Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Diet interventions for depression: Review and recommendations for practice.","authors":"Heidi M Staudacher, Scott Teasdale, Caitlin Cowan, Rachelle Opie, Felice N Jacka, Tetyana Rocks","doi":"10.1177/00048674241289010","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241289010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>this paper aims to present the evidence for the role of diet in the prevention and treatment of depression, review the potential underlying mechanisms and provide practice recommendations for mental health clinicians.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature review was conducted through searches of PubMed with the search terms 'depression', 'diet', 'prevention', 'treatment' and 'mechanisms' and combinations thereof. Additional articles were identified through hand searching.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Greater adherence to several healthy dietary patterns, traditional diets such as the Mediterranean diet and other diets such as the DASH diet are associated with or can treat symptoms of depression. Several limitations of the research were noted, many of which relate to inherent challenges of studying diet. Mechanisms by which dietary intervention can influence mood include the gut microbiome, modulation of inflammatory processes, reduction in oxidative stress and modulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function. Recommendations for mental health clinicians to enable translation of the evidence into practice are provided.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Diet can play an important role in preventing and treating depression. Mental health clinicians are well placed to provide dietary counselling and to use clinical judgement in choosing the specific approach that reflects the needs of the patient but are encouraged to refer to a specialist dietitian where necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"115-127"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142765652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: The real-world effectiveness of lamotrigine as a mood stabilizer for those with a bipolar II disorder: A pragmatic research study.","authors":"Gordon Parker, Nicole Russo","doi":"10.1177/00048674241303680","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241303680","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"188-190"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Letter to the Editor regarding 'Do compulsory mental health patients have a right to receive a second psychiatric opinion on their treatment under Australian mental health legislation?'","authors":"Simon Katterl","doi":"10.1177/00048674241291320","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241291320","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"187-188"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Letter: Unveiling the boundaries: Analysing advertising breaches in the promotion of medicinal cannabis in Australia.","authors":"Carmen Cw Lim, Eloise Lawrie, Hannah Wilson, Wayne Hall, Danielle Dawson, Tesfa M Yimer","doi":"10.1177/00048674241307158","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241307158","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"183-186"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142943422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bright lights and big ideas: Evolving perspectives in psychiatry and society.","authors":"Shuichi Suetani, Stephen Parker","doi":"10.1177/00048674241310704","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241310704","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"97-98"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142943405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The missing middle service gap: Obtaining a consensus definition of the 'Missing Middle' in youth mental health.","authors":"Jana M Menssink, Caroline X Gao, Isabel Zbukvic, Sophie Prober, Athina Kakkos, Alice Watson, Sue M Cotton, Kate M Filia","doi":"10.1177/00048674241299221","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241299221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>As highlighted in Australia's Productivity Commission Inquiry into mental health, subgroups of individuals are failing to have their needs met, or are 'falling through the cracks' in the current system - a phenomenon increasingly referred to as the 'missing middle'. A barrier to devising solutions is that the term 'missing middle' is not clearly defined. Using the Delphi method, we aimed to define the term and explore acceptability.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Three expert groups were recruited: carers and young people with a lived experience of mental ill-health; clinicians and service providers; researchers, policymakers and commissioners of mental health services. Using a three-stage Delphi process, we elicited definitions, refined and developed a consensus definition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten subthemes describing the 'missing middle' were identified, with four endorsed across all expert groups from the outset: service gap, inflexibility, inadequate service quality and duration, and social disadvantage. Additional subthemes were later endorsed. Feedback was sought on a consensus-driven definition that encompassed the original four endorsed subthemes. Findings supported a shift to a systemic focus - framing the 'missing middle' as a care gap.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A consensus definition was developed, repositioning the term to a systems lens, describing a 'missing middle service gap'. The definition represents the 'missing middle' as a term to describe a gap in care where existing mental health services are not meeting the needs of individuals in a meaningful way. Research was carried out in relation to youth mental health in Australia and the definition may need to be adapted for other contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"152-161"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perinatal psychiatric emergencies in rural Australia: In urgent need of attention.","authors":"Emma Cribb, Breeanna Spring, Megan Galbally, Fergus Gardiner, Mathew Coleman","doi":"10.1177/00048674241308689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00048674241308689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The burden of perinatal mental illness is a significant global concern, affecting approximately 10-20% of women at this stage of life. It is well recognised that Rural Australia has far less health services and mental health specialists per capita than metropolitan regions. While women have more babies in rural settings, their access to maternal health care is conversely limited or absent. We highlight the urgent need for research, adaptation of clinical practice guidelines and service development to address the lack of specialist perinatal mental health services for women in rural Australia for emergency episodes of mental ill health in the perinatal period. While telehealth services have been utilised to bridge the gap in service provision, in this paper we articulate the need for innovative research to identify suitable and sustainable models of care in rural settings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Perinatal psychiatric emergencies represent a highly interventional area of psychiatry. Across the spectrum of psychiatric disorders, few can be attributed with such specificity in anticipated time of disease onset and severity of outcome. It is imperative that we address the lack of access to speciality perinatal psychiatric care for women who reside in rural Australia.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"59 2","pages":"109-114"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health help-seeking behaviours among children and young people from culturally and linguistically diverse communities in a multicultural urban Australian population.","authors":"James Rufus John, Jahidur Rahman Khan, Paul M Middleton, Yao Huang, Ping-I Lin, Nan Hu, Bin Jalaludin, Paul Chay, Raghu Lingam, Valsamma Eapen","doi":"10.1177/00048674241310702","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241310702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the help-seeking behaviours among children and young people (CYP) from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds for mental health (MH) needs in a multicultural Australian population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed the electronic medical records (eMR) of 8135 MH-related emergency department (ED) encounters of CYP aged up to 18 years across six public hospitals in the South Western Sydney Local Health District, Australia, from January 2016 to April 2022. Urgency of MH care was grouped into high priority (triage categories 1 and 2, needing to have treatment within 10 minutes) and low-to-moderate (triage categories 3-5, needing to have treatment within 30-120 minutes) presentations. Multilevel logistic regression models adjusted for key covariates and patient level clustering examined the relationship between CALD status and urgency of MH care. We also assessed the combined effects of gender and CALD status, as well as CALD status and residential area socioeconomic status, on urgent ED care.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>About 8.3% of all MH-related ED presentations during the 6-year period were classified as high priority. The odds of high-priority MH ED care were 2.03-fold higher for CALD CYPs compared to non-CALD CYPs (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.46-2.82]). Furthermore, an added increase in the odds of seeking urgent MH care for CYPs who belong to multiple risk groups was observed among CALD male CYPs (AOR: 2.96, 95% CI = [1.81-4.85]) and those living in disadvantaged areas (AOR: 2.36, 95% CI = [1.59-3.49]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study highlight the need for culturally appropriate services aimed at prevention and early intervention targeted at CYP from CALD backgrounds to avoid crisis presentations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"171-179"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783971/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142943410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel youth mental health services in Australia: What differences are being reported about the clinical needs of those who attend and the outcomes achieved?","authors":"Ian B Hickie, Sebastian Rosenberg, Joanne S Carpenter, Jacob J Crouse, Blake Hamilton, Daniel Hermens, Adam Guastella, Markus Leweke, William Capon, Elizabeth M Scott, Frank Iorfino","doi":"10.1177/00048674241297542","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241297542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Globally, youth mental health services are evolving, with Australia's <i>headspace</i> services presented as a leading exemplar. <i>headspace</i> services were designed as enhanced primary care-based entities and were expected to collaborate with local acute, and specialist clinical and psychosocial services. The lack of large-scale health services trials necessitates understanding their impact through systematic monitoring and evaluation. This paper compares data from differing sources that describe the demographic and clinical features, and functional outcomes, of young people presenting to various <i>headspace</i> services. <i>headspace</i> National reports that care is provided largely to youth with transient distress, minimal clinical disorders, suicidality or comorbidities and limited functional impairment. Almost 50% of clients are reported to have no significant psychological symptoms or risk factors, and less than 30% to have a clinical disorder. Consequently, 36% receive only a single session of care and the median number of clinical sessions provided is three. By contrast, empirically derived estimates, utilising data from an academic centre and its affiliated centres, other independent agencies and more refined analyses of <i>headspace</i> national data variously portray 50-60% of youth as presenting with at least moderate clinical complexity (including at least 20% with high complexity), and with another 27% requiring active clinical intervention. Together, these data suggest approximately 75% of attendees require substantive clinical care. Clinical outcomes data from all sources indicate limited impacts on functional outcomes, with less than a third achieving significant improvement. These data support the original intent of <i>headspace</i> services to focus on equitable access to multidimensional and clinical assessment, evidence-based early interventions for early stages of major anxiety, mood or psychotic disorders. As demand for youth services continues to rise, there is an urgent need to reconfigure our national youth service networks to address the unmet clinical and psychosocial needs of youth presenting in the early stages of major mental disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"59 2","pages":"99-108"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indigenous people display lower mental illness stigma in Aotearoa.","authors":"Issac Jamieson, Taylor Winter, Andre Mason, Edmond Fehoko, Hitaua Arahanga-Doyle, Ririwai Fox, Damian Scarf","doi":"10.1177/00048674241307159","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00048674241307159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental illness stigma continues to be pervasive and problematic in society. Researchers have attempted to better understand this stigma through investigations into demographic factors that may predict stigma, focusing on factors such as age, ethnicity and education.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We investigated demographic factors in the context of Aotearoa New Zealand, with a particular focus on Māori, the Indigenous people of Aotearoa. We used data from the Health Promotion Agency, which collected representative samples from Aotearoa across three survey waves (total <i>n</i> = 3518). Assessment instruments were the Mental Health Knowledge Scale (MAKS), the Reported and Intended Behaviour Scale (RIBS) and the Community Mental Health Ideology subscale of the Community Attitudes towards the Mentally Ill (CAMI). Using linear mixed-effects model we controlled for several demographic variables (e.g. age, biological sex, education and socioeconomic status) and additional variables (e.g. having a psychological condition and whether participants knew someone with mental illness) across three models for each measure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that mental illness stigma was lower among both Māori and European participants. Additional variables and their associations with mental illness stigma are also discussed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, this study illustrates mental illness stigma as lower among Indigenous people in Aotearoa, which prompts further research into ethnicity and mental illness stigma as well as non-Western understandings of mental illness.</p>","PeriodicalId":8589,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"59 2","pages":"162-170"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}