Archives of community medicine and public health最新文献

{"title":"Mental health during the COVID-19 epidemic: The role of social media","authors":"S. Iraj, Solymani Sajjad, Ezati Elahe","doi":"10.17352/2455-5479.000167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-5479.000167","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the COVID-19 pandemic is one of the major health issues in the world [1,2]. In December 2019, a population of patients with pneumonia of unknown etiology was found in Wuhan, China. Many of the first patients were associated with a local seafood shop and live wild animals [1]. Therefore, it was initially thought that the disease was transmitted from animal to human. But after closing the said shop, the number of infected cases increased and it seemed that the second method of transmission of this disease was human-to-human [3].","PeriodicalId":87221,"journal":{"name":"Archives of community medicine and public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45656139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical and scientific research in Libya. Position on sustained developmental goals","authors":"Nasef Aisha","doi":"10.17352/2455-5479.000166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-5479.000166","url":null,"abstract":"UNESCO recommendation on science and scientific researchers aims to support scientific research and science as tools for achievements of the 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs). Countries are responded differently to these recommendations. In this article we tried to assess the polices and measures taken by Libya State as a developing country to meet these recommendations. The assessment reveals big shortcomings in the Libyan government’s response to UNESCO recommendation on science and scientific researchers.","PeriodicalId":87221,"journal":{"name":"Archives of community medicine and public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44397453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling the impact of COVID-19 on mental health: A scoping review on traumatogenic events using the phases of response to disaster model","authors":"den Cruyce Nele Van","doi":"10.17352/2455-5479.000165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-5479.000165","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Disease outbreaks such as the COVID-19 pandemic give rise to high levels of psychological distress in people worldwide. Since this is the first pandemic of its kind, the best available evidence is needed on what psychological needs could be expected during and after the pandemic. Objectives: In this scoping review existing research on traumatogenic events is examined in order to identify the potential impact on mental health of the COVID pandemic. The research findings are organized using the the phases of disaster response model. Results: A total of 34 longitudinal studies, 2 studies with multiple waves of data collection and 92 cross-sectional studies met the inclusion criteria. The studies included in this scoping review could be classified as: 87 studies on COVID-19, 2 on SARS, 19 on wars, 19 on terrorist attacks and 1 on a nuclear accident. Results indicate that stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, insomnia, denial, anger, grief and fear can be anticipated as common reactions. The longer a pandemic continues, the higher the psychological strain is expected to be. Conclusions: The phases of response to disaster model offers a valid frame to unravel the impact of the pandemic on mental health over time. Specific attention must be given to vulnerable groups, whereby specific risk factors include age, gender, pre-existing mental health problems, healthcare profession, migration background, isolation and low socio economic status. However, these may change over time, and a delayed manifestation of psychosocial problems needs to be considered too. Mental health governance is, therefore, warranted throughout and even up to 6 months after the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":87221,"journal":{"name":"Archives of community medicine and public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45697414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myths and Misconceptions about Communication Disorders: A Survey in North Karnataka region","authors":"S. K., A. S., Meghana K N, Sushmitha N","doi":"10.17352/2455-5479.000164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-5479.000164","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Communication disorders are highly prevalent in India especially in children. Early identification and treatment can prevent children from falling behind academically, socially, and in other key areas. However, identifying children with communication disorders and providing rehabilitation at an early stage is challenging in Indian scenario. Though 21st century has progressed drastically towards the rehabilitation of various communication disorders effectively, not all the regions in India are accepting the scientific rehabilitation. Due of lack of awareness, ignorance and stigma related to communication disorders, some open prejudices still persist in our country, making it difficult for people with communication disorders to have their condition recognized and to seek rehabilitation. However beforehand it is important to know the origin and degree of the problem so that appropriate remedy can be sought. Hence the present study makes one such effort, to study the extent of myths widely spread over north Karnataka region. Method: A questionnaire consisting of 10 questions which focus on myths and misbelieves regarding communication disorders was administered on a total of Six hundred participants in the age range of 18 to 80 years. Results: Results indicated presence of myths in rural population with respect to communication disorders compared to urban population as well as more misconceptions were noticed in older population when compared to younger ones. Conclusion: From the results it can be concluded that further necessary programs needs to be implemented in rural areas and for older age groups of North Karnataka region to create awareness in this regard.","PeriodicalId":87221,"journal":{"name":"Archives of community medicine and public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46834469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The experience of living with diabetes mellitus","authors":"Khumalo Percis P, Sebego Mirriam, Vilakati Cynthia Z, Mkhabela Mildred SP, Mathunjwa-Dlamini Tengetile R","doi":"10.17352/2455-5479.000163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-5479.000163","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus is one of the chronic complex diseases which affect the physiological, social and psychological aspects of life, interfering with the functional health status of clients. As a chronic disorder, diabetes mellitus is a lifelong condition. The purpose of the study was to explore experiences of people living with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Mbabane Government Hospital, Swaziland. The study utilized a qualitative exploratory design. Purposive sampling was used to select the participants. The sample size of 12 participants was determined by data saturation. A thematic data analysis was used. The themes that emerged were physiological, psychological; socio-economic and self-management effects of living with diabetes mellitus. The study findings call for empowerment of people suffering from diabetes mellitus with knowledge and skills on self-management, prevention and early detection of complications.","PeriodicalId":87221,"journal":{"name":"Archives of community medicine and public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43390447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disaster management cycle and COVID-19-Breaking the silos","authors":"Maher Osama Ali","doi":"10.17352/2455-5479.000162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-5479.000162","url":null,"abstract":"Humanitarian workers responding to crises, either on the spot or in decision making positions, are familiar with the emergency management cycle with its basic three components namely; preparedness, response and recovery. This cycle can be expanded to include other elements, such as mitigation, readiness, business continuity, contingency, monitoring and evaluation [1].","PeriodicalId":87221,"journal":{"name":"Archives of community medicine and public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48701069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern and predictors of sexual behaviour among adolescents in Ibadan, South West, Nigeria","authors":"Olorunsola Am, S. Muyibi, A. Irabor, Adedotun A. Adetunji, Ismail Wo, T. Ogunniyan","doi":"10.17352/2455-5479.000158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-5479.000158","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adolescents are usually strong and known for vitality but reproductive and sexual issues constitute challenges to their health and well- being. Sexual choices are controlled by interaction of factors surrounding the adolescents’ existence. \u0000Aim: The study investigated the pattern and factors affecting sexual behaviour among adolescents in Ibadan, South West, Nigeria. \u0000Method: A cross sectional study was conducted among sexually active adolescents at two Family Medicine Practice Clinics after obtaining ethical approval. Data was collected on sexual behaviour, socio demographic and family characteristics using interviewer administered questionnaire. Data was analysed with SPSS version 18 and test of association was done using chi-square and multiple logistic regression at 5% level of significance. \u0000Results: The mean age of sexual debut was 18.82 + 2.804 years, with age of onset being a year earlier among male respondents compared to females. Higher proportion of males (50.9%) had intercourse before age 16 and were involved in sex with multiple partners (71.2%). Females accounted more for inconsistent condom use (67.7%) and transactional sex (73.3%). Predictors of unsafe sexual behaviour were non- tertiary education (OR= 2.05, Confidence Interval: 1.096-3.848), lower social class OR: 2.721, Confidence Interval: 1.422-5.308 and conflict- oriented family types (OR= 1.894 Confidence Interval: 1.036-3.462). \u0000Conclusion: The findings showed different pattern of sexual behaviour among adolescents. Factors that predicted unsafe sexual practice were low education, poverty and family dysfunction. Ameliorating these factors will reduce risky sex pattern and related morbidities among adolescents’ population.","PeriodicalId":87221,"journal":{"name":"Archives of community medicine and public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47252117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Diluted-Biomedicines Turmeric Extract (TE) act as Preventive Policy- Developer-Potential-21st-Century-Pandemic COVID 19 Vaccines: Achieved Community-Communication-Medicine-Science-Applications-Public-Health-Ecology-Green-Technology-Innovations–Economy-Social-Welfare-Issues!","authors":"S. Datta","doi":"10.17352/2455-5479.000157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-5479.000157","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Recently the COVID-19 Coronavirus-Disease-2019 caused by reinfection of the numerous new-mutant-coronavirus long-COVID-19-variant SARS-CoV-2, not only effects on global health, education, clinical research, economy, prolonged-neurological-damage, and total change of human civilization, but also its effects on some organs and tissues in Children causing the ‘Multisystem-Inflammatory-Syndrome (MIS-C)’ also, and the sixteen-months-pandemic have punctuated humanity’s timeline for hundreds of years, sowing panic, millions of infections (188) and killing 4-millions. Though the middle-and upper-classes now enjoying the vaccination, the minority, and low-income households, are really suffering. Still, the pandemic prevails, and the main objectives of the research are to find out suitable cost-effective community-biomedicines or universal vaccines by using high-diluted-form of turmeric extract with the help of local students Non-Governmental-Organization (NGO), and doctors. \u0000Methods: In the 11-slam-area, the community-biomedicine of high-diluted-form, Turmeric Extract (TE) or turmeric MT, made from the turmeric-rhizome, Curcuma longa L., is mixed @10-20 drops (1-2mg) /cup (100ml-150ml) of moderately-hot germ-free-drinking-water, administered orally every-day in the early morning (with an empty-stomach) once/day for thirty-days before illness-onset as a preventive measure, with no need to ethical consideration for the permissible doses and safety concerns, OR may be applied after the symptom-onset against present coronavirus infections as a vaccine, where COVID-19 patients in hospitalized, and also the dose could also be increased looking on the intensity of diseases, and age, just in case of treatment suggested by the doctors, and the young-local-students NGO, the “Burdwan-Green-Haunter-and-Students’-Goal”, take initiative for COVID-protocol, social-awareness- and treatment-camp with doctors. \u0000Results: The current preventive-treatment measures have shown that community-biomedicines of high-diluted-TE are more potent in preventing-pathogens by increasing-immunity against COVID-19 with the carcinogenic-free and ‘Multisystem-Inflammatory-Syndrome (MIS-C)’-free results in the 11-slam treated-area than another-control-area of Purba Bardhaman, and the NGOs are an active-helper in all respect. \u0000Conclusions: The easily-available, easily-suppliable, easily-applicable, side-effects-free, non-toxic, cost-effective, eco-friendly, easily-preparable, and the ‘MIS-C’ free high-diluted-potential-community-biomedicine, Turmeric Extract, maybe act as preventive-policy-developer-potential-21st-century-pandemic COVID 19 vaccine by achieving community-medicine-clinical-research-public-health-ecology-green-socio-economy-welfare-science-innovations-technology-communication-applications-issues-advancements. In new normal, it’d be the foremost important vaccines by applying the community-biomedicines of ultra-high-diluted-TE against day-to-day new virulent-coronavir","PeriodicalId":87221,"journal":{"name":"Archives of community medicine and public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45543602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on prevalence of malaria and its adverse fetal outcomes in Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Owerri, IMO State, Nigeria","authors":"IC Iwuchukwu, C. Vincent","doi":"10.17352/2455-5479.000156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-5479.000156","url":null,"abstract":"Despite a massive increase in private and public efforts over the last years, malaria remains one of the most salient global health concerns. The study adopted cross sectional and descriptive survey design to assess the prevalence of maternal malaria and its adverse fetal outcomes in Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria from September, 2020 to March, 2021. The study population were 814 consented pregnant women in their reproductive ages (16 - 55years) who attended ante natal clinic or delivered of their babies at FMCO during the time of study. Data collection involved administration of closed ended questionnaire to illicit information on biographic data. Clinical assessments/examinations (laboratory investigations) of maternal peripheral blood, and fetal birth weight were utilized. Shortly before child birth maternal peripheral blood was obtained from each participant into sterile container for laboratory analysis. Statistical analysis of generated data was carried out using descriptive analysis and of percentages and presented using tables. Statistical comparisons and test of significance between positive and negative groups were calculated using the non-parametric Chi-square test. Differences were considered significant at P< 0.05. The study revealed that 65.6% had malaria during pregnancy. Malaria prevalence is significantly associated with maternal age bracket ( x2= 16.27; P < 0.05), gravidity (x2 = 14.9; P < 0.05) and level of education (x2= 24.69; P < 0.05). There is significant relationship between maternal malaria and perinatal mortality (x2 = 23.14; P < 0.05). There is significant effect of maternal malaria on perinatal mortality based on maternal age (x2= 40.11; P < 0.05) and gravidity (x2= 48.67; P < 0.05). An overall prevalence of preterm deliveries were 19.7%. There is significant relationship between maternal malaria and preterm delivery (x2 = 27.58; P < 0.05). There is significant effect of maternal malaria on preterm delivery based on maternal age (x2 = 49.2; P < 0.05) and gravidity (x2= 56.94; P < 0.05). An overall prevalence of low birth weight were 23.6%. There is significant relationship between maternal malaria and fetal birth weight (x2 = 34.06; P < 0.05). There is significant effect of maternal malaria on fetal birth weight based on maternal age (x2 = 53.82; P < 0.05) and gravidity (x2= 65.94; P < 0.05). The study suggests effective therapy since perinatal mortality due to maternal malaria was recorded in this study. Preterm deliveries and low fetal birth weight based on gravidity and maternal age groups associated with maternal malaria as identified is a call for program managers to make haste and implement new strategies for malaria control.","PeriodicalId":87221,"journal":{"name":"Archives of community medicine and public health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68166300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spinal Muscular Atrophy - The disease and its treatments","authors":"K. Chen","doi":"10.17352/2455-5479.000153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-5479.000153","url":null,"abstract":"Less than a decade ago, patients diagnosed with Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) had no treatments other than pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and orthopedic care. These palliative treatments were focused on managing symptoms and did not address the cause of the disease itself. Now, there are several FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) approved drugs to treat SMA, which can stop or slow disease progression. In order to discuss the development of treatments for patients with SMA, the disease must first be explained in detail.","PeriodicalId":87221,"journal":{"name":"Archives of community medicine and public health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47681715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}