Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"New use of antidepressants among Australians up to 24 years of age remains high after the COVID-19 pandemic emergency era.","authors":"Juliana de Oliveira Costa, Malcolm B Gillies, Andrea L Schaffer, Helga Zoega, David Peiris, Sallie-Anne Pearson","doi":"10.1177/00048674251356404","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674251356404","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"926-930"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Change points in Australian suicide rates: Trends from 2000 to 2022.","authors":"Leo Roberts, Angela Clapperton, Matthew J Spittal","doi":"10.1177/00048674251361682","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674251361682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>There is concern that suicides in Australia have been increasing, especially among young women. Our aim was to describe the long-term trends in suicide rates, identifying any change points among all suicides and among age-sex population groups.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We extracted annual Australian suicide data from 2000 to 2022 from the General Record of Incidence of Mortality. We used join point regression to model change points in age-standardised suicide rates over time for the total population, males, females and for eight age-sex strata.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age-standardised population suicide rates declined by 4.4% per year (95% confidence interval: -6.1 to -2.6) between 2000 and 2005 and then rose by 2.0% per year until 2018 (95% confidence interval: 1.4 to 2.5). No change was observed after this. Similar patterns were observed for males and females. When disaggregated by age and sex, a more complex picture emerged. Suicides declined in the early part of the century for some groups but not others. Most age-sex groups experienced an increase in suicides from the mid-to-late 2000s. Suicides declined between 2020 and 2022 for 15- to 24-year-old men by 16.0% per year (95% confidence interval: -24.0 to -7.4). In all other age-sex groups, suicides either plateaued or continued to rise.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The broad trends in suicides observed in the total population and in males and females mask more complex patterns occurring in some age and sex groups. Understanding these long-term patterns is critical to informing interventions to reduce suicide.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"897-905"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CORRIGENDUM to \"Exploring the reliability and profile of frequent mental health presentations using different methods: An observational study using statewide ambulance data over a 4-year period\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/00048674251353417","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674251353417","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"NP1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychiatric diagnoses prior to the first onset of non-affective and affective psychoses.","authors":"Oliver J Watkeys, Kirstie O'Hare, Kimberlie Dean, Kristin R Laurens, Stacy Tzoumakis, Felicity Harris, Vaughan J Carr, Melissa J Green","doi":"10.1177/00048674251361768","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674251361768","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"859-862"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between non-adherence to fish oil or placebo as a risk factor of transition to psychosis in ultra-high-risk individuals in the NEURAPRO study.","authors":"Monika Schlögelhofer, Ashleigh Lin, Connie Markulev, Miriam R Schäfer, Patrick D McGorry, Barnaby Nelson, Rebekah Street, Nilufar Mossaheb, Stefan Smesny, Ian B Hickie, Gregor Berger, Eric Yh Chen, Lieuwe de Haan, Dorien H Nieman, Merete Nordentoft, Anita Riecher-Rössler, Swapna Verma, Andrew Thompson, Alison R Yung, G Paul Amminger","doi":"10.1177/00048674251361758","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674251361758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Non-adherence is an important factor in clinical trials, which has not been investigated in people at ultra-high risk (UHR) of developing a first episode of psychosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Exploratory analysis of data from NEURAPRO, a multicenter, placebo-controlled trial of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) in 304 individuals at UHR. We examined correlates of non-adherence with study medication (omega-3 PUFAs or placebo), including patient, illness and treatment factors, plus transition to psychosis. Non-adherence was defined as <75% study medication intake over 6 months and, post hoc, by the number of returned pills.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 285 randomized participants with baseline fatty acid data, 163 (57.2%) were non-adherent. In univariate analyses, non-adherence was associated with baseline omega-3 index, pre-baseline duration of untreated symptoms, smoking, cannabis use, lower baseline Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale, Global Functioning: Social and Role Scale scores and transition to psychosis. Transition to psychosis risk was significantly lower in the adherent than non-adherent group (4.2%, 95% CI = 0.7-7.7% vs 17.3%, 95% CI = 10.4-24.2%), Kaplan-Meier Log-rank test, chi-square = 10.675, <i>p</i> = 0.001), independent of omega-3 PUFA treatment status. Similarly, Cox regression analysis, covarying for the aforementioned factors significantly associated with non-adherence, also revealed non-adherence as an independent predictor of transition to psychosis (<i>B</i> = 1.452, <i>p</i> = 0.005). Finally, non-adherence was also significantly associated with transition to psychosis, even when defining non-adherence by number of returned pills.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Non-adherence predicted a higher risk of progressing to psychosis in UHR individuals. Further studies are needed to better understand factors contributing to non-adherence and how non-adherence is related to transition to psychosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"888-896"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144940442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bushfire and adolescent mental health: A systematic review.","authors":"Paul Kemel, Joanne E Porter, Louisa Remedios, Andrew J Lewis","doi":"10.1177/00048674251370108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674251370108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In the context of escalating impacts of climate change, bushfires have emerged as a natural disaster that may significantly impact a population's mental health. Adolescents typically residing in rural and regional areas present unique challenges in the aftermath of bushfires.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Adhering to the PRISMA framework, a literature search was conducted to identify studies assessing the impact of bushfires on mental health in adolescent populations. Extracted information included demographic characteristics, bushfire location, timeframe post-bushfire, study design and relevant mental wellbeing outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nineteen studies were included within the review, which examined the impact of nine separate bushfire events across six countries. There are consistent findings suggesting that exposure to bushfire is associated with adolescent mental disorders, particularly post-traumatic stress disorder and depressive symptoms. Consistent predictors of poor mental health findings in adolescents include the subjective feeling of threat during the bushfire, property loss, housing adversity and injury to oneself or a family member. There is also replicated evidence that in adolescent populations, subjective or perceived life threat has a greater impact on post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms than objective or actual life threat.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All studies showed that exposure to bushfires impacts adolescent mental health, with some symptoms worsening at follow-up. Adolescents require sustained psychosocial supports and targeted interventions within impacted regional and rural communities. Future research should further explore long-term impacts and strategies to effectively manage the impact of bushfire.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"48674251370108"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of mental illness onset in adolescents and adults with intellectual disability: A retrospective cohort study in New South Wales, Australia.","authors":"Stefan C Michalski, Yunhe Huang, Preeyaporn Srasuebkul, Rachael C Cvejic, Samuel Rc Arnold, Julian N Trollor","doi":"10.1177/00048674251374483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674251374483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People with intellectual disability are disproportionately affected by mental illness, including serious mental illness. While the prevalence of mental illness in this population is well-documented, the factors associated with the onset of any mental illness and serious mental illness lack comprehensive investigation. This study aims to identify demographic, service-related and disability-related factors associated with the onset of any mental illness and serious mental illness in people with intellectual disability using a large, linked dataset in New South Wales, Australia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted using linked administrative data for 47,330 individuals with intellectual disability aged 13-80 years. Data from 2004 to 2018 were used to track first recorded contact with mental health services for any mental illness and serious mental illness. Flexible parametric survival analysis was employed to account for time-varying factors and estimate hazard ratios for the risk of developing any mental illness or serious mental illness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nearly half of the cohort (48.9%) experienced any mental illness, and 11.7% experienced serious mental illness. Factors associated with any mental illness included attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, learning disorders, physical comorbidities, and living in areas of greater socioeconomic disadvantage. Serious mental illness onset was associated with living in outer regional, remote or very remote areas, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, learning disorders, male sex, and a history of any mental illness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified factors associated with the onset of any mental illness and serious mental illness in people with intellectual disability. These findings emphasise the need for early identification and targeted interventions to improve mental health outcomes in this high-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"48674251374483"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence absent, risks high: The critical gap for perinatal eating disorders.","authors":"Ashlea Hambleton, Sarah Maguire","doi":"10.1177/00048674251379576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674251379576","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"48674251379576"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor regarding 'Using data linkage for mental health research in Australia'.","authors":"Carla Meurk, Emilia Janca, Bronwen Edwards, Nicholas Thompson, Ed Heffernan","doi":"10.1177/00048674251370098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674251370098","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"48674251370098"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Return on investment from interventions to prevent common mental disorders among adolescents in Australia: A modelling study.","authors":"Alexander J Thomas, Nicola Reavley, Tharindu Wickramaarachi, Kim Sweeny, Holly Erskine, Hanafi Mohamad Husin, Peter Azzopardi, Susan M Sawyer, Nick Scott","doi":"10.1177/00048674251370449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674251370449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The prevalence of common mental disorders (CMDs, depression/anxiety) among Australian adolescents is increasing. Evidence is needed to inform how prevention efforts can be focused for greatest impact. This study used a compartmental model to estimate how investments could be optimally allocated across interventions to prevent CMDs in adolescents, and the corresponding health and economic benefits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Australian 0- to 19-year-old population was disaggregated by age (0-9, 10-14, 15-19), sex (male, female) and CMD experience (never, currently, previously). Twelve prevention interventions were included following targeted reviews. The model was calibrated to Australian population survey data and included sociodemographic risk factors from the literature that were relevant for included interventions (bullying, financial stress, poor school connectedness, racial discrimination, child maltreatment). An optimisation estimated how an additional AUD$50 million-AUD$1 billion per annum over 2024-2050 could be allocated across interventions to maximise the number of adolescents turning 20 without a lifetime experience of CMD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The benefit-cost ratios of interventions varied widely depending on whether they impacted CMDs directly or indirectly by reducing a risk factor, and also whether CMD was their primary purpose or not (e.g. poverty interventions). Optimally investing AUD$50 million-AUD$1 billion p.a. over 2024-2050 could lead to 144,577-791,277 fewer adolescents experiencing a CMD by age 20 (AUD$5064-AUD$18,507/lifetime CMD experience averted), with lower bound benefit-cost ratios ranging from 5.0 to 19.2. Optimally, budget allocations should include combinations of interventions targeting different age groups, sub-populations and risk factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Investing in evidence-based prevention interventions for adolescent mental health is likely to have a favourable return-on-investment.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"48674251370449"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}