Actualidad medica最新文献

{"title":"Integrating scientific with histologic and embryologic competencies","authors":"A. E. D’Ottavio-Cattani","doi":"10.15568/am.2021.813.or01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15568/am.2021.813.or01","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Given the relevance of scientific training in undergraduates whatever their future professional practice and viewing that consistent bibliographic usually limit scientific training to a component of the medical curriculum, this approach intends to go a step further seizing each discipline of the medical curriculum for developing progressively scientific competencies. In this context, a strategy, integrating scientific and disciplinary competencies (in this case, Histology and Embryology), is presented Material and Method: The strategy was applied for fifteen years to 2000 ± 500 students per year while they were studying Histology and Embryology, one of the first-year disciplines. It included planning steps carried out by Ph.D. professors as well as the implementing and evaluating ones in charge of these professors and properly trained teachers Results: Averages of percentages of enrolled students who did not start the course, who dropped out before being able to take the final disciplinary evaluation, who could take it and who were promoted to the second year during fifteen years are registered. Likewise, an average of 80% of them satisfied with this strategy and the positive impact on the corresponding competencies of Biology, another first-year discipline, are also recorded. Conclusions: This strategy, implemented between 1986 and 2001, proved viable and fruitfully relevant until a curricular transformation limited its continuation without generating its equivalent replacement. Beyond the elapsed time since then and the reasons hindering its full accomplishment, this long-standing approach is rescued so that it may eventually be considered and improved by those who may value it profitably for their curricula.","PeriodicalId":86333,"journal":{"name":"Actualidad medica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67207827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the histological and anatomical characteristics of the human oral mucosa. A step towards the developement of tailored-artificial oral mucosa","authors":"M. Ibáñez-Cortés, I. Garzón","doi":"10.15568/am.2021.813.rev01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15568/am.2021.813.rev01","url":null,"abstract":"Several pathologies may affect the histological structure and physiology of the human oral mucosa, being necessary to use oral mucosa grafts. In this context, the scarce number of donors has increased the need to develop artificial substitutes of human oral mucosa, most of them, without attending to the histological differences found in the different anatomical areas of the oral cavity. The objective of the present bibliographic review is to carry out a histological description and a morphological classification of the human oral mucosa and to determine the translational potentiality of the new artificial models of oral mucosa.","PeriodicalId":86333,"journal":{"name":"Actualidad medica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67207923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory involvement in the diagnosis and monitoring of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: a case report","authors":"M. J. Ruíz-Márquez, J. Luis-Navarro","doi":"10.15568/am.2021.812.cc04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15568/am.2021.812.cc04","url":null,"abstract":"Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is a rare non malignant clonal disease, caused by an acquired somatic mutation in a variable number of hematopoietic stem cells, whose consequence is an abnormal sensitivity of blood cells to complement-mediated lysis. It manifests as intravascular hemolytic anemia, a variable degree of bone marrow insufficiency and high thrombotic risk. The effective management of the disease is based on an adequate diagnosis and clinical and laboratory follow-up. Flow cytometry is the method of choice for diagnosis and monitoring of the patient. The only curative treatment is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Eculizumab is the first specific treatment approved for this disease. We present the case of a patient diagnosed with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, wo has recently started treatment with eculizumab. We show the clinical and analytical evolution during the first months of treatment as an assessment of is benefit.","PeriodicalId":86333,"journal":{"name":"Actualidad medica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67207245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abscess of the pontine dorsolateral tegmentum due to E. coli and influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus co-infection","authors":"A. J. L. Ramos-Bossini, L. Fernández-Navarro, M. C. Pérez-García, M. Rivera-Izquierdo","doi":"10.15568/am.2021.812.cc05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15568/am.2021.812.cc05","url":null,"abstract":"Brain stem abscesses are rare entities that predominantly affect the pons. A wide variety of microorganisms may be implied, depending on the focus of dissemination. We present the case of a female patient with multiple comorbidities who developed multi-lobar pneumonia due to influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus during the postoperative period after an emergent cholecystectomy, requiring mechanical ventilation (MV). Following clinical improvement and withdrawal of MV, the patient did not recover consciousness. Forty-eight hours later, imaging exams showed an abscess in the left pontine dorsolateral tegmentum –a region recently associated with coma-. Despite the administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics, the patient died five days later. This case illustrates the importance of considering pontine abscesses as a cause of poor neurological course in critically ill patients, as well as the need for doing imaging exams to rule out intracranial lesions, particularly in coma-associated areas.","PeriodicalId":86333,"journal":{"name":"Actualidad medica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67207253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent hemoperitoneum due to aneurysm of the left hepatic artery. Even \"Ockham's razor\" can fail","authors":"P. Redruello-Guerrero, F. J. Vasserot-Vargas, F. Álamo-Tomillero, A. Cárdenas-Cruz","doi":"10.15568/am.2021.813.cc03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15568/am.2021.813.cc03","url":null,"abstract":"The infection of Klebsiella variicola constituted a high morbility and mortality disease in the most of its guest. It is tended to be associated with a septic shock which required an intensive treatment most of the times. The pathological mechanisms are not well-defined. A correlation has been made between this clinical case and one likely pathogenicity factor, which could explain these rates. We present the case of a male patient who presented to the emergency department with a septic shock. The patient eventually developed an hemoperitoneum by the aneurysm of the left hepatic artery which is very unusual.","PeriodicalId":86333,"journal":{"name":"Actualidad medica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67207478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colonic obstruction secondary to gallstone ileus","authors":"L. Frutos-Muñoz, J.M. Arroyo-Argüelles, A. De Vicente-Ortega, S. Romero-Moreno","doi":"10.15568/am.2021.813.cc04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15568/am.2021.813.cc04","url":null,"abstract":"Gallstone ileus is a rare complication of biliary lithiasis that occurs by the formation of some fistula (or fistulas) between the vesicular wall and the gastrointestinal tract, which could lead to intestinal obstruction. The treatment should be individualized according to the characteristics of the patient. Although there are other therapeutic options, surgery is the most appropriate treatment in most of the cases. We present the case of an impacted gallstone ileus in the sigmoid colon of 85-year-old patient with multiple comorbidities. The patient was operated urgently through an infra-umbilical laparotomy performing enterotomy on tapeworm, extraction of the calculus and exteriorization of colostomy in shotgun barrel. The final result was death. A review of the literature is carried out on the case.","PeriodicalId":86333,"journal":{"name":"Actualidad medica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67207560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case report: pneumonia caused by lophomonas","authors":"C. López-Aguilar, G.H. León-Chávez, A. Anlehu-Tello","doi":"10.15568/am.2021.812.cc02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15568/am.2021.812.cc02","url":null,"abstract":"Lophomonas are protozoans that inhabit the intestine of termites and roaches, remaining in the environment as cysts. Once in the human body, these pathogens can cause infections at the level of any organ. This disease is characterized as an opportunistic infection of which have been documented by kidney allograft transplantation, use of corticosteroids, cytotoxic hemotherapy, liver transplantation, allogeneic transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells and infection with the human immunodeficiency virus. Because the mobile cilia could be easily identified as flagellated protozoa, it is considered that the bronchopulmonary samples should be submitted by trichrome stain, Pap smear and Giemsa stain as diagnostic test for pulmonary lophomoniasis. In this report of the clinical case, several immunosuppression factors such as pregnancy, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and systemic lupus erythematosus, which caused pulmonary lophomoniasis, are taken into account.","PeriodicalId":86333,"journal":{"name":"Actualidad medica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67207651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical treatment of Fournier’s Gangrene: debridement and coverage. Series of 7 cases","authors":"J. Perez, M. A. Rodríguez-Cano, J. A. Zapata-Negreiros, M. Ávila-Pérez, E. García-Hortelano, M. J. Espiñeira-Carmona","doi":"10.15568/am.2021.812.or05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15568/am.2021.812.or05","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Fournier’s disease is a type of necrotizing fasciitis, which is quickly progressive and involves mainly the testicular, perineal and perianal areas. Its etiology is polymicrobial, being associated to multiple risk factors.Due to its complexity, its treatment comprises antibiotic therapy, as well as two surgical steps, including the first one various surgical interventions, which consist in aggressive debridement of the nonviable tissue, and a second step, in which the coverage of the resulting defect is undertaken, for which multiple surgical techniques are available, although it has not been clarified which one should be indicated. Objectives: To find out which surgical techniques are used for coverage in Fournier’s disease and the length of the hospital stay that each one associates, as well as the characteristics of the patients with this disease. Material and methods. We selected all the patients whose diagnosis was Gangrene Fournier when discharged form hospital, who also underwent surgical coverage of the resulting defect in the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery in Hospital Reina Sofía of Córdoba, Spain. From these patients, we recollected data about the coverage surgical technique undertaken, length of the hospital stay, demographic characteristics of the patients, associated risk factors, possible precipitating factors, as well as anatomical affected areas. Subsequently, absolute and relative frequencies were calculated. Results. Most patients were middle-advanced aged males. The perineal area was the most common affected one. The most usual risk factors were hypertension and smoking. The split-thickness skin graft was the coverage technique most frequently used. Conclusions. Fournier’s disease is potentially severe illness which requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving multiple surgical operations, as well as a long hospital stay. The coverage surgery presents high heterogeneity, being primary closure, secondary closure, split-thickness skin graft and fascio/musculocutaneous flap considered among the surgical techniques available.","PeriodicalId":86333,"journal":{"name":"Actualidad medica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67207231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of ionizing radiations in diagnostic studies in an institution of health of Ecuador","authors":"R. Cadenas-Martínez, S. Sornoza-Mieles, J. Torres-Puentes","doi":"10.15568/am.2021.812.or02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15568/am.2021.812.or02","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of professionals working in the radiology area of a public hospital in the city of Portoviejo, province of Manabí, Ecuador, on the application of ionizing radiation in diagnostic studies and their involvement in the use of protective measures. Methods: A questionnaire with closed questions was applied on the protection measures adopted by practitioners and the radiation doses they apply to patients, among others, to all occupationally exposed workers of the radiology service of the mentioned hospital. Results: The professionals surveyed show a moderate knowledge about the application of ionizing radiation, regardless of their years of experience and profession. Due to the type of radiological application, professionals only use shielding as a protection measure, but not personal dosimeters during operation with X-ray equipment. Conclusions: Professionals have received similar and adequate training; however, radiation update courses are required, particularly concerning radiation protection.","PeriodicalId":86333,"journal":{"name":"Actualidad medica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67207621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of M. Heidenhain’s ferric haematoxylin for the study of semi-thin sections (human adenohypophysis)","authors":"M.E. Gómez-Navarro, J. M. López-Cepero","doi":"10.15568/am.2021.812.or03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15568/am.2021.812.or03","url":null,"abstract":"Heidenhain´s iron hematoxylin has been one of the most useful methods of classical cytology. Its ability to stain simultaneously many cell and extracellular structures makes it a general purpose histological technique. This current work describes its application to semithin sections, using human adenohypophysis, discussing the staining mechanism and showing his usefulness to evidence cytological variability and to perform image analysis.","PeriodicalId":86333,"journal":{"name":"Actualidad medica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67207668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}