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Vegetation, Air Pollution, and Asthma and Allergy: A Narrative Review 植被，空气污染，哮喘和过敏:叙述性回顾
Barcelona respiratory network reviews Pub Date : 2021-06-22 DOI: 10.23866/brnrev:2020-0003
I. Markevych
{"title":"Vegetation, Air Pollution, and Asthma and Allergy: A Narrative Review","authors":"I. Markevych","doi":"10.23866/brnrev:2020-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23866/brnrev:2020-0003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87223,"journal":{"name":"Barcelona respiratory network reviews","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42048128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lung Function Trajectories: a New Framework to Understand Adult Chronic Respiratory Diseases 肺功能轨迹：理解成人慢性呼吸系统疾病的新框架
Barcelona respiratory network reviews Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.23866/brnrev:2020-0006
A. Agustí, R. Faner
{"title":"Lung Function Trajectories: a New Framework to Understand Adult Chronic Respiratory Diseases","authors":"A. Agustí, R. Faner","doi":"10.23866/brnrev:2020-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23866/brnrev:2020-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Lungs grow and mature in utero and after birth until early adulthood. Normally, lung function reaches a peak between 20-25 years of age, earlier in females, and after a relatively brief plateau , it declines slowly due to physiological lung ageing. There are several genetic and environmental factors with the potential to alter this normal lung function trajectory, so it is now recognized that in the general population there is indeed a range of them. Further, it is also known now that some of these trajectories have important health consequences, both for the lungs but also for other organ systems, including premature death. Here we provide a brief overview of these new concepts and discuss the potential implications of this new framework to understand adult respiratory diseases.","PeriodicalId":87223,"journal":{"name":"Barcelona respiratory network reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49573677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome: New Insights 肥胖低通气综合征:新见解
Barcelona respiratory network reviews Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.23866/brnrev:2019-0018
V. R. R. Molina, J. F. M. Jiménez, J. G. D. Terreros
{"title":"Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome: New Insights","authors":"V. R. R. Molina, J. F. M. Jiménez, J. G. D. Terreros","doi":"10.23866/brnrev:2019-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23866/brnrev:2019-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is an obesity-dependent sleep disorder that has acquired great importance worldwide due to its prevalence and the fact that its features may lead to an increase in morbidity and mortality whilst reducing life quality. This condition is characterised by the presence of chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure not secondary to other causes, alveolar hypoventilation during sleep and with or without apnoeic episodes. In this review, we have gone over new insights about OHS, diagnosis and the role of positive airway pressure, in particular the mechanisms that provide general improvement, physical relief, clinical applications, and management.","PeriodicalId":87223,"journal":{"name":"Barcelona respiratory network reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45667502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relevance of Symptom Variability for Control and Management of COPD 慢性阻塞性肺病症状变异性与控制和管理的相关性
Barcelona respiratory network reviews Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.23866/brnrev:2019-0020
J. Soler-Cataluña, José L. LópezÓCampos
{"title":"Relevance of Symptom Variability for Control and Management of COPD","authors":"J. Soler-Cataluña, José L. LópezÓCampos","doi":"10.23866/brnrev:2019-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23866/brnrev:2019-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Physiological and cellular functions operate in a 24-hour cyclical pattern orchestrated by an endogenous process known as the circadian rhythm. Airway calibre exhibits a circadian variation with maximum values occurring around noon and minimum values in the early morning. The mechanisms behind the daily variation are complex, but it has been speculated that autonomic input to airway tissues via the vagal nerve plays an essential role. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), there is important daily variation of respiratory symptoms, which are present in approximately half of the patients. This time-dependent variability has important consequences since it has an impact on daily life physical activity, sleep quality, severity of symptoms, exacerbations or health-related quality of life, which in turn represents a component of instability within a period previously considered as relatively calm. This article reviews the symptomatic variability in COPD, its pathophysiological basis, characteristics, determinants, potential consequences and therapeutic implications.","PeriodicalId":87223,"journal":{"name":"Barcelona respiratory network reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44918891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From systemic effects of COPD to COPD as pulmonary component of multimorbidity 从慢性阻塞性肺病的全身性影响到慢性阻塞性肺病作为多病的肺部组成部分
Barcelona respiratory network reviews Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.23866/brnrev:2019-0004
L. Vanfleteren, S. A. Vikjord, M. Ingvar, L. Fabbri
{"title":"From systemic effects of COPD to COPD as pulmonary component of multimorbidity","authors":"L. Vanfleteren, S. A. Vikjord, M. Ingvar, L. Fabbri","doi":"10.23866/brnrev:2019-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23866/brnrev:2019-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was originally defined as a chronic disease of the airways due to an abnormal inflammatory response to tobacco smoking. How-ever, although primarily a pulmonary disease, the systemic consequences of COPD have been subject of intensive research for more than two decades. Extrapulmonary manifestations and/or comorbidities are invariably present in COPD and contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality. These observations warrant a strategy in which COPD should be seen as the pulmonary component of chronic multimorbidity that develops in a patient in response to a spectrum of risk factors. Specific multimorbidity combinations are associated with specific COPD phenotypes, suggesting that lung and other organ disease trajectories are entangled from an early disease state onwards. The management of the patient with multimorbid COPD should include an active search for the most impactful comorbidities and a patient-tailored multidisciplinary shared-decision treatment plan embedded in clinical pathways with supportive informatics.","PeriodicalId":87223,"journal":{"name":"Barcelona respiratory network reviews","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42263242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Integrating Genetics and Omics to Understand Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 整合遗传学和组学来了解慢性阻塞性肺疾病
Barcelona respiratory network reviews Pub Date : 2020-10-26 DOI: 10.23866/brnrev:2019-0008
E. Silverman, B. Hobbs
{"title":"Integrating Genetics and Omics to Understand Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","authors":"E. Silverman, B. Hobbs","doi":"10.23866/brnrev:2019-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23866/brnrev:2019-0008","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of comprehensive assessments of specific types of biologically active molecules, referred to as Omics, in large study populations provides unique opportunities for the discovery of new pathobiological mechanisms for complex diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Omics data can assist in identifying key genes that are driving genetic associations to COPD. However, despite substantial progress in delineat-ing the genetic determinants of COPD, the biological networks influencing COPD remain largely undefined. Multiple methods have recently been developed to integrate multiple Omics data and identify key biological networks. These methods are already beginning to provide new insights into COPD pathogenesis and heterogeneity.","PeriodicalId":87223,"journal":{"name":"Barcelona respiratory network reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48026174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advances in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Imaging. 慢性阻塞性肺疾病影像学研究进展
Barcelona respiratory network reviews Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.23866/brnrev:2019-0023
Wojciech R Dolliver, Alejandro A Diaz
{"title":"Advances in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Imaging.","authors":"Wojciech R Dolliver,&nbsp;Alejandro A Diaz","doi":"10.23866/brnrev:2019-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23866/brnrev:2019-0023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chest computed tomography (CT) imaging is a useful tool that provides <i>in vivo</i> information regarding lung structure. Imaging has contributed to a better understanding of COPD, allowing for the detection of early structural changes and the quantification of extra-pulmonary structures. Novel CT imaging techniques have provided insight into the progression of the main COPD subtypes, such as emphysema and small airway disease. This article serves as a review of new information relevant to COPD imaging. CT abnormalities, such as emphysema and loss of airways, are present even in smokers who do not meet the criteria for COPD and in those with mild-to-moderate disease. Subjects with mild-to-moderate COPD, with the highest loss of airways, also experience the highest decline in lung function. Extra-pulmonary manifestations of COPD, such as right ventricle enlargement and low muscle mass measured on CT, are associated with increased risk for all-cause mortality. CT longitudinal data has also given insight into the progression of COPD. Mechanically affected areas of lung parenchyma adjacent to emphysematous areas are associated with a greater decline in FEV<sub>1</sub>. Subjects with the greatest percentage of small airway disease, as measured on matched inspiratory-expiratory CT scan, also present with the greatest decline in lung function.</p>","PeriodicalId":87223,"journal":{"name":"Barcelona respiratory network reviews","volume":"6 2","pages":"128-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7983592/pdf/nihms-1674616.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25510474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Artificial Intelligence in COPD: New Venues to Study a Complex Disease. 慢性阻塞性肺病中的人工智能：研究复杂疾病的新途径。
Barcelona respiratory network reviews Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.23866/BRNRev:2019-0014
Raúl San José Estépar
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in COPD: New Venues to Study a Complex Disease.","authors":"Raúl San José Estépar","doi":"10.23866/BRNRev:2019-0014","DOIUrl":"10.23866/BRNRev:2019-0014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex and heterogeneous disease that can benefit from novel approaches to understanding its evolution and divergent trajectories. Artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized how we can use clinical, imaging, and molecular data to understand and model complex systems. AI has shown impressive results in areas related to automated clinical decision making, radiological interpretation and prognostication. The unique nature of COPD and the accessibility to well-phenotyped populations result in an ideal scenario for AI development. This review provides an introduction to AI and deep learning and presents some recent successes in applying AI in COPD. Finally, we will discuss some of the opportunities, challenges, and limitations for AI applications in the context of COPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":87223,"journal":{"name":"Barcelona respiratory network reviews","volume":"6 2","pages":"144-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7842269/pdf/nihms-1659302.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25316760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Canadian Cohort Obstructive Lung Disease (CanCOLD): New Insights for Primary Care Application 加拿大队列阻塞性肺疾病(CanCOLD):初级保健应用的新见解
Barcelona respiratory network reviews Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.23866/brnrev:2019-0007
J. Bourbeau, W. Tan, H. Perrault
{"title":"The Canadian Cohort Obstructive Lung Disease (CanCOLD): New Insights for Primary Care Application","authors":"J. Bourbeau, W. Tan, H. Perrault","doi":"10.23866/brnrev:2019-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23866/brnrev:2019-0007","url":null,"abstract":"The Canadian Cohort Obstructive Lung disease (CanCOLD) study was launched ten years ago, to provide insight on the natural course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This project, unique on the world scene for its longitudinal evaluation, is based on random sampling of the population as opposed to more traditional cohorts built on convenience samples of clinical patients. This comprehensive review article has elected to extract and collate from the set of CanCOLD substudies those findings and emerging discoveries that can serve to influence clinical practice, in particular, for primary care. We are presenting findings grouped around three aspects: prevalence of COPD, diagnostic performance, and impacts of COPD. Furthermore, the main results of these studies are supplemented by key messages. From CanCOLD publications we have already learned much, with sufficient substantive data to warrant translation into our clinical practice, guidelines and health policies for the benefit of our COPD patients. (BRN Rev. 2019;5(4):249-62) Corresponding author: Jean Bourbeau, jean.bourbeau@mcgill.ca","PeriodicalId":87223,"journal":{"name":"Barcelona respiratory network reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42822381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations: Current Controversies 慢性阻塞性肺病加重：目前的争议
Barcelona respiratory network reviews Pub Date : 2019-09-20 DOI: 10.23866/brnrev:2019-0005
S. Aaron
{"title":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations: Current Controversies","authors":"S. Aaron","doi":"10.23866/brnrev:2019-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23866/brnrev:2019-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are characterised by acute worsening of dyspnoea, sometimes accompanied by cough and sputum production and increased sputum purulence. Exacerbations carry with them important clinical and economic consequences including lost work productivity, increased utilisation of health care resources, temporary or permanent reductions in lung function and exercise capacity, hospitalisation, and sometimes death. Significant unresolved controversies surround COPD exacerbations. Controversies can be broadly grouped into the following categories: 1) definition of exacerbations; 2) pathogenesis of exacerbations; 3) prediction of exacerbations and early intervention in individual patients; 4) the role of patient self-management and COPD action plans in treatment of exacerbations; and 5) use of antibiotics to treat outpatient exacerbations. This paper will review the current state of the art with respect to how we define, predict, and treat COPD exacerbations, along with controversies and challenges associated with optimal management of exacerbations. (BRN Rev. 2019;5(4):263-76) Corresponding author: Dr. Shawn Aaron, saaron@ohri.ca","PeriodicalId":87223,"journal":{"name":"Barcelona respiratory network reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49374356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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