Atherosclerosis最新文献

{"title":"The links between soil and water pollution and cardiovascular disease","authors":"Thomas Münzel ,&nbsp;Marin Kuntic ,&nbsp;Jos Lelieveld ,&nbsp;Michael Aschner ,&nbsp;Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen ,&nbsp;Philip J. Landrigan ,&nbsp;Andreas Daiber","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil and water pollution represent significant threats to global health, ecosystems, and biodiversity. Healthy soils underpin terrestrial ecosystems, supporting food production, biodiversity, water retention, and carbon sequestration. However, soil degradation jeopardizes the health of 3.2 billion people, while over 2 billion live in water-stressed regions. Pollution of soil, air, and water is a leading environmental cause of disease, contributing to over 9 million premature deaths annually. Soil contamination stems from heavy metals, synthetic chemicals, pesticides, and plastics, driven by industrial activity, agriculture, and waste mismanagement. These pollutants induce oxidative stress, inflammation, and hormonal disruption, significantly increasing risks for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular disease (CVD).</div><div>Emerging contaminants like micro- and nanoplastics amplify health risks through cellular damage, oxidative stress, and cardiovascular dysfunction. Urbanization and climate change exacerbate soil degradation through deforestation, overfertilization, and pollution, further threatening ecosystem sustainability and human health. Mitigation efforts, such as reducing chemical exposure, adopting sustainable land-use practices, and advancing urban planning, have shown promise in lowering pollution-related health impacts. Public health initiatives, stricter pollution controls, and lifestyle interventions, including antioxidant-rich diets, can also mitigate risks.</div><div>Pollution remains preventable, as demonstrated by high-income nations implementing cost-effective solutions. Policies like the European Commission's Zero-Pollution Vision aim to reduce pollution to safe levels by 2050, promoting sustainable ecosystems and public health. Addressing soil pollution is critical to combating the global burden of NCDs, particularly CVDs, and fostering a healthier environment for future generations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"403 ","pages":"Article 119160"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Skin autofluorescence, a measure for accumulation of advanced glycation end products, positively associates with blood neutrophil and monocyte counts in the general population, and particularly in men with prediabetes” [Atherosclerosis (2024) 395 117609]","authors":"Anouk G. Groenen ,&nbsp;Benedek Halmos ,&nbsp;Isabelle A. van Zeventer ,&nbsp;Jonas B. Salzbrunn ,&nbsp;Marianne L. Mayer ,&nbsp;Nikita D. La Rose ,&nbsp;Ilja M. Nolte ,&nbsp;Jan Jacob Schuringa ,&nbsp;Gerwin Huls ,&nbsp;Marit Westerterp","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119164","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"403 ","pages":"Article 119164"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic utility of high-sensitivity troponins according to atherosclerotic vascular disease severity","authors":"Julia Rohde ,&nbsp;Fabian J. Brunner ,&nbsp;Alina Goßling ,&nbsp;Hannah Graap ,&nbsp;Natalie Arnold ,&nbsp;Christopher Blaum ,&nbsp;Caroline Kellner ,&nbsp;Luise Pieper ,&nbsp;Lukas Köster ,&nbsp;Thiess Lorenz ,&nbsp;Christoph Waldeyer ,&nbsp;Tanja Zeller ,&nbsp;Stefan Blankenberg ,&nbsp;Benjamin Bay","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASVD) affecting two or more different vascular beds, so called Polyvascular disease (PolyVD), are at an increased risk for adverse outcomes. In those patients, the prognostic utility of high-sensitivity troponin T and I (hsTnT/I) is under-investigated. We therefore aimed to explore the association between hsTnT/I with the extent of ASVD and outcomes in a contemporary cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients undergoing coronary angiography with available hsTnT/I concentrations from the cohort study INTERCATH were included. Subgroups of patients without ASVD, monovascular disease (MVD), and PolyVD were created. Cox regression analyses were computed to investigate the associations of hsTnT/I with the extent of ASVD and clinical outcomes (all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events; MACE).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 2273 included patients, a stepwise increase of both hsTnT and hsTnI was observed according to the extent of ASVD. However, this association was statistically not significant after adjustment. hsTnT and hsTnI were independently associated with all-cause mortality for PolyVD (adjusted hazard ratio per standard deviation for hsTnT: 1.42 [95 %-CI: 1.16, 1.73]; p &lt; 0.001 and hsTnI: 1.38 [1.14, 1.68]; p = 0.0013) and MVD (hsTnT: 1.32 [1.15, 1.51]; p &lt; 0.001 and hsTnI: 1.35 [1.17, 1.56]; p &lt; 0.001), whereas no association of hsTn with MACE was seen across the burden of ASVD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Patients with a greater extent of ASVD had higher concentrations of hsTnT/I and an increased incidence of all-cause mortality as well as MACE. hsTnT/I concentrations were reliably linked to all-cause mortality in patients with ASVD, underscoring the role of biomarkers in risk prediction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"403 ","pages":"Article 119167"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability of different formulas for estimating plasma Apolipoprotein B levels in a large cohort of South European individuals","authors":"Federica Fogacci ,&nbsp;Serra Ilayda Yerlitas Tastan ,&nbsp;Gozde Erturk Zararsiz ,&nbsp;Halef Okan Dogan ,&nbsp;Andrea Balbinot ,&nbsp;Marina Giovannini ,&nbsp;Claudio Borghi ,&nbsp;Gokmen Zararsiz ,&nbsp;Arrigo Francesco Giuseppe Cicero","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Direct measurement of apolipoprotein B (ApoB) is not always standardized and is relatively expensive, making it unavailable in several low-income settings. To address this issue, several formulas have been developed to estimate ApoB levels. Therefore, our study aims to compare the reliability of 23 formulas for estimating ApoB levels in a large cohort of South-European individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively assessed 4.577 clinical records in which ApoB measurements were obtained using the same standardized method. Overall concordance was defined as the proportion of cases where the directly measured ApoB level fell within the same category as the estimated ApoB level, based on ApoB quartiles (&lt;80 mg/dL, 80–94 mg/dL, 95–114 mg/dL, and ≥115 mg/dL). In addition, overall concordance was assessed for different lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) and non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) sub-levels. Ordinary least squares linear regression analyses were performed to compare estimated and measured ApoB values. Residual error plots were generated to visualize the difference between each estimation method and the actual ApoB measurements, stratified by Lp(a) and non-HDL-C levels.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Plasma ApoB levels were best predicted by a non-HDL-C based formula and a formula using Friedewald's low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), regardless of ApoB plasma levels. Non-HDL-C levels did not significantly affect the concordance between measured and estimated ApoB across the different formulas, except at low non-HDL-C levels. Similarly, Lp(a) levels did not significantly impact concordance. However, the highest concordance level was 41 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Some simple formulas based on low-cost and widely available parameters can estimate ApoB levels independently of ApoB, non-HDL-C, and Lp(a) plasma levels. This approach may be particularly useful for estimating ApoB levels in low-resource settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"404 ","pages":"Article 119178"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143748287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of lipoprotein(a) and diabetes in primary prevention of coronary heart disease: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)","authors":"Rishi Rikhi ,&nbsp;Amier Haidar ,&nbsp;Harpreet S. Bhatia ,&nbsp;Kent Beam ,&nbsp;James McParland ,&nbsp;Richard Kazibwe ,&nbsp;Parag Chevli ,&nbsp;Christopher L. Schaich ,&nbsp;Monika Sanghavi ,&nbsp;Michael D. Shapiro","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and diabetes are both independently associated with cardiovascular disease. Studies demonstrate that elevated Lp(a) is associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular disease in those with and without diabetes. However, it is unclear if Lp(a) modifies the association of diabetes and coronary heart disease (CHD) in primary prevention.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The present analysis included 6668 participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, a community-based cohort without clinical cardiovascular disease at baseline. Participants were categorized as follows: group 1: Lp(a) &lt; 50 mg/dL without diabetes, group 2: Lp(a) ≥50 mg/dL without diabetes, group 3: Lp(a) &lt; 50 mg/dL with diabetes, and group 4: Lp(a) ≥50 mg/dL with diabetes. Survival analysis using Kaplan-Meier and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were performed to assess the relationship between Lp(a), diabetes, and time to incident CHD.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In a fully adjusted model, log[Lp(a)] and diabetes were both independently associated with CHD (HR: 1.10; 95 % CI: 1.01, 1.20) and (HR:1.65; 95 % CI: 1.31, 2.06), respectively. There was a significant multiplicative interaction between logLp(a) and diabetes (<em>p</em> = 0.033). Compared to the reference group (Lp(a) &lt; 50 mg/dL without diabetes), in a fully adjusted model, those with Lp(a) ≥50 mg/dL without diabetes (group 2) had increased risk of CHD (HR: 1.29; 95 % CI: 1.00, 1.65). Similarly, individuals with Lp(a) &lt; 50 mg/dL with diabetes (group 3) also had greater risk of CHD (HR: 1.52; 95 % CI: 1.16, 1.98). The highest risk for CHD were in those with Lp(a) ≥50 mg/dL with diabetes (group 4) (HR: 2.57; 95 % CI: 1.77, 3.72).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results of this analysis suggest that Lp(a) may modify the association between diabetes and CHD or that diabetes may modify the association between Lp(a) and CHD in those without cardiovascular disease at baseline. Further research is needed to clarify underlying mechanisms between Lp(a), diabetes, and CHD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"404 ","pages":"Article 119179"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143748665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Apolipoprotein (a) production and clearance are associated with plasma IL-6 and IL-18 levels, dependent on ethnicity” [Atherosclerosis (2024) 391 117474]","authors":"Anouk G. Groenen ,&nbsp;Anastasiya Matveyenko ,&nbsp;Nelsa Matienzo ,&nbsp;Benedek Halmos ,&nbsp;Hanrui Zhang ,&nbsp;Marit Westerterp ,&nbsp;Gissette Reyes-Soffer","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119165","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"403 ","pages":"Article 119165"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on Burger et al. Course of the effects of LDL-cholesterol reduction on cardiovascular risk over time: A meta-analysis of 60 randomized controlled trials. Atherosclerosis 2024, 396, 118540","authors":"Michael H. Davidson","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119170","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"405 ","pages":"Article 119170"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of a novel nutraceutical combination on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other markers of cardiometabolic health in adults with hypercholesterolaemia: A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial","authors":"Welma Stonehouse ,&nbsp;Bianca Benassi-Evans ,&nbsp;Jennie Louise","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>Clinical evidence exists for LDL-cholesterol lowering by plant sterols, bergamot extract and artichoke leaf extract individually but their effect when combined is unknown. This study investigated the effects of a novel nutraceutical combining plant sterols, bergamot extract, artichoke leaf extract and hydroxytyrosol (referred to as ‘Cholesterol Balance’), on serum LDL-cholesterol (primary outcome), other cardiometabolic and oxidative stress markers in adults with hypercholesterolaemia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Healthy adults (n = 42, 18-&lt;66 years, body mass index [BMI] &gt;18.5-&lt;35 kg/m²), with mild hypercholesterolaemia (LDL-cholesterol ≥2.5-&lt;5 mmol/L) and low CVD risk participated in a 4-month double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial. Participants consumed either 3 capsules/day Cholesterol Balance (providing 375 mg Bergavit40™, 150 mg Altilix™, 1.8 g phytosterols, and 50 mg of Hydrovas10™ daily) or placebo. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 2- and 4-months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was no evidence that Cholesterol Balance affected serum LDL-cholesterol compared to placebo (adjusted mean difference [95 % CI] at 4 months between treatments, −0.12 [-0.34, 0.11] mmol/L, <em>p</em> = 0.307). None of the secondary outcomes, including total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, non-HDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol ratio, apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), ApoB:ApoA1 ratio, plasma oxidised LDL, serum malondialdehyde, HbA1c, blood pressure or safety markers showed a significant difference between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While safe to consume, a nutraceutical containing plant sterols, bergamot extract, artichoke leaf extract and hydroxytyrosol did not show evidence of improving serum LDL-cholesterol, or any other lipid and oxidative stress markers in adults with mild hypercholesterolaemia. Further research is needed to determine if ingredients in the complex formulation interact or interfere with LDL-cholesterol lowering mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"403 ","pages":"Article 119177"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prior exposure to doxorubicin exacerbates atherosclerotic plaque formation in apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice on a high-fat diet","authors":"Matthias Bosman ,&nbsp;Dustin Krüger ,&nbsp;Lynn Roth ,&nbsp;Wim Martinet ,&nbsp;Guido R.Y. De Meyer ,&nbsp;Emeline M. Van Craenenbroeck ,&nbsp;Pieter-Jan Guns","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Epidemiological data suggest that anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin (DOX), promote atherosclerosis in cancer survivors. However, this has not been established experimentally so far. Here, we investigated whether DOX pre-exposure exacerbates atherosclerotic plaque formation (Study 1) as well as the impact of DOX on plaque progression (Study 2). Further, we evaluated the role of alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (Serpina3n) and thrombospondin-1 (Thbs1) in these plaques as we previously identified these proteins to be associated with DOX-induced cardiovascular disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In Study 1, DOX (4 mg/kg body weight/week) was administered for three weeks to apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice followed by a high-fat plaque-promoting diet for 8 weeks. In Study 2, mice were fed a high-fat diet for 17 weeks with DOX administered concomitantly from the third week of diet for three weeks. Plaque size and composition were assessed in the thoracic aorta, brachiocephalic artery and proximal ascending aorta.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Prior DOX exposure increased plaque size along the aortic tree, regardless of sex. This was accompanied by enhanced cell death (increased TUNEL positivity) as well as elevated Serpina3n and Thbs1 in plaques of DOX-treated mice. DOX did not change total cholesterol, HDL and LDL plasma concentrations. Conversely, concomitant DOX exposure did not enhance plaque size nor affect overall plaque composition along the aortic tree, highlighting the importance of experimental design.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Early DOX exposure exacerbated plaque development in mice, providing first experimental evidence for anthracycline chemotherapy as a possible risk factor for atherosclerosis in cancer patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"403 ","pages":"Article 119168"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Achilles tendon thickness with lipid profile and carotid IMT in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia","authors":"Masahito Michikura ,&nbsp;Masatsune Ogura ,&nbsp;Mika Hori ,&nbsp;Kota Matsuki ,&nbsp;Hisashi Makino ,&nbsp;Shimpei Fujioka ,&nbsp;Daisuke Shishikura ,&nbsp;Masaaki Hoshiga ,&nbsp;Mariko Harada-Shiba","doi":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is characterized by high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and Achilles tendon (AT) thickening. AT thickness (ATT) is useful for diagnosing FH and assessing the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Nevertheless, the relationship between AT thickening and lipid profile is not clear. We investigated the association of ATT with lipid Profile and carotid IMT.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 450 patients with clinically diagnosed heterozygous FH. ATT was measured by ultrasonography.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The rate of thickening increased for both AT and carotid-IMT according to age (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). In the teens, there was no carotid-IMT thickening, but 39 % of the subjects had a thickened AT. The thresholds of cumulative LDL-C values for AT and carotid-IMT thickening based on ROC curves were 9210 mg/dL∗years (AUC: 0.66, 95 % CI: 0.61–0.72) for ATT and 11,255 mg/dL∗years (AUC: 0.79, 95 % CI: 0.75–0.84) for carotid-IMT. For cumulative LDL-C levels ≥ median, untreated HDL-C level was lower in the AT thickened group than in the non-thickened group (AT thickened: 52 (43–63) mg/dL, non-thickened: 63 (52–72) mg/dL). There was a significant correlation between ATT and cumulative LDL-C (Male: R = 0.48 <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001, Female: R = 0.33 <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We clarified that both cumulative exposure to LDL-C and untreated HDL-C levels were closely related to AT thickening. Our results show that in ultrasonographic assessment, ATT is more useful than carotid-IMT for predicting the degree of lipid deposition in tissues, especially in young adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8623,"journal":{"name":"Atherosclerosis","volume":"403 ","pages":"Article 119173"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}