Giti Alizadeh-Moghaddam, Mehdi Nasr-Esfahani, Arman Nasr-Esfahani, Leila Mohammadbagheri
{"title":"A suitable alternative to antifungal agents for the control of early blight disease-Alternaria alternata of tomato","authors":"Giti Alizadeh-Moghaddam, Mehdi Nasr-Esfahani, Arman Nasr-Esfahani, Leila Mohammadbagheri","doi":"10.1007/s13313-024-00968-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-024-00968-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Early blight (EB), caused by the dominant species <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, is a major global disease of tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.; Solanaceae) reducing the vegetative organs and causing losses. Sustainable food production mainly depends on the rational use of chemical fertilizers and fungicides in integrated plant disease management. Hence, the fungicidal activity of ortivatop<sup>®</sup> (azoxystrobin + difenoconazole), Signum WG 33.4% (pyraclostrobin + boscalid) and daconyl SC 72% (chlorothalonyl) was evaluated against tomato EB disease under field conditions. Two experiments were conducted during the cropping seasons from 2019 to 2020 in three regions. The experimental design was a randomized block with 4 replications using Ortivatop<sup>®</sup> (ORT) at three doses of -900, -1100 and -1300 ml. ha<sup>−1</sup> (recommended doses of the company), daconyl (DAC) 2 l. ha<sup>−1</sup> and Signum (SIG) 0.5 l. ha<sup>−1</sup>. The findings showed that ORT-1300 (20.6%) and DAC (22.7%) resulted in the lowest EB disease severity, followed by SIG (25.7%), ORT-1100 (26.9%) and ORT-900 (31.7), in contrast to 59.1% of the control. Compared with treatment without fungicide, all fungicides reduced the AUDPC (area under disease progress curve) and provided an increase in productivity. ORT-1300 ml ha<sup>−1</sup> showed the greatest reduction in AUDPC by up to 70% and increased tomato yield by threefold more than the untreated control. Therefore, the current study suggests that foliar spraying with ORT-1300 ml. ha<sup>−1</sup> at all three growth stages, is an ideal solution for EB disease management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"53 2","pages":"129 - 140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140070681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. F. Ortiz-García, D. Alvarado-Rosales, C. Oropeza, L. de L. Saavedra-Romero, S. Aranda-Ocampo, A. Almaraz-Sánchez, A. Quezada-Salinas, A. Equihua-Martínez, S. E. García-Díaz, M. Narváez, G. Nic-Matos, P. J. Palma-Cancino, E. Ramos-Hernández, C. Silverio-Gómez
{"title":"The decline and death of Canary Island date palms in México City is associated with subgroup 16SrIV-D phytoplasmas","authors":"C. F. Ortiz-García, D. Alvarado-Rosales, C. Oropeza, L. de L. Saavedra-Romero, S. Aranda-Ocampo, A. Almaraz-Sánchez, A. Quezada-Salinas, A. Equihua-Martínez, S. E. García-Díaz, M. Narváez, G. Nic-Matos, P. J. Palma-Cancino, E. Ramos-Hernández, C. Silverio-Gómez","doi":"10.1007/s13313-024-00970-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-024-00970-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Canary Island date palm (<i>Phoenix canariensis</i>) is one of the most representative tree species of the urban landscape of México City. However, since the last decade, severe foliar damage and decay has been observed, causing the death of hundreds of individuals in different boroughs of the city’s north zone. The symptoms observed in these affected palms were indicative of Texas Phoenix palm decline (TPPD), a serious disease associated with phytoplasmas of the 16SrIV-D subgroup. In this study, the use of nested-PCR and real-time PCR detected the presence of phytoplasmas of group 16SrIV in 21 out of 25 Canary Island date palms located in the Miguel Hidalgo, Benito Juárez, and Cuauhtémoc boroughs of México City. Sequencing the F2nR2 fragment of the 16S rRNA gene generated from the phytoplasma DNA samples of six positive palms, and subsequent in silico analysis, revealed that these phytoplasmas belonged to the 16SrIV-D subgroup. The presence of this phytoplasma strain in México City extends the range of known climates in which this pathogen and its vectors are capable of subsisting, in addition to evidencing an increase in the geographical distribution of this pathogen in recent years.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"53 2","pages":"175 - 184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140019918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Endophytic genera in californian thistle (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.)","authors":"Wendy Kentjens, Seona Casonato, Clive Kaiser","doi":"10.1007/s13313-024-00972-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-024-00972-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Cirsium arvense</i> is an important weed in temperate areas, causing yield losses in pasture and cropping systems. Endophytes may affect fungal biocontrol agents deployed to control <i>C. arvense</i>. This was the first study sampling leaves, stems, and roots of <i>C. arvense</i> multiple times in one growing season to determine which endophytic genera were associated with this plant species. Eighty-eight endophytic genera were isolated by culture methods and identified with molecular markers. Sixty-five of these have not previously been reported for <i>C. arvense</i>. This study was the first to document many genera belonging to the orders Pleosporales, Hypocreales, and Diaporthales that have not previously been identified in association with <i>C. arvense</i>. In addition, this study isolated more Leotiomycetes and Helothiales than previous studies on <i>C. arvense</i> endophytes. Information on endophytic genera in <i>C. arvense</i> will aid our understanding of biotic factors influencing fungal biocontrol agents and may improve effectiveness of biocontrol agents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"53 2","pages":"199 - 210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13313-024-00972-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140002000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Silva, K. L. Nechet, L. M. Moriya, V. N. Carvalho, M. R. Biafora, D. E.H. de Souza, B. A. Halfeld-Vieira
{"title":"Etiology and prevalence of macadamia diseases in Brazil","authors":"R. Silva, K. L. Nechet, L. M. Moriya, V. N. Carvalho, M. R. Biafora, D. E.H. de Souza, B. A. Halfeld-Vieira","doi":"10.1007/s13313-024-00969-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-024-00969-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In Brazil, the cultivation of macadamia (<i>Macadamia integrifolia)</i> has expanded within the nut industry. However, there is a lack of information concerning the primary macadamia diseases under Brazilian conditions, which is crucial to defining management strategies. This study aims to identify the causal agents responsible for macadamia diseases and determine their prevalence based on a 2-year survey in a representative production area in Brazil. Samples were collected from leaves, trunk sections, racemes, and macadamia fruit from November 2019 to September 2021 in Brazil. All associated microorganisms were isolated, and pathogenicity tests were conducted to fulfill Koch’s postulates. For isolates confirmed as pathogenic, morphological characterisation and molecular identification were performed. The diseases observed, along with their respective prevalence, were as follows: leaf spot caused by <i>Neopestalotiopsis</i> (7%), stem canker caused by <i>Lasiodiplodia</i> (28%), Cladosporium blight caused by <i>Cladosporium</i> (72%), and fruit rot caused by <i>Colletotrichum</i> (18%). This study marks the first reporting of the fungi species <i>L. pseudotheobromae</i>, <i>C. xanthochromaticum</i>, and <i>Co. siamense</i> as phytopathogens of macadamia in Brazil. Additionally, it reports <i>C. xanthochromaticum</i> and <i>Co. siamense</i> for the first time as causal agents of Cladosporium blight and fruit rot in macadamia worldwide, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"53 2","pages":"159 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139979342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G.-J. Hu, Y.-F. Dong, Z.-P. Zhang, X.-D. Fan, F. Ren
{"title":"Efficiency of thermotherapy for eliminating apple rubbery wood virus 2 and other viruses from apple plants","authors":"G.-J. Hu, Y.-F. Dong, Z.-P. Zhang, X.-D. Fan, F. Ren","doi":"10.1007/s13313-024-00966-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-024-00966-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of thermotherapy in eliminating apple rubbery wood virus 2 (ARWV-2) in six infected apple varieties collected from regions in China. These plants were subjected to high-temperature treatment, followed by excision of shoot tips, which were subsequently grafted onto the rootstock. All varieties exhibited high thermostability, but the survival rates (average: 30.5%) of the shoot tips varied markedly. The regenerated plants were tested using semi-nested PCR; the results showed that the ARWV-2 elimination efficiencies differed greatly among the varieties. The elimination rates were > 80% for Baxianzaofu and Ruixue and < 50% for HL, Longkou no. 3, and Yishuihong. Notably, all surviving Longkou no. 3 plants remained infected with ARWV-2. The average ARWV-2 elimination efficiency was 44.3%, closely aligning with that of the apple stem pitting virus and apple stem grooving virus. This suggests that the presence of ARWV-2 may influence the ability of certain varieties to yield virus-free germplasm. Moreover, analysis of the ARWV-2 sequences from Baxianzaofu, Ruixue, Longkou no. 3, and Yishuihong revealed that the elimination rate exhibited minimal correlation with the virus diversity. The consistency and identity of the different variants within the same isolates or among the four isolates were high. Our findings can serve as a valuable foundation for developing treatment strategies to address ARWV-2 infections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"53 2","pages":"151 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139757956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Quang Phap Trinh, Huu Tien Nguyen, Thi Mai Linh Le, Duc Tien Dam
{"title":"Morphological and molecular characterizations of Neodolichodorus bachlongviensis sp. n. (Nematoda: Dolichodoridae), a new plant-parasitic nematode species from Bach Long Vy island in Vietnam","authors":"Quang Phap Trinh, Huu Tien Nguyen, Thi Mai Linh Le, Duc Tien Dam","doi":"10.1007/s13313-024-00963-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-024-00963-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Species of <i>Neodolichodorus</i> are plant-ectoparasitic nematodes, belonging to the family Dolichodoridae, occurring mainly in sandy soils. Fourteen species have been reported within this genus, each exhibiting unique morphological features aiding identification. In this study, we describe a new nematode species, <i>Neodolichodorus bachlongviensis</i> sp. n., which exhibits close morphological similarities to <i>N. obtusus</i>, <i>N. adelaidensis</i>, <i>N. arelairius</i>, and <i>N. hainanensis</i> in terms of lip region shape, tail shape, and stylet length. However, <i>Neodolichodorus bachlongviensis</i> sp. n. can be distinguished from each of these species based on specific morphological traits, including the position of the phasmid, separation of the labial region, body length, tail length, stylet length, cuticle annulation in the labial region, and the morphometric indices. Cluster and Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) analyses also indicated that <i>Neodolichodorus bachlongviensis</i> sp. n. is insignificantly similar to other species of <i>Neodolichodorus</i>. Furthermore, molecular characterizations of <i>Neodolichodorus bachlongviensis</i> sp. n. based on the D2-D3 region of 28S rDNA and the <i>COI</i> mtDNA region have provided valuable insights into the genetic makeup and relationships of this newly discovered species. Remarkably, our study provides the first <i>COI</i> mtDNA sequences of the genus <i>Neodolichodorus</i>, facilitating future research on molecular aspect of this genus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"53 2","pages":"141 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139758314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashebir Gogile, Tigist Markos, Misrak Kebede, Dawit Kidanemariam, Adane Abraham
{"title":"Elimination of yam mosaic virus from yam using an optimized combination of meristem culture and thermotherapy","authors":"Ashebir Gogile, Tigist Markos, Misrak Kebede, Dawit Kidanemariam, Adane Abraham","doi":"10.1007/s13313-024-00965-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-024-00965-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vegetatively propagated plants like yam are prone to yield losses by viruses as infection tends to build up in successive cycles of propagation. This study aimed to eliminate yam mosaic virus (YMV) from yam using an optimized combination of thermotherapy and meristem culture. A protocol was optimized for shoot initiation, multiplication, and rooting from shoots of four yam varieties using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with growth regulators. A control at 26 ℃ and a thermo-treatment at 36, and 40 ℃ followed by meristem culture was used to eliminate YMV and verified using double antibody sandwich ELISA (DAS-ELISA) and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. Results showed that the highest explant initiation rate of 87.5% and 83.3% were obtained for variety Bulcha and Aw/Ar/005, respectively, on MS medium with 1.0 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) + 0.5 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). While the MS medium with BAP (0.5 mg/L) + NAA (0.25 mg/L) produced the highest initiation rate of 91.7% in variety Aw/Ar/001. The longest mean shoot length of 9.0 ± 0.37 cm was recorded in Bulcha on MS medium with BAP (0.5 mg/L) + NAA (0.25 mg/L). The highest percentage of rooting was obtained on MS medium with 1.5 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) + 0.5 mg/L NAA for variety Bulcha and variety Aw/Wo/011. The maximum YMV elimination (93.3–100.0%) was noted at 40 ˚C thermo-treatment for 20 days followed by meristem culture. No amplification of the 586 bp fragment of YMV was obtained by RT-PCR in all the plants that went through 40 ˚C thermotherapy. The results make significant contribution in improving yam production in many countries, particularly in Africa where YMV is a significant constraint.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"53 2","pages":"185 - 197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139757955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Willem H. P. Boshoff, Botma Visser, Cornel M. Bender, Zacharias A. Pretorius
{"title":"Pathogenicity of Puccinia porri on Allium in South Africa","authors":"Willem H. P. Boshoff, Botma Visser, Cornel M. Bender, Zacharias A. Pretorius","doi":"10.1007/s13313-023-00960-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-023-00960-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Allium</i> crops are commonly grown in South Africa and harvested as either fresh produce for the domestic and export markets or as seed. Apart from occasional outbreaks on garlic, rust is problematic as a cosmetic disease with unappealing uredinia regularly observed on freshly packed produce of bunching onion and leek in supermarkets. Spore morphology and phylogenetic analysis of five rust samples collected from <i>A. fistulosum</i> (bunching onion) confirmed the causal organism as <i>Puccinia porri</i>. Garlic and bunching onion varieties were mostly susceptible to <i>P. porri</i>, whereas leek varieties were either susceptible or segregating in their response, with bulb onions being resistant. Microscopy of early infection structures showed appressorium formation, stomatal penetration, and a substomatal structure which differentiated into infection hyphae and haustorium mother cells. At microscopy level differences in host response became visible from 48 h post-inoculation onwards with prehaustorial and early hypersensitivity observed as resistance mechanisms in onions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"53 1","pages":"15 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13313-023-00960-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139373429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lerato Dhlamini, Adriaana Jacobs, Nicolaas A. van der Merwe, Brett Summerell, Eduard Venter
{"title":"The population structure of the Fusarium brachygibbosum species complex in the grassland biome of South Africa","authors":"Lerato Dhlamini, Adriaana Jacobs, Nicolaas A. van der Merwe, Brett Summerell, Eduard Venter","doi":"10.1007/s13313-023-00943-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-023-00943-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Fusarium brachygibbosum</i> Padwick is a phytopathogen with a widespread distribution, infecting various host plants. In South Africa, there is a limited number of studies on the genetic diversity of fusaria, particularly in undisturbed soils. In the current study, the genetic diversity of <i>F. brachygibbosum</i> was investigated using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and mating type genes. The <i>F. brachygibbosum</i> isolates were collected from four different geographic regions within the grassland biome of South Africa. A total of ten ISSR primers produced 64 distinct and reproducible amplicons, with 100% polymorphism. The ISSR markers revealed high levels of intraspecific variation, which is depicted by various genetic diversity indexes. In the analysis of mating type genes, the <i>MAT1-1-2</i> gene was found among the four populations, but the <i>MAT1-2-1</i> gene was only present in the population from the Groenkloof Nature Reserve. The data from this study will contribute substantially to knowledge of grassland fusaria of South Africa and their population structure in the grassland biome.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"53 1","pages":"31 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13313-023-00943-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139062901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Van Dung Tran, Van Long Vu, Huu Tien Nguyen, Quang Phap Trinh
{"title":"An updated species list of the genus Rotylenchus (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae) and a browser-based interactive key for species identification","authors":"Van Dung Tran, Van Long Vu, Huu Tien Nguyen, Quang Phap Trinh","doi":"10.1007/s13313-023-00962-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-023-00962-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nematodes are highly abundant soil organisms, and their presence can have profound effects on soil health and plant growth. Among them, <i>Rotylenchus</i> species are known for their economic importance as root ectoparasites or semi-endoparasites, inflicting damage on a wide variety of economically important plants. Their impact on agricultural crops, ornamentals, and fruit and forest trees makes them significant subjects for study. In this paper, we present an updated species list of <i>Rotylenchus</i> spp., a genus of spiral plant-parasitic nematodes belonging to the family Hoplolaimidae. As of the current research, 107 species within the <i>Rotylenchus</i> genus have been recognized. To facilitate the identification of <i>Rotylenchus</i> species, we introduce a novel browser-based interactive key for the identification of such huge number of species. This web-assisted tool utilizes a list of 48 diagnostic character-states belonging to 11 characters for identifying 107 <i>Rotylenchus</i> species, providing an easy and accurate method for the identification of these plant-parasitic nematodes. This paper contributes to the understanding of <i>Rotylenchus</i> species’ diversity and their taxonomy while offering a valuable tool to aid researchers, agricultural professionals, and plant pathologists in accurate species identification and subsequent management strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"53 1","pages":"79 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139057068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}