{"title":"Anelikogamy1 : A case of sexist prejudice?","authors":"Brenda Burkitt , Brian Burkitt","doi":"10.1016/S0148-0685(81)92972-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0148-0685(81)92972-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper analyses the age differential between marriage partners. The tendency in a sexist society is for the woman to be younger. Marriages which violate the current stereotype by reversing this age differential arouse hostility despite the fact that on average women live longer than men. Men gain from potentially being able to mate with a cohort of younger women, whilst most women feel unable to consort with younger men. Therefore the inequality of power in gender relationships is accentuated by differences in experience, income and social status. However, a substantial minority of marriages where the man is younger do occur. Individuals require the widest possible opportunity for developing their own styles of living, yet the exercise of such choice is effectively restricted for many middle-aged women, because more of them live alone and a stigma is attached to relationships with younger men. One solution to the loneliness and neglect experienced by many middle-aged women is an urgent reconsideration of attitudes towards those who seek a younger husband. This search is not evidence of a `neurotic personality' (as some would have it), but rather constitutes one possible adaptation to many women's life situation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":85875,"journal":{"name":"Women's studies international quarterly","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 157-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0148-0685(81)92972-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73527028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The future of work: some thoughts about the roles of men and women in the transition to a she future","authors":"James Robertson","doi":"10.1016/S0148-0685(81)96403-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0148-0685(81)96403-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There are two contrasting visions of post-industrial society. The HE (hyper-expansionist) view of the future assumes that the post-industrial revolution will be a transition to a super-industrial way of life. High technology industries like aerospace, computing and telecommunications will set the pace, supported by the knowledge-based, information-handling professions and occupations. The service industries will continue to overtake manufacturing as the growth points of the economy. Personal and social services, including the provision of care, amenity and entertainment, will continue to become more institutionalized and professionalized. By accelerating these existing trends in modern society-and by relying on advanced science and technology in areas like space colonization, nuclear energy, automation, genetic engineering and behavioural manipulation-the super-industrial peoples will be able to break out of further limits to material growth.</p><p>The SHE (sane, human, ecological) view of the future is based on the perception that the most important new frontiers are now psychological and social (personal and human), not technical and economic. Whereas the industrial revolution was primarily about the development of things, the post-industrial revolution will be primarily about the development of people; it will enable human beings to break out of the psychological and social limits which thwart further progress today, just as the industrial revolution enabled them to break out of the constraints which limited their technical and physical capabilities 200 years ago. This means that the transition from industrial to post-industrial society will involve a change of direction, not an acceleration of industrial trends.</p><p>This paper discusses changes in the roles of men and women, especially their work roles, as a central aspect of the transition to a SHE future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":85875,"journal":{"name":"Women's studies international quarterly","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 83-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0148-0685(81)96403-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77137851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Approaches to the ‘woman question≐ in India: From Maternalism to mobilization","authors":"Jana Everett","doi":"10.1016/S0148-0685(81)93080-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0148-0685(81)93080-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Report of the Committee on the Status of Women in India, <em>Towards Equality</em>, concludes that one of the unintended consequences of modernization in India is a deterioration in the conditions of Indian women. How can this situation be changed? This essay examines three approaches to address ‘the woman question≐ currently being utilized by activists in India. The three approaches are (1) forming middle-class women's associations, (2) participating in militant rural movements, and (3) developing feminist theory and practice. The impact of each approach is discussed, and the prospects for the emergence of a mass based women's movement are assessed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":85875,"journal":{"name":"Women's studies international quarterly","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 169-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0148-0685(81)93080-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84111006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Italian feminist movement","authors":"Daniela Colombo","doi":"10.1016/S0148-0685(81)96008-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0148-0685(81)96008-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Italian feminist movement started in the early 1970s and boomed from 1974 to 1978. Since then it has taken a reverse trend: there is a crisis of militancy. The older feminists have somehow retreated into their own private lives or into cultural activities. A new phase of research and self-analysis has started. The earlier objectives of the movement (implementation and defence of the abortion law, equal opportunities legislation, the struggle against violence) have become part of the patrimony of the traditional organizations of women and of women in lay political parties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":85875,"journal":{"name":"Women's studies international quarterly","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 461-469"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0148-0685(81)96008-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77766576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ideology and utopia in family studies since the second world war","authors":"Dena B. Targ","doi":"10.1016/S0148-0685(81)93188-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0148-0685(81)93188-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mannheim conceptualized the thought and action system of a society as directed toward either stability or change. The former framework, ‘ideology≐, takes a metaphysical view of the past and present and thus precludes the possibility of change. The latter framework, ‘utopia≐, focuses on change and thus denies the validity of the present. Ideology and utopia have alternately characterized the United States since the Second World War.The period following the war was dominated by proponents of social stability; the 1960s were dominated by pro ponents of social change; the 1970s are again the stage for proponents of stability. This paper contends that this struggle has been reflected in a debate within family studies concerning stability and change in the nuclear family. The major issues in this debate include stability vs change in the nuclear family; the role and status of women in the family and in society; the male's contribution to the family; and the relationship of the family to the care of children. The debate between ideology and utopia in family studies since the Second World War is presented and critiqued. Particular attention is given to the emergent ideological stance which is currently being taken toward the family. The conclusion is drawn that this ideological stance will prevent family studies from considering innovative solutions to family-related problems which are currently troubling women, men and children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":85875,"journal":{"name":"Women's studies international quarterly","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 191-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0148-0685(81)93188-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86634894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spain: Feminism in our time","authors":"Maria Jose, Raque Arias","doi":"10.1016/S0148-0685(81)96020-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0148-0685(81)96020-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During the Franco regime feminist activity was clandestine and therefore contained, although a tentative beginning was made after 1970 due to influence from the U.S.A. and other European countries. Since then, many groups and tendencies have sprung up, developed and sometimes split into new groups with opposing ideologies and concerns. The author points to four main tendencies in Spanish feminism today: a reformist women's rights tendency; women aligned to political parties; women identifying women as a class; and a so-called radical tendency. Spanish women suffer from all the oppressions associated with a Catholic country with a fascist history-lack of access to abortion, reactionary laws on divorce, father-right etc. Feminist publishing is still in its infancy. However, it is argued that despite or perhaps because of this, Spain has a very advanced feminist ideology and an important feminist movement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":85875,"journal":{"name":"Women's studies international quarterly","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 471-476"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0148-0685(81)96020-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84622152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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