The Glaxo volume; an occasional contribution to the science and art of medicine最新文献

{"title":"METHODS AND INDICATORS FOR EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PHYSICAL THERAPY FOR PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH AUTISM","authors":"L. I. Basenko, K. Tymruk-Skoropad","doi":"10.21802/artm.2023.1.25.193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/artm.2023.1.25.193","url":null,"abstract":"Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder that affects the way people perceive the world. The learning, thinking, and problem-solving abilities of people with ASD can range from gifted to very challenging. Some people with ASD need a lot of help in their daily lives, while others need less. \u0000Symptoms of ASD range from mild to severe. Children with ASD may have delays in developing basic skills. For example, some children with ASD may be able to talk. Others may communicate in other ways or have trouble relating to other people. People with ASD may also limit their behaviors or have repetitive behavioral patterns. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have delayed motor skills, limited coordination, and poor postural control. They also have to work harder to learn imitation skills. This can make it difficult to develop social skills. The task of a physical therapist is to help children with ASD develop gross motor skills, basic motor skills and improve their quality of life. Intervention programs, including physical therapy, have benefits for children with ASD, but the lack of reliable diagnostic tools makes it difficult to assess children with ASD in the context of their holistic development and provide timely therapy. In order to design an effective rehabilitation program, a physical therapist needs to qualitatively assess physical development using standardized tools, so it is important to understand what assessment tools and indicators a physical therapist can use. Only after assessing and identifying impairments in movement or aspects of motor skills that are delayed in a child's development can a physical therapist set functional goals with the parents (guardians) of a child with ASD to optimize the child's functional mobility in the most effective way. \u0000The aim of the research: to determine which assessment tools and indicators are most commonly used by researchers to evaluate the effectiveness of physical therapy and rehabilitation of children with autism. \u0000Materials and Methods. A search for systematic reviews related to physical therapy, rehabilitation, exercise and physical activity in children with ASD in the Cochrane, PubMed and Pedro libraries over the past 10 years was conducted and 11 of them were selected, which included 225 scientific studies. \u0000Results. The analysis of scientific studies based on 11 systematic reviews ensured the use of high-quality data and the consideration of modern and relevant assessment tools for children with ASD. From the 286 assessment tools and indicators used, six groups of assessment criteria were formed in the following main areas: mental functions (97 assessment tools), motor development (127 tools and indicators), life activities (21 tools), quality of life (12 tools) and assessment of children with ASD (12 tools) and comprehensive assessment (17 tools). We divided motor development into three subgroups, which included questionnaires/observations of motor skills develo","PeriodicalId":86625,"journal":{"name":"The Glaxo volume; an occasional contribution to the science and art of medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84968461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PARAMETERS OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF WOMEN WITH HIP ARTHROPLASTY IN THE POSTPARTUM PERIOD (ABDOMINAL DELIVERY) AS A CRITERION FOR THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A PHYSICAL THERAPY PROGRAM","authors":"S. Danylchenko, S. M. Kanyhina","doi":"10.21802/artm.2023.2.26.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/artm.2023.2.26.35","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Purpose: to determine the parameters of the quality of life of women with an endoprosthetic hip joint in the postpartum period as a criterion for the effectiveness of the physical therapy program. \u0000Methods. In the course of the study, 9 women aged 28.5±1.6 years were examined 1 month after childbirth, which took place by caesarean section. The developed program of physical therapy lasted 1 month (from the end of the first month after childbirth). In her process, therapeutic exercises for the trunk, upper and lower limbs were used; functional training to improve movements related to child care, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation of lower limbs, back, trunk; massage of lower limbs, back. We took into account movement restrictions associated with an incompletely formed scar after cesarean section and with the presence of an endoprosthesis (excessive bending, rotation of the hip joint); accordingly, they created safe movement strategies related to child care (lifting, carrying) and transporting a baby carriage. Individual determination of short- and long-term goals of rehabilitation contributed to the improvement of psycho-emotional mood and increased compliance of women. The effectiveness of the tested program was evaluated using the standard SF-36 quality of life questionnaire («Medical outcomes study short form»). \u0000Results. During the initial examination, all women with hip arthroplasty in the postpartum period were found to have a deterioration in the quality of life according to the SF-36. Overloading of elements of the musculoskeletal system during pregnancy and changes in the biomechanics of a woman's body, which causes certain physical discomfort, is justified by hormonal and physical processes.During repeated testing, the effectiveness of the physical therapy program was confirmed by its positive impact on both scales - physical and mental functioning. The difference between the results of Physical health at the initial and repeated examination according to the Physical Functioning scale in the examined women was 41.9%, Role-Physical – 39.4%, Bodily Pain – 26.0%, General Health – 42.2%. Accordingly, for all subscales of Physical health, a statistically significant improvement in the condition of women was obtained compared to the initial parameters (р<0.05). The improvement of Mental health in comparison with the primary result on the Vitality scale in the examined women was 26.9%, Social Functioning - 60.3%, Role-Emotional - 32.5%; Mental Health - 49.9%. Therefore, a statistically significant improvement in the condition of women compared to the initial parameters was obtained for all subscales of Mental health (р<0.05). \u0000Conclusions. In women with an endoprosthetic hip joint in the postpartum period (abdominal delivery), a significant decrease in the physical and mental components of quality of life, determined by the SF-36 questionnaire, was found. The use of physical therapy (therapeutic exercises, functional training, m","PeriodicalId":86625,"journal":{"name":"The Glaxo volume; an occasional contribution to the science and art of medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88017784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF PROLONGED STRESS ON THE ACTIVITY OF BLOOD ENZYMES IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR IN UKRAINE","authors":"I. Tokmenko, G.I. Malyshevska, N. O. Posternak","doi":"10.21802/artm.2023.2.26.242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/artm.2023.2.26.242","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an analysis of scientific works on the effect of long-term stress on blood enzymes. It has been determined that enzymopathies include a wide range of diseases, the cause of which is a malfunction of enzymes. Understanding the mechanisms of the occurrence of such disorders is necessary for the search for new, effective methods of their treatment. In the course of the work, twenty scientific works in English, published in the period 2000-2021, were analyzed, which investigated the mechanisms of human enzyme disorders. It has been established that non-genetic factors, such as injuries or stress, can lead to enzyme malfunctions. Stress factors, such as physical injuries, can affect enzyme dysfunction. One of the ways in which stress affects the functioning of enzymes is a change in their activity in biochemical mechanisms. Mutations in the three-dimensional structure of enzymes are one of the main mechanisms underlying the disruption of enzyme activity under the influence of stress. Since enzymes are large proteins that often have a complex tertiary structure that is important for their functioning, mutations that affect this structure can change their catalytic activity, substrate specificity, and stability, leading to enzymopathies. The stress factor of war is not similar to everyday stress factors, because it exceeds a person's ability to adapt to the action of the stress factor. The results of the research and analysis of research indicate the significant role of stress in disrupting the work of antioxidant blood enzymes. As a result of the analysis of scientific research, it was established that these enzymes include superoxidedismutase, catalase, glutathioneperoxidase, and glutathionetransferase. \u0000Superoxidedismutase is an antioxidant enzyme that plays a crucial role in protecting cells from the harmful effects of reactive oxygen species. ROS are produced during normal cellular metabolism and can also be produced in response to stressful conditions. A decrease in the activity of superoxidedismutase in the erythrocytes of combatants may occur due to epigenetic changes in the regulation of this enzyme, which were caused by long-term stressful conditions. \u0000Catalase is another antioxidant enzyme that plays an important role in protecting cells from oxidative stress. Another possible cause may be a change in the expression of the genes that code for catalase, which leads to a decrease in the level of the enzyme. \u0000Glutathioneperoxidase is an antioxidant enzyme that helps protect cells from oxidative stress by catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to less harmful compounds. Stressful conditions, in particular combat operations, can lead to an increase in the formation of reactive oxygen species and a decrease in antioxidant defense mechanisms, including glutathioneperoxidase. \u0000Glutathionetransferase catalyzes the conjugation of glutathione, a tripeptide consisting of glutamate, cysteine, and glyc","PeriodicalId":86625,"journal":{"name":"The Glaxo volume; an occasional contribution to the science and art of medicine","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89147742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF THE PLANT ADAPTOGENE \"VICTORIN\" ON THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM IN PERSONS WITH INCREASED THERMAL SENSITIVITY.","authors":"Вікторія Гук, Степан Вадзюк","doi":"10.21802/artm.2023.2.26.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/artm.2023.2.26.8","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000Abstract. Introduction. Global warming is the most urgent environmental problem today. It has been established that the optimal functioning of the cardiovascular system is necessary for the survival of the human body in the conditions of climate change. Such means as adaptogens are used to increase the body's resistance to adverse environmental factors. \u0000The aim of the study. To study the influence of the plant adaptogen \"Victorin\" on the functional state of the cardiovascular system of healthy individuals with increased sensitivity to heat. \u0000Research materials and methods. 14 healthy students aged 17-20 years with increased sensitivity to temperature were selected. All persons were suggested to use 1 capsule of the herbal preparation \"Victorin\" daily in the first half of the day for 30 days. Assessment of subjective changes in the general state, well-being and functional state of the cardiovascular system using the Robinson index, the index of the response of the cardiovascular system to psycho-emotional stress, the Kerdo index, determination of adaptation potential according to the method of R.M. Baevsky was conducted on the 1st, 15th and 30th days of the study. \u0000Research results. All those examined on the 30th day of the study noted that they feel better heat tolerance, feel more comfortable in conditions of increased ambient temperature. The established tendency to decrease the average value of the Robinson index by 10 n.u. (10.1%), compared to the 1st day of the study. The average value of the index of the response of the cardiovascular system to psycho-emotional stress on the 30th day decreased by 0.147 n.u. (11%) (p<0.01). After a 30-day intake of the plant adaptogen \"Victorin\", a decrease in the tone of the sympathetic nervous system and its shift towards autonomous balance was revealed. The value of adaptation potential on the 30th day of the study is 9.3% less, compared to the initial indicators (р<0.01). \u0000Conclusions. Taking a plant adaptogen in people with a higher sensitivity to heat caused a tendency to increase the reserve capacity of the cardiovascular system and its more economical activity, contributed to an increase in stress resistance, a decrease in the tone of the sympathetic nervous system, and an increase in the adaptation potential. \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":86625,"journal":{"name":"The Glaxo volume; an occasional contribution to the science and art of medicine","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88480411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE SURGEON'S PERSPECTIVE ON PORTAL VEIN THROMBOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH LIVER CIRRHOSIS","authors":"S. Vasyliuk, V. Hudyvok, І.R. Labiak, N. Pavliuk, V. Atamaniuk","doi":"10.21802/artm.2023.1.25.152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/artm.2023.1.25.152","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the key aspects of the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of portal vein thrombosis in patients with liver cirrhosis. The prevalence of portal vein thrombosis in individuals with liver cirrhosis ranges from 0.6 % to 26 %, with a higher incidence observed in those with decompensated cirrhosis. Symptoms of portal vein thrombosis are often nonspecific. Approximately one-third of patients with this condition experience no symptoms, and the detection of a thrombus is usually an incidental finding during computed tomography or ultrasound examinations. \u0000Acute portal vein thrombosis is characterized by abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant, non-bloody diarrhea, or acute intestinal obstruction when there is symptomatic dilatation of the superior mesenteric vein. On the other hand, chronic portal vein thrombosis manifests through signs of portal hypertension, such as esophageal and gastric bleeding, deterioration of portal gastropathy, splenomegaly, pancytopenia, and significant ascites. \u0000The first-line treatment for portal vein thrombosis involves the use of direct and indirect anticoagulants. However, their administration necessitates careful consideration of the risk of intraluminal bleeding, the severity of cirrhosis, and the potential benefits of portal vein recanalization. Mechanical thrombectomy can serve as an alternative to long-term anticoagulant therapy for portal vein thrombosis. In cases of portal vein thrombosis in patients with cirrhosis, after mechanical thrombectomy and thrombolysis, the placement of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is often performed. \u0000To conclude, portal vein thrombosis frequently occurs in patients with liver cirrhosis, and its appearance is challenging to predict due to its multifactorial nature. The preferred initial treatment for acute portal vein thrombosis, in the absence of intraluminal bleeding or intestinal ischemia, involves the use of direct and indirect anticoagulants. Minimally invasive surgical options, such as mechanical thrombectomy, chemical thrombolysis, and TIPS placement (with or without variceal embolization), are currently available. However, due to the heterogeneous nature of the existing data and the lack of randomized controlled trials, definitive recommendations regarding the optimal treatment strategy are not yet available. \u0000Keywords: cirrhosis, coagulopathy, portal hypertension, portal vein thrombosis, anticoagulants.","PeriodicalId":86625,"journal":{"name":"The Glaxo volume; an occasional contribution to the science and art of medicine","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82361478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATION OF THE THERAPEUTIC ALLIANCE IN PATIENTS WITH ADHESIVES CAPSULITIS AND MYOFASCIAL PAIN SYNDROME AFTER PHYSICAL THERAPY","authors":"A. P. Rusanov, V. Vitomskyi","doi":"10.21802/artm.2023.2.26.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/artm.2023.2.26.116","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The purpose of the study: to investigate the therapeutic alliance that is formed during physical therapy based on therapeutic exercises and ischemic compression in patients with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder joint and myofascial pain syndrome in the thoracic region. \u0000Materials and methods. 20 patients participated in the study. None of the patients had a history of intra-articular corticosteroid injections prior to the orthopedic physician's consultation, while 7 (35%) patients received the injection after the physician's consultation prior to physical therapy. Physical therapy began after an examination and consultation with an orthopedic traumatologist. Patients received a physical therapist's consultation, during which they were given information about the specifics of performing therapeutic exercises and ischemic compression of trigger points at home through instruction, demonstration, and trial performance. The patient also received an information booklet. Later, exercises and ischemic compression were performed at home independently. The complex of therapeutic exercises included pendulum exercises and stretching exercises, which were aimed at the shoulder joint and did not aim to move the scapulothoracic joint. Planned counseling of patients by a physical therapist also took place at the beginning of the 2nd and 3rd week of therapy, and the final one at the end of the 3rd week. At all consultations, in addition to providing and clarifying information about physical therapy, information was also received from the patient about the presence of questions, thoughts and feelings related to physical therapy to prevent the existence of unanswered questions and unexpressed thoughts. \u0000Goniometry of the shoulder joint and assessment of pain on a numerical scale at trigger points (when applying pressure of 2.5 kg×cm-2) were used before the intervention and after three weeks of physical therapy. The first assessment of the therapeutic alliance was conducted after three weeks of physical therapy, and the second 1.5 months after the first questionnaire. \u0000Results. In the course of physical therapy, the indicators of movement amplitudes improved and pain in trigger points decreased statistically. The first assessment of the therapeutic alliance established that the Mе (25%; 75%) indicators of the goal domain were 16 (15; 17) points, the task domain was 15 (14; 17) points, the relationship domain was 16 (15; 17) points, and re-evaluation did not establish changes in key indicators in the distant period. The goals domain scores decreased slightly, while the task and relationship domains increased slightly. Statistical differences were established only in the eighth (in favor of the first questionnaire), ninth and twelfth points of the questionnaire (in favor of the second questionnaire). \u0000Conclusions. Physical therapy, which consisted of a series of consultations and independent performance of therapeutic exercises and ischemic compression, h","PeriodicalId":86625,"journal":{"name":"The Glaxo volume; an occasional contribution to the science and art of medicine","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77337304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROBLEMS AND VECTORS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGAN DONATION AND TRANSPLANTATION IN UKRAINE","authors":"G. Kovtun","doi":"10.21802/artm.2023.1.25.158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/artm.2023.1.25.158","url":null,"abstract":"Organ transplantation is a field of medicine that has been continuously developing in the world for the past 50 years. For the development of the system of organ donation and transplantation in the conditions of its formation in Ukraine, a scientific justification of its problems of an organizational and managerial nature is needed, as well as a search for development vectors. Today, transplantology has become one of the most science-intensive and dynamically developing medical technologies. Organ transplantation makes it possible to provide effective assistance to such patients who were previously doomed to inevitable death or severe disability. \u0000The aim is to determine the problems and vectors of optimization of the organ donation and transplantation system in Ukraine. \u0000Materials and methods. To achieve the goals set, the work uses general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, interpretation of scientific data, as well as methods for the unity of the logical development of socio-economic systems, a systematic approach, and dialectical principles of comparison. \u0000Results. The article presents evidence-based directions for the development of the system of organ donation and transplantation, which allow optimizing its organizational potential. They are based on a set of interrelated forms and technologies of the production process of the functioning of the modern system of organ donation and transplantation. They make it possible to determine the organizational, managerial, socio-economic tool for the development of the sphere of organ donation and transplantation. \u0000Transplantation is needed by the country, and it is the responsibility of the state to the people. The government needs to correctly form an idea about transplantology, it is necessary to develop a national strategy for the development of this discipline. strategy is not there yet. \u0000The main vector of the development of transplantology in Ukraine is the creation of a national concept of organ donation and transplantation, as a system of scientific views on transplantology. this vector determines the main ideas and directions of its development, which forms the ideological base of the medical staff, which changes the traditional views of the public on donation. \u0000For the majority of the population and medical professionals, the moral problems of modern transplantology are a matter of solving moral problems arising in the field of manipulation of the human body, both living and dead. In this field, the union of society, state and church is needed to define the right to dispose of one's body, even after death, to respect the human body, which is part of its human essence, and to increase donation. \u0000Conclusions. Despite the fact that in recent decades Ukraine has seen the development of the field of transplantation, there are also a number of problems of an organizational nature. To make a significant breakthrough in the development of organ transplantation in Ukraine, i","PeriodicalId":86625,"journal":{"name":"The Glaxo volume; an occasional contribution to the science and art of medicine","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85219662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDIES ON THE ACUTE TOXICITY OF THE EXTRACTS OF GENTIANA ASCLEPIADEA L","authors":"N. Hrytsyk, H. Ersteniuk","doi":"10.21802/artm.2023.2.26.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/artm.2023.2.26.29","url":null,"abstract":"The search and creation of new medicinal products based on plant raw materials is one of the important tasks of medicine and pharmacy. Toxicological studies are an important stage in the development of new medicinal products. Studies on the acute toxicity make it possible to obtain information about the danger of the studied drug in the conditions of short-term studies and the prospects for conducting further tests. \u0000Gentiana (G.) asclepiadea, which has long been used in traditional medicine, is promising for research and further creation of medicinal products. \u0000The aim is to study the acute toxicity of liquid and thick extracts of Gentiana asсlepiadea roots. \u0000Materials and methods. The objects of the study were liquid and thick extracts of the roots of G. аsсlepiadea, which were obtained from the crushed roots by the method of remaceration with 40% ethanol, followed by evaporation for a thick extract. \u0000The acute toxicity of G. asсlepiadea roots extracts in order to determine the LD50 was studied in accordance with the methodological recommendations of the State Pharmacological Center of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine on male mice by a single intragastric injection. The animals were divided into four groups of 6 animals each. Animals of group I (intact animals) were given drinking water; animals of the II group were injected with 40 % ethanol; animals of III and IV groups were injected with liquid and thick extracts of G. asсlepiadea roots, respectively. The studied extracts, 40 % ethanol and drinking water were injected intragastrically at a dose of 25 ml/kg. \u0000The animals were observed for 14 days. The degree of toxicity of the extracts was assessed by changes in the general condition of the animals, lethality, the effect of the extract on the dynamics of the body weight of the animals, macroscopic signs of internal organs, their mass coefficients were calculated, hematological and some biochemical blood parameters were determined. \u0000Results of the research. No deaths of animals were noted, appearance and behavioral reactions did not differ from intact animals with a single intragastric injection of G. asсlepiadea roots extracts at a dose of 25 ml/kg. During the observation period, there was a physiological increase in the body weight of the animals relative to the initial data. Macroscopic examination of the internal organs of animals revealed no pathological changes, the mass coefficients of internal organs did not differ from intact animals, which indicates the absence of hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effects when taking extracts of G. asсlepiadea. The lack of toxic effect of G. asсlepiadea extracts is confirmed by hematological and biochemical indicators, since the number of leukocytes, erythrocytes, hemoglobin level, activity of ALT and AST in the blood of the animals of the experimental groups were within the parameters of intact animals. \u0000Thus, the maximum administered dose of the liquid root extract of G. asclepiadea in terms of dry matt","PeriodicalId":86625,"journal":{"name":"The Glaxo volume; an occasional contribution to the science and art of medicine","volume":"53 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91064153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL EXPRESSION OF GFAP, GS, AQP4, ALZHEIMER-2-ASTROCYTOSIS AND BRAIN AMMONIA LEVELS IN DECEASED SEPTIC PATIENTS WITHOUT LIVER FAILURE AND THOSE WITH SEPSIS-ASSOCIATED LIVER INJURY","authors":"T. Shulyatnikova, V. Tumanskiy","doi":"10.21802/artm.2023.2.26.138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/artm.2023.2.26.138","url":null,"abstract":"Sepsis-associated liver injury (SALI) induces secondary hepatotoxic brain damage, complementing the mechanisms of sepsis-associated encephalopathy. In these conditions, astrocytes play one of the central roles as being the main homeostatic glia and key cells to metabolize ammonia in the brain. \u0000The aim of the study was to determine the ammonia levels and reactive astroglial changes in the brain of deceased septic patients without liver failure and deceased patients with sepsis-associated liver injury. \u0000Materials and methods. Sectional material of 40 patients who died from abdominal sepsis was studied. Case histories were analyzed according to the SOFA scale with accent on the brain and liver disfunction confirmation and excluding kidney insufficiency. Septic cases designed two main comparison groups: 1) sepsis without SALI («non-SALI», n = 20); 2) sepsis with SALI («SALI», n = 20). Control group included autopsy material of 30 deceased patients with cardiovascular pathology with no inflammatory, metabolic or toxic comorbidity. In paraffin sections of the postmortem brain cortex, white matter, hippocampus, thalamus, striatum, and cerebellum, it was determined: i) immunohistochemical expression of GFAP, GS, and AQP4; ii) histochemical expression of tissue ammonia with Nessler's reagent according to V. Gutiérrez-de-Juan et al. (2017); iii) Що це за позначення ?numbers of Alzheimer type 2 astrocytes (AA2). \u0000Results. In the «non-SALI» group, it is found increased level of all the studied parameters: i) elevated GFAP in six brain regions with the highest growth in the cortex – by 8.46 times; ii) elevated GS in the thalamus and cerebellum (by 1.96 and 1.29 times, respectively); iii) elevated AQP4 in six brain regions with the highest rise in the cortex – by 3 times; iv) elevated histochemical ammonia expression in the thalamus, striatum, and cerebellum (by 1.29, 1.20, and 1.17 times, respectively); v) increased AA2 numbers in the cortex and thalamus (by 2.32 and 1.53 times, respectively). The «SALI» group is characterized by the decreased GFAP expression in six brain regions, with the lowest values in thalamus, striatum, and cerebellum. Herewith, in six brain regions increased levels are typical for: i) GS expression, with maximal aggravation in the cortex and thalamus (by 3.20 and 3.18 times, respectively); ii) AQP4 expression, with maximal increase in thalamus and white matter (by 4.37 and 4.21 times, respectively); iii) histochemical ammonia expression with maximal enhancement in thalamus and cerebellum (by 4.33 and 4.27 times, respectively); iv) severity of AA2-astrocytosis with maximal rates in the cortex and striatum (increase by 3.58 and 3.23 times, respectively). \u0000Conclusions. In the brain of deceased septic patients without liver failure, a heterogeneously increased expression of GFAP, AQP4 and GS is observed which is accompanied by a slight increase in the level of tissue ammonia and weak AA2-astrocytosis. In deceased septic patients with seps","PeriodicalId":86625,"journal":{"name":"The Glaxo volume; an occasional contribution to the science and art of medicine","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91189433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"QUALITY OF LIFE OF WOMEN AFTER CAESAREAN SECTION WHO HAD CORONAVIRUS DISEASE DURING PREGNANCY AS AN INDICATOR OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A PHYSICAL THERAPY PROGRAM","authors":"I. Vypasniak, Z. Ostapyak, Yu.O. Polatayko","doi":"10.21802/artm.2023.2.26.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21802/artm.2023.2.26.14","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Purpose: to determine the effectiveness of restoring the state of health of women with post-COVID-19 syndrome, who underwent cesarean section, based on the dynamics of parameters of quality of life. \u0000Methods 44 women were examined at the beginning of the late postpartum period. The control group consisted of 15 women who gave birth vaginally and did not suffer from COVID-19 during pregnancy and observation. The comparison group consisted of 15 women after cesarean section who suffered from COVID-19 during pregnancy, recovered during pregnancy and the postpartum period according to general recommendations for the rehabilitation of patients with coronavirus infection. The main group consisted of 14 women after caesarean section, suffered from COVID-19 during pregnancy, performed a proven program of physical therapy for 2 months using breathing therapeutic exercises, therapeutic exercises with elements of yoga for the muscles of the back, abdomen, upper and lower limbs, taking into account movement limitations due to a scar of the anterior abdominal wall; massage of the chest, back, abdomen; aromatherapy sessions; autogenic training sessions. They tried to restore the state of women through the normalizing effect of the applied agents on the hormonal background and psycho-emotional state, reducing the feeling of bodily discomfort, general strengthening of the body, accelerating the recovery of the organs of the abdominal cavity and pelvis, accelerating adaptation to changes in habitual activity due to a violation daily routine and childcare needs. The condition of the women was assessed by the results of the EQ-5D-5L and EQ-VAS. \u0000Research results In all women, regardless of the method of delivery, at the beginning of the late postpartum period, a decrease in quality of life was noted in all sections of the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. Results in women after caesarean section compared to vaginal delivery were on average twice as bad (p<0.05) on all subscales – mobility, self-care, usual daily activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression. According to the low assessment of individual subscales, women defined their general state of health quite low on a 100-point scale. At the same time, women who underwent caesarean section reported a statistically significantly worse level of health compared to women after vaginal delivery (p<0.05). \u0000During re-examination, the best result in terms of all studied parameters was found by women of the control group, who demonstrated the dynamics of the normal course of the postpartum period after vaginal delivery. \u0000The results of the women of the main group according to EQ-5D-5L subscales, EQ-VAS which were determined, were statistically significantly better than those of the women of the comparison group. This testifies to the advantages of the rehabilitation program for the correction of the symptoms of post-COVID-19 syndrome in women who underwent cesarean section, which was created taking into account their ","PeriodicalId":86625,"journal":{"name":"The Glaxo volume; an occasional contribution to the science and art of medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82972168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}