Basin Research最新文献

{"title":"Miocene Siliciclastic-Rich Sabkha Type Deposits of the St. Paul Area: A Regional Reference Model for Sedimentation and Sequence Stratigraphic interpretation in the Gulf of Suez, Egypt","authors":"Mounir H. El-Azabi","doi":"10.1111/bre.70091","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70091","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Extensive deposition of thick marine evaporites occurred during the middle and late Miocene in the Gulf of Suez rift basin, yet their origin remains controversial, particularly regarding marine connectivity, brine sources, and climatic controls. In the St. Paul area, at the western rift margin, stacked, shallowing-upward cycles of shale, mudstone, and evaporite grade landward into conglomerate and sandstone of proximal fan facies. A detailed sedimentological and sequence stratigraphic study offers new insights into the evolution of these Langhian–Serravallian marginal marine evaporites and their basinal equivalents, clarifying the timing of restriction events and proposing viable models for their accumulation. The evaporites, mainly epigenetic anhydrite, occur as nodular forms with chicken-wire and enterolithic textures, indicative of deposition in saline mudflats under a hot, arid climate. This marine-fed, siliciclastic-rich sabkha flat lacks a modern analog due to its uncommon mud matrix. Periodic continental flooding disrupted the sabkha mudflat, leading to the deposition of laminated and fanned gypsum in ephemeral saline pans. The stratal architecture of the evaporites and associated sediments reveals three depositional sequences, each with a lower retrograding deep subtidal shale and basal channelled sandstone, and an upper prograding shallow subtidal to intertidal siliciclastic mud and supratidal evaporites. Sabkha and salina evaporites mark the late highstand facies, while lowstand evaporites formed in the basin centre when it became isolated and hypersaline due to evaporative drawdown. Three major marine flooding events from the Mediterranean had occurred during the Langhian–Serravallian, prior to complete basin isolation from the north. Each event culminated in extensive evaporite accumulation as the basin became temporarily isolated. Rift-related tectonics, global cooling, glacio-eustasy, and changes in basin connectivity were key drivers of temporary restrictions, while arid climate controlled brine concentration. These findings resolve some long-standing debates on the origin of the Gulf of Suez evaporites and their connection to the northern Mediterranean source during the Miocene.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146184376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deconvolving the Effects of Fluvial Transit and Storage on Preservation of Sedimentary Source Signals Using Heavy Minerals and Terrestrial Biomarkers","authors":"Sophia Dosch,&nbsp;Niels Hovius,&nbsp;Sergio Andò,&nbsp;Eduardo Garzanti,&nbsp;Marisa Repasch,&nbsp;Joel Scheingross,&nbsp;Dirk Sachse","doi":"10.1111/bre.70086","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Analysis of naturally occurring markers of environmental signals, or proxy analysis, in sedimentary records can yield valuable insights into the geologic past. However, these proxies may be altered between sediment source and sink by selective gain, loss, or transformation of individual organic or inorganic components. To aid interpretation of sedimentary proxies, we must understand physical and chemical processes occurring during transit. We track the provenance and transformation of two commonly used proxies, long-chain <i>n</i>-alkanes and heavy minerals, between source and sink along the Río Bermejo, a lowland alluvial river without significant tributaries or distributaries, traversing the east Andean foreland basin. Our sampling strategy allowed determining the sediment input signal and isolating the effects of long-range transport and transient floodplain storage. Fine-grained sediments present in the suspended load and deposited in floodplains show heavy <i>n</i>C₂₉ <i>n-</i>alkane δ²H values compared to channel bed sediment. Heavy <i>n</i>C₂₉ <i>n-</i>alkane δ²H values indicate that organic matter in suspended and deposited sediments was sourced from low elevations, while light <i>n</i>C₂₉ <i>n-</i>alkane δ²H values indicate upland sources for the bed sediment. These data suggest that organic matter proxies in finer sediment are overprinted during transient floodplain storage, while organic matter travelling near the river bed is transferred downstream efficiently without significant recycling. Meanwhile, a negative correlation of Zircon-Tourmaline-Rutile index and corroded grains of all samples indicates progressive weathering of silicate minerals during transient foreland sediment storage. In particular, sediment deposited on the floodplain is depleted in clinopyroxenes and amphiboles compared to suspended sediment. Combining the physical and chemical characteristics of organic and inorganic proxies can help isolate source area fingerprints and identify the effects of lowland fluvial transit on sedimentary records. This improves our understanding of how source-to-sink processes influence the preservation of proxy signals, their transfer into the stratigraphic record, and the potential impacts of flood basin sediment storage on biogeochemical cycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bre.70086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146135005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upper Cretaceous Seismic Stratigraphy and Magma-Enhanced Petroleum System of the Offshore Indus Basin","authors":"Yasir Shahzad,&nbsp;Ines Pereira,&nbsp;Ricardo Pereira,&nbsp;Rui Pena dos Reis","doi":"10.1111/bre.70089","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70089","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Cretaceous petroleum system beneath the volcanic rocks in the deep offshore Indus Basin presents a challenging yet potentially significant frontier for hydrocarbon exploration. This study utilises new 2D seismic reflection data to explore the stratigraphy and structural complexities within the basin, which is predominantly influenced by extensive magmatic activity. Key findings highlight the presence of significant stratigraphic discontinuities and potential hydrocarbon reservoirs below a regionally extensive basalt unit. Through detailed seismic stratigraphy and sequence analysis, integrating data from boreholes and seismic data, this study delineates five seismic facies units grouped into Lower and Upper Cretaceous megasequences, identifies features such as saucer-shaped sill complexes and hydrothermal vent complexes, and assesses the post-Cretaceous depositional environments. The complex interplay between tectonics, sedimentary and magmatic processes has been mapped, providing insights into the potential hydrocarbon system. Upper Cretaceous sequences show lateral variations with a northeast to southwest fining trend and differential thickness across the volcanic units, thinning northward and thickening southeastward towards the Saurashtra High. Lower Cretaceous sequences reveal lithologic composition and thickness variability, with the Sembar and Goru formations locally exceeding 2000 m in thickness on the shelf before thinning basinwards. Quantitative thermal modelling indicates that magmatic intrusions impacted source rock maturation, raising sediment temperatures by 50°C–100°C and affecting approximately 15%–20% of the Cretaceous Sembar Formation source rock, thereby potentially generating an additional 10%–15% hydrocarbons beyond burial maturation alone. Our quantification shows magmatic heating accelerated Sembar Formation maturation by 8%–18%, facilitating hydrocarbon generation in this sub-basalt system. The timing of this magmatism (~70–60 Ma, just before and during Deccan volcanism) was favourable, coinciding with organic-rich shales entering the peak oil window and favouring hydrocarbon generation and migration. These findings provide insights into the geological history and hydrocarbon potential of the offshore Indus Basin's Cretaceous units and offer analogues for other volcanic passive margins worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bre.70089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146071840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sedimentary and Sequence Responses to Tectonic and Climatic Changes in a Continental Depression Basin","authors":"Zhichao Yu,&nbsp;Detian Yan,&nbsp;Caspar Daniel Adenutsi","doi":"10.1111/bre.70088","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70088","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sequence stratigraphy has long provided a framework for deciphering how environmental conditions are recorded in sedimentary basins across a range of tectonic settings. Much of our current understanding of sequence architecture in depression basins, however, comes from studies that focus on individual external forcings such as sediment supply, climate, or lake-level change. The relative importance of these forcings in shaping key characteristics of stratigraphic patterns remains poorly quantified. Moreover, distinguishing external signals from autogenic variability is particularly challenging at mid-term (10⁵–10⁶ yr) timescales. To address these issues, we conducted nine numerical simulations of continental-scale sediment-routing systems, spanning millions of years, to examine how basin sedimentation and sequence stratigraphy respond to variations in lake level, precipitation and tectonic uplift within the source region of a depression basin. Our results show that different external forcings dominate distinct aspects of stratigraphic development: (1) precipitation strongly governs depositional and erosional rates, whereas uplift exerts only a minor influence; (2) uplift determines the overall extent of the basin margin, while autogenic processes introduce local spatial variability in its position; and (3) lake-level cyclicity controls stratal stacking patterns. A reduction in amplitude results in an earlier development of the initial flooding surface, which in turn extends the duration of transgression and increases the regressive ratio. Across all simulations, enhanced precipitation produces short, thick stratigraphic packages, whereas tectonic uplift generates more elongated, thin successions. These findings highlight the distinct signatures of different external forcings in shaping stratigraphic development and provide a basis for interpreting environmental signals preserved in continental depression basins, particularly over mid-term timescales.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145968369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Neoproterozoic Throssell Range Group, Western Australia: A Peri-Marginal Continental Basin in Rodinia and Its Implications for the Centralian Superbasin","authors":"Ross B. Campbell,&nbsp;Peir K. Pufahl,&nbsp;Penelope Sinclair,&nbsp;Erin L. Martin,&nbsp;Lillian H. Cybulski,&nbsp;Urmidola Raye,&nbsp;Paul Polito,&nbsp;Rebecca Church,&nbsp;Marina Joury,&nbsp;Daniel Layton-Matthews","doi":"10.1111/bre.70087","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70087","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents a new interpretation of an early Neoproterozoic cratonic basin. Its depositional history is a record of fault reactivation and differential subsidence in a heterogeneous basement during Rodinia's breakup. Globally, the reactivation of deep structures in older Proterozoic lithosphere surrounding the Archaean cratonic cores probably controlled the development of Neoproterozoic cratonic basins. These structures may also have provided conduits for mineralizing fluids. The Throssell Range Group (TRG) is a 1–3.5 km thick siliciclastic succession, topped by a carbonate platform, in the Paterson Orogen of north-western Australia. It hosts the <i>c</i>.2 Mt. Nifty Cu deposit. It is among several successions attributed to the large continental Centralian Superbasin, thought to have its origin in crustal sagging at <i>c</i>.840 Ma. However, the TRG includes deep water strata unusual for continental sag basins, and the ages of intrusions suggest that it is older than 840 Ma. Based on detailed logging of recent drillcore, two sedimentary sequences separated by a disconformity are recognised. This differs from previous work which interprets the TRG as a single conformable succession. Sequence 1 consists of three lithofacies associations, interpreted as the record of deposition in half-graben sub-basins, bounded by basement faults reactivated by extensional stresses related to Rodinia's breakup. Sequence 2 comprises four lithofacies associations, interpreted as recording a period of reduced clastic sediment supply in a peri-marginal continental basin exposed to wind-driven upwelling of nutrient-rich oceanic water. The subsidence of thin, more juvenile Proterozoic lithosphere produced a flooded margin between the Pilbara and North Australian Cratons. As sea level rise slowed, a carbonate platform prograded over the basin. More generally, this suggests that the Centralian Superbasin, and other Neoproterozoic cratonic basins, may best be thought of as mosaics of roughly coeval sub-basins, each with a specific history determined by local basement reactivation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bre.70087","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145962381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Temporal and Geometrical Evolution of a Middle Carboniferous Extensional Basin in the Eastern Campine Basin (NE Belgium)","authors":"Jef Deckers,&nbsp;Bernd Rombaut,&nbsp;Bailey Lathrop,&nbsp;Francesco Vinci,&nbsp;Luc Hance","doi":"10.1111/bre.70077","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70077","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Major thickness changes of the Namurian interval (Serpukovian and early Bashkirian) recorded in wells across several basins in northwestern Europe provide indications for rifting, but little is known about the dynamics of this extensional phase. On the basis of new biostratigraphic analyses, well-log correlations, seismic interpretations, and geological models for the Campine Basin (northeastern Belgium), this study is the first to provide detailed constraints on the timing and geometry of this middle Carboniferous tectonic phase. The karstification of the lower Carboniferous carbonates, which is key for geothermal and gas storage applications in the region, was strongly influenced by the middle Carboniferous tectonics, highlighting the importance of a thorough understanding. During the early to late Visean, the Campine Basin was characterised by carbonate platform development under relative tectonic quiescence. The latest Visean was a time of major shifts in tectonics throughout Western Europe and marked the start of differential subsidence of the eastern Campine Basin. In this part of the basin, a several hundred meters thick sediment succession was deposited, with a progressive increase in siliciclastics at the expense of carbonates. In the western Campine Basin, in contrast, the latest Visean and earliest Namurian represented a major depositional hiatus. As differential subsidence continued from the Visean into the Namurian up to the earliest Westphalian A (late Bashkirian), the contemporaneous depositional sequences, mainly delta-systems, were consistently developed thicker in the eastern Campine Basin compared to the western Campine Basin. The regional thickness model of the Namurian, on the basis mainly of seismic data, indicates that the differentiation between the western and eastern Campine Basin took place along a narrow basin margin comprised of tilted blocks and faults with normal vertical throws having predominantly NNE–SSW orientations. This fault direction could have resulted from an ESE–WNW extensional direction that likely originated from N-S maximum horizontal compression by the northwards migrating Variscan thrust front further south. The extensional phase ended in early Westphalian A and marked the start of a thermal subsidence phase that likely continued up to the late Westphalian B when compressional foreland dynamics gradually started dominating the region. This transition from extension to thermal subsidence coincided roughly with a regional change in sedimentary deposition from delta progradation towards lower delta plain deposition.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomy of Rift-Segmenting Transfer Zones: New Insights From the 3D Integrated Interpretation of the Southeastern Sector of the Basque-Cantabrian Basin and the Pamplona Fault (Pyrenees, N Spain)","authors":"Cristina Bravo,&nbsp;Juan C. Larrasoaña,&nbsp;Juan I. Baceta","doi":"10.1111/bre.70084","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Pamplona Fault at the SE Basque-Cantabrian Basin is one of the most notable and controversial transverse faults of the Pyrenees. Previous studies of this structure have been based on the analysis of single geological and geophysical datasets, which has resulted in a variety of interpretations regarding its origin and role during the Mesozoic rifting and Cenozoic inversion of the Pyrenean orogen. In this study, a 3D model integrating all the geological and geophysical information available for the transition between the Basque-Cantabrian, Jaca-Pamplona and Ebro foreland basins has been built to provide an updated, comprehensive view of the Pamplona Fault. We have found strong conclusive evidence for its presence in the Palaeozoic basement, as part of a widespread NNE-SSW fault network that extends across the study area. Further evidence for the activity of the fault during the Mesozoic rifting derives from the geometry and sedimentary evolution of the overlying, allochthonous Cretaceous sedimentary units. Overall, our results indicate that the Pamplona Fault represented the easternmost boundary of the Basque-Cantabrian basin during Hauterivian-Barremian times, was active during the beginning of the hyperextension process that led to the eastward propagation of the basin across the fault during the Aptian-early Albian and acted as an accommodation structure during the rest of the Cretaceous. By the integration of these results with those from surrounding areas, we identify this fault not as a single structure but as a ~65 km-wide strip labelled Pamplona Transfer Zone that includes the neighbouring Hendaya and Oroz-Betelu faults and represented a diffuse transfer linkage between the Basque-Cantabrian and Mauléon segments of the Pyrenean rift. This wide transfer zone also exerted a clear role during the Cenozoic inversion of the rift, for it had an impact on the style of deformation and the local configuration of the Pyrenean thrust front.</p>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bre.70084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145897811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal History of the Ediacaran/Cambrian Sediments on the East European Craton Inferred From Low-Temperature Thermochronology","authors":"Aneta Agnieszka Anczkiewicz,&nbsp;Jan Środoń,&nbsp;István Dunkl","doi":"10.1111/bre.70081","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70081","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Organic maturation and clay mineral-based estimates of the maximum paleotemperatures experienced by the Precambrian/Cambrian sediments on the East European Craton (EEC) are in disagreement. To resolve this conflict and reconstruct thermal histories of these sedimentary rocks we used three low-temperature thermochronometers: zircon and apatite (U–Th)/He (ZHe, AHe) and apatite fission track (AFT) methods, complemented by AFT modelling of thermal histories. At the cratonic edge (Podillya), the ZHe ages are partially reset, implying that the AFT ages are fully reset, and that the maximum paleotemperatures were in the range of 160°C–200°C, similar to earlier estimates based on the degree of illitization of smectite. Comparison with analogous data for the overlying Silurian bentonites identifies the edge zone of the former Devonian/Carboniferous Variscan foreland basin. In the Podillya region the modelling of thermal history of the Cambrian/Ediacaran strata indicated exhumation in Carboniferous time. In the cratonic interior (Volyn, Belarus, and Lithuania), the AFT ages are totally or partially reset, implying the maximum paleotemperatures close to 120°C, which confirm earlier estimates based on the degree of illitization of smectite, but are higher than the estimates based on the organic geochemistry. The relatively short mean confined tracks lengths (13.6 ± 0.4 to 10.8 ± 0.4 μm), and their varied standard deviation values (2.1–0.9) indicate slow exhumation within the partial annealing zone.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shear Localisation and Its Impact on Mass-Transport Complexes Seal Potential: Insights From Geophysical Datasets","authors":"Zhenghao Han,&nbsp;Nan Wu,&nbsp;Jinfeng Ren,&nbsp;Zenggui Kuang","doi":"10.1111/bre.70082","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mass-transport complexes (MTCs), the deposits of submarine slope failures and common features of sedimentary basins worldwide, can act as effective seals for hydrocarbons and carbon sequestration due to shear-induced overcompaction. However, seal failure is occasionally observed in specific parts of MTCs, leading to hydrocarbon and carbon dioxide leakage and posing potential threats to seabed stability. In this study, we combine 3D seismic and well log data from Qiongdongnan Basin, northern South China Sea, to investigate the mechanisms that influence and control the seal potential of MTCs. We identified three vertically stacked MTCs overlying a gas hydrate bearing interval. Seismic interpretation reveals that MTCs seal tends to fail in intervals where MTCs overlies the frontal ramp or remnant block, whereas the remaining intervals effectively seal the underlying gas hydrate. Petrophysical analyses show that MTCs intervals overlying frontal ramps or remnant blocks exhibit significantly lower density and velocity, higher porosity and permeability, indicating reduced compaction in these intervals. Numerical simulations indicate that during MTCs emplacement, shear localisation normally develops in the lowermost part, forming a narrow (10%–20% MTCs total thickness), highly deformed basal shear zone. However, shear localisation is disrupted by the remnant block or frontal ramp, leading to low shear strain and thus low seal potential in MTCs intervals overlying the remnant block or frontal ramp. Therefore, we propose that shear localisation is a key mechanism controlling the seal potential of MTCs. Disruption of this process during emplacement can significantly compromise MTCs seal potential, with important implications for understanding hydrocarbon distribution and for assessing the feasibility of submarine carbon sequestration using MTCs as natural seals.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling Radiolytic Natural Hydrogen From a Fractured Basement: Generation, Migration, and Sequestration Potential (Taranaki Basin–New Zealand)","authors":"Muhammed Abdullahi,&nbsp;Aurelien Gay,&nbsp;Nicolas Saspiturry,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Hidalgo,&nbsp;Marguerite Godard","doi":"10.1111/bre.70078","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bre.70078","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The search for natural hydrogen (H₂) in sedimentary basins is gaining increasing recognition due to its environmental friendliness. Therefore, as an alternative energy source, natural hydrogen could address the issue of environmental challenges and participate in the energy mix necessary for the energy transition. Despite ongoing research, many uncertainties remain in H₂ exploration, which is still at an early stage. In this work, we provide, for the first time, a numerical model of radiolytic natural H₂ generation from the fractured basement based on the Taranaki Basin example (New Zealand). This approach uses conventional hydrocarbon exploration techniques, with some adjustments to properly reproduce the subsurface natural H₂ behaviour. We calculated the potential radiolytic H₂ generation rate to be approximately 10.3 mg/g/Ma. This value was used as a constant rate input in the model. Potential reservoirs within the possible optimal H₂ preservation window (80°C–200°C) include the Tane formation sandstone, as well as the Taimana and Tikorangi carbonate formations. The model highlights that H₂ mass concentration in water is higher along the faults and in interbedded sand facies of the Rakopi and Wainui formations, implying that hydrogen in solution could migrate both by diffusion and advection along these paths. The density inversion of the seal and the underlying reservoirs began at 9.4 Ma and 6.8 Ma in the Witiora and Taranga boreholes respectively, due to the northwestward progradation of the Mohakatino Formation. This inversion indicates a period during which hydrogen-saturated water could be trapped or experience delayed flow, potentially leading to the exsolution of supersaturated hydrogen into a gaseous phase. The Tane formation gas anomaly reported during the drilling could be due to the conversion of CO₂ into abiotic CH₄ via the Sabatier reaction at higher temperatures (&gt; 200°C). Consequently, abiotic CH₄ could be an accurate proxy for depicting natural H₂ generation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"37 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bre.70078","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145753051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}