Australian Veterinary Journal最新文献

{"title":"Antimicrobial use and prescribing practices by equine veterinarians in Australia: Insights into reproduction, dentistry, compounding and use for nonbactericidal effects","authors":"LY Hardefeldt,&nbsp;K Thomas,&nbsp;L Begg","doi":"10.1111/avj.13428","DOIUrl":"10.1111/avj.13428","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a problem for equine practitioners in Australia, but antimicrobial use in practice has been largely understudied. We aimed to evaluate equine veterinarians' intentions of prescribing antimicrobials in areas where we perceived there to be wide ranges of practice – dentistry, reproduction and for nonbactericidal effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An online cross-sectional survey of veterinarians working in equine practice was conducted over 4 months in 2023 and 2024. Antimicrobial use, including compounding practices, for reproductive and dental disorders, and nonbactericidal effects were investigated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Responses were received from 134 equine practitioners in Australia. Most respondents reported using common equine antimicrobials (trimethoprim sulphonamide (TMS), penicillin and gentamicin). Low- and medium-importance-rated antimicrobials predominated for dental and reproductive disorders although there were some reported uses of high-importance agents, including some not registered for use in horses. Prescribing compounded antimicrobials was common (70% of respondents). Antimicrobials were also reported to be used for contracted tendons, matrix metalloprotease inhibition, anti-inflammatory and antiendotoxic and other nonbacteriocidal effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although antimicrobial prescribing patterns varied, most respondents reported using common equine antimicrobials. Antimicrobial guidelines may assist in aligning practice and reducing inappropriate antimicrobial use in horses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":"103 6","pages":"307-313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/avj.13428","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143498161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haematological and serum biochemical reference interval for free-ranging northern bettongs (Bettongia tropica) in far north Queensland","authors":"A Olsson,&nbsp;A Allanson,&nbsp;F L'Hotellier","doi":"10.1111/avj.13429","DOIUrl":"10.1111/avj.13429","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The northern bettong, <i>Bettongia tropica</i>, is an endangered potoroid recognised as a specialist consumer of underground ectomycorrhizal fungi important to wet sclerophyll forest at the interface with tropical rainforest. In line with identified recovery objectives of re-establishing populations within the species' former range, a founder population was translocated to a feral predator-free fenced exclosure within previously occupied habitat to the south of its current range. No published reference intervals for haematology and serum biochemistry exist for this species. Establishing reference intervals provides a valuable tool for health assessment of founder animals and investigations into population health and disease during ongoing monitoring of populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To develop reference intervals for haematology and serum biochemistry parameters in northern bettongs, <i>Bettongia tropica.</i></p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Haematological and serum biochemical reference intervals were determined from 39 healthy northern bettongs captured across the Lamb Range region of north Queensland. Routine haematological and biochemical parameters were analysed, including blood gases and lactate, which indicate metabolic changes associated with stress.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Haematological and serum biochemical parameters were similar to those reported from other potoroids, except for haematocrit and serum protein, which were elevated. Stress parameters were within normal limits. Macropod herpesvirus and Toxoplasma gondii were not detected.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Translocated northern bettongs were in good general health, and data collected at the time of capture were sufficient to establish a preliminary reference interval for the species. This provides baseline information by which to monitor health and welfare of the translocated population, and will contribute to health monitoring of other extant populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":"103 7","pages":"401-406"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/avj.13429","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical treatment of sand enteropathy with psyllium, magnesium sulphate and paraffin oil in 54 Western Australian equids","authors":"IG Entwisle,&nbsp;EJ McConnell","doi":"10.1111/avj.13406","DOIUrl":"10.1111/avj.13406","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sand enteropathy describes the clinical signs attributed to accumulation of sand in the gastrointestinal tract. Psyllium combined with magnesium sulphate has been recommended for clearing intestinal sand, but this has only been evaluated in one population. The combination of these two agents with paraffin oil has not been investigated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the effectiveness of paraffin oil, psyllium and magnesium sulphate combined in clearing intestinal sand in horses diagnosed with sand enteropathy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Study Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective case series.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Medical records of horses presenting for sand enteropathy that underwent treatment with psyllium, paraffin oil and magnesium sulphate were reviewed. Area of sand was calculated from abdominal radiographs. Treatment was deemed a success if more than 75% of the sand area was cleared.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were 52 horses and 2 donkeys included in the study. Daily treatment with psyllium at 1 g/kg, 6–8 mL/kg of paraffin oil, and magnesium sulphate at 1 g/kg by nasogastric intubation, was successful in clearing intestinal sand accumulation in 81% of equids over a median of 4 days (interquartile range 3–5 days). Success rate was lower in Miniatures Ponies (44%). Complications were common (30%) but were generally mild or self-limiting.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Limitations</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective nature of study design. Limited to cases that consented to sand clearance treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The combination of psyllium, magnesium sulphate and paraffin oil was effective at clearing intestinal sand in most cases. Miniature Ponies had a poorer response to treatment compared with other breeds and may be at increased risk of treatment failure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":"103 4","pages":"159-162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An exceptional case of peritoneal cystic echinococcosis in a domestic cat in Australia","authors":"S Abdullah,&nbsp;H Kang,&nbsp;S Goodwin,&nbsp;A Dadhich,&nbsp;D McGilp,&nbsp;J Thomson,&nbsp;MK Jones","doi":"10.1111/avj.13427","DOIUrl":"10.1111/avj.13427","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A case of peritoneal cystic echinococcosis (CE) in a domestic cat was reported from Queensland, Australia. Physical examination of the cat indicated a large, distended abdomen, which when palpated appeared to be fluid-filled. Ultrasonography showed numerous cysts with hyperechoic walls and anechoic contents within the cat's abdominal cavity. Whole mount microscopy and histology, together with molecular identification of the contents based on mitochondrial DNA gene sequencing indicated that the causative agent was <i>Echinococcus granulosus</i> (<i>sensu stricto</i>) (genotype G1). Moreover, the cat was also found infected with Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV). It is surmised that FeLV-induced immunosuppression could have led to the development of CE in this cat. This is the first report of CE in a FeLV infected cat in Australia.</p>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":"103 5","pages":"254-260"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/avj.13427","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the prevalence of the dog erythrocyte antigen 1 blood type in dogs of Sydney","authors":"RM Reynolds,&nbsp;JL Cooper,&nbsp;TE Eurell","doi":"10.1111/avj.13425","DOIUrl":"10.1111/avj.13425","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of dog erythrocyte antigen 1 (DEA 1) blood type in Sydney and to identify any associations between its prevalence and breed, sex and geographic location of these dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a retrospective study of 225 dogs that underwent DEA 1 blood typing while donating or receiving blood products at a single institution between 2020 and 2024. Dogs were DEA 1 positive or negative and blood donors or recipients. Logistic regression was used to evaluate differences in the prevalence of DEA 1 positive results between sex, breed and geographic location. Significance was set at P &lt; 0.05. Reasons for blood transfusion, blood product administered and age were documented.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the dogs that were blood typed (n = 225), 48% (108/225) were DEA 1 positive and 52% (117/225) DEA 1 negative, 105 (46.7%) were donors and 120 (53.3%) recipients. The highest prevalence of DEA 1 type positivity was observed in the Golden Retriever (8/9, 88.9%). Recipients presented primarily for haemorrhage (57/120, 47.5%), most frequently receiving whole blood (89/120, 74.2%) with minimal adverse reactions (3/120, 2.5%). No significant differences were identified in prevalence of DEA 1 positive dogs between breed groups, six most common breeds, sex, geographical location or DEA 1 negative blood types.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of the DEA 1 blood type in this cohort of dogs in Sydney is comparable to other countries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":"103 5","pages":"231-239"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood culture isolates and antimicrobial sensitivities from 1621 critically ill neonatal foals (2005–2022)","authors":"JA Flood,&nbsp;NM Collins,&nbsp;CM Russell,&nbsp;RS Cuming,&nbsp;JB Carrick,&nbsp;LA Cudmore","doi":"10.1111/avj.13423","DOIUrl":"10.1111/avj.13423","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sepsis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal foals. Administration of appropriate antimicrobials and early aggressive supportive treatment is central to the efficacious treatment of neonatal sepsis and has proven to positively influence outcomes. The primary aim of our study was to evaluate microorganism results and antimicrobial sensitivities of neonatal foals with a positive blood culture submitted to our intensive care unit (ICU) during 2005–2022. The secondary aim was to compare the results to those of a similar previous study performed at the same ICU during 1999–2004.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective analysis of bacterial blood culture results from neonatal foals ≤7 days of age admitted to Scone Equine Hospital between 2005 and 2022 was analysed. Samples were collected at admission. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing was assessed using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. Susceptibility results from the two study periods were compared using Fisher's exact tests. Statistical significance was achieved at P value &lt;0.05.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From 1621 blood cultures submitted, 380 returned a positive result (380/1621; 23.4%). A total of 402 bacterial isolates were recovered: 55.5% Gram-positive isolates (223/402), 42.6% Gram-negative isolates (171/402) and 1.7% anaerobic isolates (7/409). A significant increase in Gram-positive isolates between time periods was observed (P = 0.002). Gram-negative isolates had significant increases of resistance in seven out of nine antimicrobials tested.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides Australian veterinarians with information on common bacterial pathogens in critically ill neonatal foals to assist with making informed empirical antimicrobial choices to optimise treatment efficacy. Increases in bacterial resistance to commonly administered antimicrobials were observed; therefore, culture and sensitivity testing should guide antimicrobial choices. Judicious use of antimicrobials in equine practice is imperative.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":"103 4","pages":"163-170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Categorising reported errors and incidents from morbidity and mortality meetings (M&Ms) in a small animal multi-specialty veterinary teaching hospital","authors":"G Giles,&nbsp;LA Boland,&nbsp;N Kirkwood,&nbsp;MP Ward,&nbsp;A Quain","doi":"10.1111/avj.13426","DOIUrl":"10.1111/avj.13426","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Errors in veterinary clinical settings can lead to patient harm. Morbidity and mortality meetings (M&amp;Ms) are forums to discuss errors and incidents that can lead or have led to adverse outcomes, potential harm or unsafe conditions, with the purpose of improving patient safety in future. Despite growing implementation of M&amp;Ms in veterinary medicine, their effectiveness in improving future patient safety may be constrained by the need for absolute confidentiality during meetings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To pilot the use of a simple framework to categorise errors and incidents triggering M&amp;Ms in a multi-specialty Australian veterinary teaching hospital.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective analysis of deidentified M&amp;M summaries over 5 years (2018–2023) from a small animal multi-specialty veterinary teaching hospital. Animal demographic and incident information were extracted, classified by incident type and severity of harm adapted from Wallis and colleagues (2019). Descriptive statistics were produced for error category, severity, incident type and quarter of the year they occurred in. Recommendations were analysed using codebook thematic analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were 68 cases in total. The most common overall errors were oversight (n = 26/25.0%), drug (n = 20/19.2%), iatrogenic (n = 17, 16.3%) and staff (n = 17, 16.3%). Most cases resulted in temporary harm (n = 36, 52.9%), though 20.6% (n = 14) resulted in death, euthanasia or permanent harm. The most frequent recommendations were ‘improving communications and record keeping’, improving staff training’ and ‘ensuring appropriate equipment is available’.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Categorisation of errors using this simple framework can facilitate sharing of information which can be used to refine practices and improve animal safety, without compromising confidentiality of M&amp;M meetings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":"103 5","pages":"267-275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/avj.13426","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term evaluation of renal biochemical parameters in dogs completing chemotherapy for lymphoma","authors":"L Venman,&nbsp;T Sparks,&nbsp;A Swallow","doi":"10.1111/avj.13419","DOIUrl":"10.1111/avj.13419","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To identify if chemotherapeutic drugs in the CHOP-based protocol led to an increase in renal parameters in dogs with lymphoma during therapy and investigate whether factors such as prednisolone use or age affected this result.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were obtained retrospectively from private referral practice records of dogs diagnosed with lymphoma receiving a CHOP-based chemotherapy protocol between 2015 and 2019. Dogs included received a CHOP-based protocol as their first treatment, received four full cycles and were in remission at the end of the protocol. Blood samples obtained at baseline and at the time of final chemotherapy administration were analysed for serum biochemistry and haematology including creatinine, urea, phosphate, sodium, potassium, calcium, albumin, total protein, haematocrit, neutrophil and platelet count. Data were analysed using paired <i>t</i>-tests. Changes in the same measures were investigated for possible age effects using Pearson correlations. Changes in these measures were compared between dogs receiving or not receiving prednisolone using 2-sample t-tests without the assumption of equal variances. Changes were jointly compared to both age and prednisolone use in general linear models. Significance was taken as <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty dogs met the inclusion criteria. No significant changes in serum creatinine concentrations were observed. Increased serum albumin concentration at the end of treatment was observed in younger dogs not receiving prednisolone.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Impact/Clinical significance</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Short-term changes in renal parameters following a CHOP-based chemotherapy protocol in dogs were not observed. Further prospective studies are warranted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Declaration of interest</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No funding was received and no conflict of interest to declare.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":"103 5","pages":"240-245"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causes of mortality and morbidity in the endangered southern brown bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus obesulus)","authors":"AJ Breidahl,&nbsp;E Jansen,&nbsp;E McKee,&nbsp;S Maclagan,&nbsp;J Charles,&nbsp;J Samuel,&nbsp;I Beveridge,&nbsp;P Whiteley,&nbsp;R Traub,&nbsp;J Hufschmid","doi":"10.1111/avj.13417","DOIUrl":"10.1111/avj.13417","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The southern brown bandicoot (<i>Isoodon obesulus obesulus</i>) is a small, endangered, Australian, ground-dwelling marsupial. Apart from isolated necropsy reports, there has not been a systematic investigation into the health and causes of death for this species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate and document the causes of death and the parasites of free-ranging populations of southern brown bandicoots in southern, central Victoria, Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gross necropsy, histopathology and identification of ectoparasites and endoparasites were performed on 62 dead southern brown bandicoots opportunistically collected from July 2011 to January 2018. Molecular methods were used to detect and genetically characterise the presence of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> in select tissues.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The vast majority of animals died as a result of either motor vehicle trauma or predation (45/62). A further seven bandicoots died from varying causes with either diagnostic gross or microscopic evidence of pathology, and there were five ejected pouch young. The cause of death was undetermined in another five cases. <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> was detected in one southern brown bandicoot, which demonstrated polymorphisms in the B1 and SAG3 genes. This is the first definitively documented case of <i>T</i>. <i>gondii</i> infection in this species in Victoria. All of the identified parasites have previously been reported in southern brown bandicoots, apart from a metastrongyloid lungworm, which is reported here for the first time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Motor vehicle trauma and predation are highlighted as causes of fatality that likely threaten these populations of southern brown bandicoots. Further investigation into the role that disease, particularly toxoplasmosis, may be playing in southern brown bandicoot population decline is recommended.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":"103 3","pages":"138-148"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/avj.13417","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperkalaemia during a general anaesthetic in a 5-year-old domestic short-haired cat","authors":"T Kurniawan,&nbsp;R Nilsen,&nbsp;R Ong,&nbsp;EA Drynan","doi":"10.1111/avj.13420","DOIUrl":"10.1111/avj.13420","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This case report details an incident of hyperkalaemia that developed under general anaesthesia in a domestic cat with no prior health concerns. A 5-year-old male neutered domestic short-haired cat presented for dental extractions and subsequently developed severe bradycardia and electrocardiographic abnormalities during the procedure. Initial treatment with atropine provided limited improvement, and further investigation revealed a serum potassium concentration of 7.7 mmol/L. Despite interventions, the anaesthetic procedure was aborted due to persistent hyperkalaemia. The cat recovered smoothly postoperatively with complete resolution of hyperkalaemia. This case highlights the importance of monitoring serum potassium levels and electrocardiographic changes in anaesthetised feline patients. Anaesthesia-associated hyperkalaemia in domestic cats is a condition that is under-recognised in Australia. Future studies should focus on the mechanisms behind this electrolyte disturbance, as well as establishing preventive measures and management protocols during general anaesthesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":"103 5","pages":"246-249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143021835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}