Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Long-term chronic conditions in individuals with mental and behavioural disorders: A data linkage study.","authors":"Crystal Man Ying Lee, Kyran Graham-Schmidt, Kevin Ek Chai, Daniel Rock, Suzanne Robinson, Mathew Coleman, Kim S Betts, Peter M McEvoy","doi":"10.1177/00048674251315647","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674251315647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the physical health conditions among health service users in the first year since recorded mental disorder diagnosis in Western Australia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Community mental health, emergency department (ED) and inpatient records of individuals aged ⩾ 18 years with a recorded mental disorder diagnosis in state-funded health services were analysed. We identified long-term physical health conditions recorded within the first year of the first recorded mental disorder diagnosis. Prevalence of physical comorbidity across time was estimated using multinomial logistic regression. Mean number of health service contacts in the first year of the recorded mental disorder diagnosis was obtained using generalised linear model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Altogether, 253,362 individuals were included. Within the first year of the first recorded mental disorder, the prevalence of at least one physical comorbidity ranged from 20.0% in 2006 to 14.5% in 2020. Cardiovascular disease was the most common comorbidity, but the most common combinations of comorbidities became more varied over time. The number of ED and inpatient contacts were higher in subgroups with a higher number of physical comorbidities (ED contacts: 2.4 [95% confidence intervals: 2.4, 2.4] for no comorbidities to 3.6 [3.4, 3.8] for ⩾ 3 comorbidities; inpatient contacts: 2.6 [2.6, 2.7] for no comorbidities to 4.5 [4.1, 4.9] for ⩾ 3 comorbidities).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With a substantial proportion of individuals with mental disorders already having physical comorbidities on their first year of contact with state-funded health services, and the comorbidity combinations becoming more diverse, there is a need to implement more comprehensive joint mental and physical health services.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"260-269"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11837424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of maternal perinatal depressive disorders with autism spectrum disorder in offspring: Findings from a data-linkage cohort study.","authors":"Biruk Shalmeno Tusa, Rosa Alati, Kim Betts, Getinet Ayano, Berihun Dachew","doi":"10.1177/00048674251315641","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674251315641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is limited research on the association between maternal depression and autism spectrum disorder, and existing studies face significant limitations, including inadequate control for confounders, reliance on self-reported data, small sample sizes and lack of investigation into mediating factors. This study addresses these gaps by examining the direct relationship and the potential mediating effects of preterm birth, low birth weight and low Apgar scores.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed linked administrative health data involving 223,068 mother-offspring pairs in New South Wales, Australia. Maternal perinatal depressive disorders and offspring autism spectrum disorder were assessed using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Australian Modification (ICD-10 AM). A generalised linear model was employed to examine the association. The mediation effects of preterm birth, low birth weight and low Apgar scores were assessed through mediation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for a range of potential confounders, offspring of mothers with antenatal, postnatal and overall perinatal depressive disorders had a 61% (risk ratio = 1.61, 95% confidence interval = [1.12, 2.32]), 85% (risk ratio = 1.85, 95% confidence interval = [1.20, 2.86]) and 80% (risk ratio = 1.80, 95% confidence interval = [1.33, 2.43]) higher risk of autism spectrum disorder, respectively. Only about 1.29% and 1.31% of the effect of maternal antenatal depressive disorders on offspring autism spectrum disorder was mediated by preterm birth and low Apgar scores, respectively. Low birth weight had no significant mediating effect on the association.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Maternal perinatal depressive disorders are associated with an increased risk of autism spectrum disorder in offspring. Preterm birth and low Apgar scores were weak mediators of this association. Early intervention strategies that aim to enhance maternal mental health and mitigate the risk of exposed offspring are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"282-292"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11837418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonsuicidal self-injury in a cross-sectional community survey of New Zealand adults: Associations with demographic and psychological characteristics.","authors":"Kealagh Robinson, Isabella Grey, Terise Broodryk, Lisa Van Hove, Marc S Wilson","doi":"10.1177/00048674241312797","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241312797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Understanding of nonsuicidal self-injury relies almost exclusively on adolescent and emerging adult samples. We investigated the prevalence of lifetime and past-year nonsuicidal self-injury among New Zealanders aged 16-75 years and above, before evaluating if established associations between nonsuicidal self-injury, and demographic and psychological characteristics generalise to adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>New Zealand adults (<i>n</i> = 4906; median age 55-59 years; 55.5% female) completed a cross-sectional survey assessing lifetime and past-year nonsuicidal self-injury, psychological distress, self-esteem, emotion dysregulation, and social desirability susceptibility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nonsuicidal self-injury was common among adults; 25.6% participants reported ever self-injuring and 10.7% had done so at least once in the past year. Women and younger participants were more likely to report lifetime self-injury. Although younger participants were also more likely to report past-year self-injury than older participants, this age effect was attenuated for men (<i>b</i> = -0.09) compared to women (<i>b</i> = -0.18). Self-esteem (odds ratios 0.74, 0.74), psychological distress (odds ratios 1.09, 1.16), emotion dysregulation (odds ratios 2.05, 1.88), and desire to manage others' impressions of oneself (odds ratios 0.88, 0.85) were uniquely associated with both lifetime and past-year nonsuicidal self-injury, respectively, and these effects were not moderated by age.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although self-injury was most common among emerging adults, adults of all ages reported self-injuring. Individuals with a greater desire to manage how others perceive them appeared to underreport their nonsuicidal self-injury. While men were less likely than women to self-injure, they may also be more likely to continue self-injuring over adulthood, suggesting that the developmental factors which drive self-injury cessation among adults differ for men and women.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"270-281"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11837420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143187987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cumulative incidence of adolescent mental disorders following childhood maltreatment: An Australian longitudinal population cohort study.","authors":"Melissa J Green, Oliver J Watkeys, Kirstie O'Hare, Stacy Tzoumakis, Kristin R Laurens, Kimberlie Dean, Felicity Harris, Vaughan J Carr","doi":"10.1177/00048674241307150","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241307150","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"197-201"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11837417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Will restricting the age of access to social media reduce mental illness in Australian youth?","authors":"Julie A Blake, Andre Sourander, Akina Kato, James G Scott","doi":"10.1177/00048674241308692","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241308692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, there has been a substantial increase in the prevalence of youth mental illness which has coincided with the growing use of social media throughout society. Studies have demonstrated associations between social media use by young people and mental ill health leading the Australian government to declare a ban on social media by Australians below 16 years of age. This paper aims to critically examine the existing literature reporting these associations and highlights key methodological limitations. We argue that before implementing any restrictive measures that will affect all young people across Australia, it is crucial to consider the evidence to ensure that the proposed legislation is well informed and evidence-based. We suggest there is inadequate evidence at this time to conclude that the rise in youth mental illness is attributable to social media. While the concerns about social media's impact on youth mental health warrants attention, it is essential to consider alternative explanations and to conduct studies that inform highly impactful public health measures. Preventative strategies to address mental illness in young people must be feasible to implement, effective and not give rise to unintended harms.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"59 3","pages":"202-208"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11837422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive care processes for substance use disorders in adult mental health services: A systematic review.","authors":"John Reilly, Carla Meurk, Grant E Sara, Ed Heffernan","doi":"10.1177/00048674241312790","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241312790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Assessment and care of substance use disorder within mental health services are essential due to the high prevalence and harms associated with comorbidity. Substance use disorder assessment and care are routinely recommended in clinical guidelines; however, processes are not agreed. This systematic review of routine clinical practice in relation to substance use disorders in adult mental health service aims to identify routine assessment and diagnosis processes, the proportion of patients and service episodes in which they occur and their outputs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase and relevant Cochrane databases for articles until July 2024 reporting on substance use assessment, diagnosis or treatment in adults receiving routine mental health service and locating additional articles by snowballing. Variables including setting, study method, period, cohort, substances, clinical assessment type, diagnosis and care pathways were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 137 heterogeneous studies reporting routine practice within a wide variety of adult mental health service from 29 nations, 44 (32%) expected or reported on substance use assessment in domains of pattern or impact. However, 23 studies (17%) reported structured approaches to substance use disorder assessment, while 67 (49%) reported a diagnostic structure, including classification system. Diagnostic prevalence varied markedly. Treatment was reported in 16 studies (12%) and no substance use disorder outcomes were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This systematic review shows marked variation in routine practice in mental health service across a range of substance use disorder assessment and diagnosis processes. To better identify substance use disorder, enhance its care and reduce associated morbidity, adult mental health service may benefit from standardising expectations and systematically monitoring the performance of substance use assessment and diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"209-223"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Author reply to Letter to the Editor regarding 'The physical health and premature mortality of Indigenous Māori following first-episode psychosis diagnosis: A 15-year follow-up study'.","authors":"Nathan J Monk, Ruth Cunningham, James Stanley, Sue Crengle, Julie Fitzjohn, Melissa Kerdemelidis, Helen Lockett, Andre D McLachlan, Waikaremoana Waitoki, Cameron Lacey","doi":"10.1177/00048674251315648","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674251315648","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"294"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of neurocognition and social cognition in body dysmorphic disorder.","authors":"Holmes À Court Katrina, Amy Malcolm, Wei Lin Toh, Susan L Rossell","doi":"10.1177/00048674241309747","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241309747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Neurocognitive underpinnings are implicated in the aetiology and maintenance of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD); however, inconsistent findings across a range of neurocognitive domains suggest that a comprehensive synthesis of the literature using a hierarchical framework of neurocognition is needed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A final search across OVID Medline, PsycNET, Scopus and Web of Science databases was conducted on 20 June 2024 to identify research that examined performance on behavioural tasks of objective neurocognition in BDD. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Fifty-four studies aligned with the following inclusion criteria: (1) full-text; (2) peer-reviewed; (3) published in English; (4) employed a neurocognitive task with an objective outcome and (5) involved a case-controlled paradigm consisting of BDD and healthy control samples. Findings were synthesised according to neurocognitive sub-domains viewed as a hierarchy from basic to higher-level domains.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Neurocognitive differences in BDD relative to controls were identified at almost all levels of the hierarchy, most consistently in the upper domains of executive function and social cognition. Vulnerabilities were also demonstrated in the sub-domains of visual perception of faces, Gestalt processing, selective attention to faces and verbal memory. Methodological limitations or the influence of neurocognitive sub-groups may contribute to inconsistencies across the literature.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although neurocognitive differences appear central to BDD, a picture of neurocognitive heterogeneity emerged with the salience of stimuli important and a likely bias to local-over-global processing demonstrated across the domains.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"224-247"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11837421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between structural brain changes and blood neurofilament light chain protein in treatment-resistant schizophrenia.","authors":"Brandon-Joe Cilia, Dhamidhu Eratne, Cassandra Wannan, Charles Malpas, Shorena Janelidze, Oskar Hansson, Ian Everall, Chad Bousman, Naveen Thomas, Alexander F Santillo, Dennis Velakoulis, Christos Pantelis","doi":"10.1177/00048674241307906","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241307906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Around 30% of people with schizophrenia are refractory to antipsychotic treatment (treatment-resistant schizophrenia). Abnormal structural neuroimaging findings, in particular volume and thickness reductions, are often described in schizophrenia. Novel biomarkers of active brain pathology such as neurofilament light chain protein are now expected to improve current understanding of psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. This study explored whether treatment-resistant schizophrenia individuals exhibit different associations between plasma neurofilament light chain protein levels and regional cortical thickness reductions compared with controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Plasma neurofilament light chain protein levels were measured, and T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging sequences were obtained and processed via FreeSurfer for each participant. General linear models adjusting for age and body mass index were estimated to determine whether the interaction between diagnostic group and plasma neurofilament light chain protein level predicted lower cortical thickness across frontotemporal structures and the insula.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 79 participants were included: 37 treatment-resistant schizophrenia and 42 healthy controls. Significant (false discovery rate-corrected) cortical thinning of the left (<i>p</i> = 0.005, <i>η</i>²_{<i>_p</i>} = 0.100) and right (<i>p</i> = 0.002, <i>η</i>²_{<i>_p</i>} = 0.149) insula, and left inferior temporal gyrus (<i>p</i> < 0.001, <i>η</i>²_{<i>_p</i>} = 0.143) was associated with higher levels of plasma neurofilament light chain protein in treatment-resistant schizophrenia, but not in healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The association between regional thickness reduction of the bilateral insula and left inferior temporal gyrus with plasma neurofilament light chain protein may reflect a neuroprogressive component to schizophrenia, which is not observed in the normal population.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"248-259"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142926329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thanks to Reviewers.","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/00048674251315573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674251315573","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"48674251315573"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143363443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}