role of progesterone in early development is not well understood. Males express more progestin receptors (PRs) than females within several brain regions during early postnatal life, suggesting that PRs may be important for the organization of the sex differences in the brain and behavior. Indeed, previous studies showed cognitive impairments in male rats treated neonatally with a PR antagonist. In the present study, we examined the role of PRs in organizing juvenile behaviors. Social play behavior and social discrimination were examined in juvenile male and female rats that had been treated with CDB, a PR antagonist, during the first week of postnatal life. Interestingly, neonatal PR antagonism altered different juvenile behaviors in males and females. A transient disruption in PR signaling during development had no effect on social discrimination but increased play initiation and pins in females. These data suggest that PRs play an important role in the organization of sex differences in some social behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":"17 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8571883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39593759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in spatial learning and memory and hippocampal long-term potentiation at perforant pathway-dentate gyrus (PP-DG) synapses in Wistar rats.","authors":"Samaneh Safari,&nbsp;Nesa Ahmadi,&nbsp;Reihaneh Mohammadkhani,&nbsp;Reza Ghahremani,&nbsp;Maryam Khajvand-Abedeni,&nbsp;Siamak Shahidi,&nbsp;Alireza Komaki,&nbsp;Iraj Salehi,&nbsp;Seyed Asaad Karimi","doi":"10.1186/s12993-021-00184-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12993-021-00184-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent studies show that gender may have a significant impact on brain functions. However, the reports of sex effects on spatial ability and synaptic plasticity in rodents are divergent and controversial. Here spatial learning and memory was measured in male and female rats by using Morris water maze (MWM) task. Moreover, to assess sex difference in hippocampal synaptic plasticity we examined hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) at perforant pathway-dentate gyrus (PP-DG) synapses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In MWM task, male rats outperformed female rats, as they had significantly shorter swim distance and escape latency to find the hidden platform during training days. During spatial reference memory test, female rats spent less time and traveled less distance in the target zone. Male rats also had larger LTP at PP-DG synapses, which was evident in the high magnitude of population spike (PS) potentiation and the field excitatory post synaptic potentials (fEPSP) slope.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Taken together, our results suggest that sex differences in the LTP at PP-DG synapses, possibly contribute to the observed sex difference in spatial learning and memory.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":"17 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8559395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39848705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}