Austral Entomology最新文献

{"title":"Reproductive output and population growth of grapevine scale Parthenolecanium persicae Fab. and frosted scale Parthenolecanium pruinosum Cocq. (Hemiptera: Coccidae) on selected grapevine cultivars","authors":"Nelson A. Simbiken,&nbsp;Kevin S. Powell,&nbsp;Paul D. Cooper","doi":"10.1111/aen.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Grapevine (<i>Parthenolecanium persicae</i> (F.)) and frosted (<i>Parthenolecanium pruinosum</i> (Coq.)) scale insects may cause long-term physiological damage to grapevines. Although they persist in major grape-growing regions of Australia, the reproductive and population growth potential of these insect pests is poorly understood. The reproductive output of gravid adult females of grapevine and frosted scales was studied under lab and field conditions on Riesling, Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc cultivars of European grapevine <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L. The intrinsic rate of increase of grapevine and frosted scales was also studied on Riesling and Chardonnay cultivars, respectively. Gravid adult females of grapevine scale have a larger body length and body mass and higher fecundity than those of frosted scale. Egg and first instar sizes were smaller for grapevine scale than for frosted scale. Egg incubation period, post-oviposition by adult females, was affected by grapevine cultivars, being 20 days on Chardonnay and 19 days on Riesling for grapevine scale and 18 days on Chardonnay and Riesling and 22 days on Sauvignon Blanc for frosted scale. Neither fertility nor fecundity was affected by grapevine cultivar. The intrinsic rate of increase (<i>r</i>_<i>m</i>) was 0.28 per month for grapevine scale on Riesling and 0.29 per month for frosted scale on Chardonnay. The finite rate of increase (<i>λ</i>) for grapevine and frosted scales was 1.28 and 1.33 months, respectively, and the population doubling time (DT) was 2.5 and 2.40 months for grapevine and frosted scales, respectively. Based on these observations, the population of grapevine and frosted scales is likely to persist in vineyards and may rise to outbreak levels that require management.</p>","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"64 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aen.70001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myrmecia: Volume 61, Part 1","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/aen.12734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.12734","url":null,"abstract":"<p>No abstract is available for this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aen.12734","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First records of the gall midge genus Pseudasphondylia Monzen, 1955 (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from Australia","authors":"Robin J. Adair,&nbsp;Peter Kolesik","doi":"10.1111/aen.12720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.12720","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Two new species of <i>Pseudasphondylia</i> Monzen, 1955 are described and are the first records of this genus in Australia and for the plant families Myrtaceae and Chenopodiaceae. <i>Pseudasphondylia melanopileus</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> forms inconspicuous galls on the fruits of <i>Melaleuca ericifolia</i> (Myrtaceae) in southern Victoria. <i>Pseudasphondylia nitrariaceia</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> causes semi-woody galls on the inflorescences of <i>Chenopodium nitrariaceum</i> (Chenopodiaceae) and is widespread in low-rainfall regions of south-eastern Australia. Descriptions of adults and immature stages and DNA sequences of the <i>cytochrome oxidase unit I</i> mitochondrial gene segment are given for each of the new species.</p>","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new genus and two new species of gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) feeding on Guinea grass Megathyrsus maximus (Poaceae) in Africa","authors":"Peter Kolesik,&nbsp;Guy F. Sutton,&nbsp;Clarke J. M. van Steenderen,&nbsp;Dino J. Martins,&nbsp;Rob Plowes,&nbsp;Iain D. Paterson","doi":"10.1111/aen.12719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.12719","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Two new species of gall midges are described whose larvae feed on the small morphotype of Guinea grass <i>Megathyrsus maximus</i> in Africa. <i>Arabukodiplosis basalis</i> Kolesik, <b>gen. et sp. nov.</b> causes galls at the base of plant's crown in Kenya and <i>Arabukodiplosis vesicaria</i> Kolesik, <b>gen. et sp. nov.</b> causes blister galls on the stems in South Africa and Kenya. Description of the morphology and the sequence of a fragment of the COI mitochondrial gene of the insects are provided. A new genus is erected to contain the two new species. <i>Arabukodiplosis</i> Kolesik, <b>gen. nov.</b> belongs to the supertribe Cecidomyiidi and its closest relative is <i>Mitodiplosis</i> Kieffer, 1914, an African genus containing a single species that induces stem thickening galls on pyp grass <i>Ehrharta villosa</i> (Poaceae) in South Africa. Like <i>Mitodiplosis</i>, <i>Arabukodiplosis</i> Kolesik, <b>gen. nov.</b> cannot be satisfactorily accommodated in any of the currently recognised tribes. The crown of the plant, where <i>A. basalis</i> Kolesik, <b>gen. et sp. nov.</b> forms galls, is where new tillers and shoots originate, so the galls develop where stems would usually form. Stems infested by <i>A. vesicaria</i> Kolesik, <b>gen. et sp. nov.</b> continue to develop above the galls, but the gall is expected to act as a resource sink, reducing the fitness of the host plant. Both species are possible candidates for biological control of <i>M. maximus</i>, which is a serious invasive alien pest outside of its native distribution.</p>","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A morphological identification key to the mosquito disease vectors of the Pacific","authors":"Narayan Gyawali,&nbsp;Tanya L. Russell,&nbsp;Thomas R. Burkot,&nbsp;Gregor J. Devine","doi":"10.1111/aen.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An identification guide is provided for female adults of the mosquito groups, complexes or species that can be morphologically differentiated and that are likely to transmit arboviruses (e.g., dengue, Zika, chikungunya, Ross River and Japanese encephalitis) or parasites (e.g., <i>Plasmodium</i> spp. and <i>Wuchereria bancrofti</i>) in the Pacific Islands, countries and territories. This dichotomous key is adapted, with permissions, from a variety of text and image sources to facilitate the identification of disease vectors by individuals with limited taxonomic training including Pacific island country Vector Surveillance and Environmental Health officers, other public health officials and students.</p>","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aen.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut bacteria symbiosis affects cuticular hydrocarbon profile and mating success in wild Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) males","authors":"Andrea Moyano,&nbsp;Alfonsina Palladini,&nbsp;Viviana Díaz,&nbsp;Solana Abraham,&nbsp;Gisela Castillo,&nbsp;Antonella Giudice,&nbsp;Victoria Coll Araóz,&nbsp;Patricia Fernandez,&nbsp;Guido Van Nieuwenhove,&nbsp;Juan Rull","doi":"10.1111/aen.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Ceratitis capitata</i> (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a highly polyphagous species and a seriously pest with a significant economic importance, having a great number of studies focused in its management. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in the symbiotic relationship between gut bacteria and their insect hosts. In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the role of gut microbiota on symbiotic and aposymbiotic wild medfly adult sexual behaviour, especially on mate choice and mating success. We also evaluate latency and mating time, sperm transference, testes and ovarian sizes and female fecundity. Finally, we compared cuticular hydrocarbon profiles to explore other possible mechanisms that mediate medfly mating success. For this purpose, teneral wild medfly adults were separated into two groups, symbiotic and aposymbiotic. Aposymbiotic adults were treated with an antibiotic mixture (tetracycline plus ciprofloxacin) until sexual maturity. Results of sexual behaviour assays showed that symbiotic males were more successful in mating in comparison with aposymbiotic males, and female preference could be related with a greater sexual organ development of symbiotic females and differences in male hydrocarbon cuticular profiles. Results support the hypothesis that the presence of gut bacteria can play a beneficial role on the sexual behaviour. Knowledge about the importance of cuticular hydrocarbons acting in mating recognition was obtained. This work is the first to report the influence of gut microbiota on this component of the exoskeleton for wild medfly and might be useful for the improvement of sustainable strategies for pest management such as the sterile insect technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mining novel Bacillus thuringiensis toxins and secondary metabolites for invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) control","authors":"Nonthakorn ( Beatrice) Apirajkamol,&nbsp;Bill James,&nbsp;Timothy Michael Hogarty,&nbsp;Bishwo Mainali,&nbsp;Phillip Warren Taylor,&nbsp;John Roberts,&nbsp;Rahul Rane,&nbsp;Wee Tek Tay,&nbsp;Thomas Kieran Walsh","doi":"10.1111/aen.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (<i>Bt</i>) endotoxins are often considered environmentally friendly pest control tools. However, the development of resistance to <i>Bt</i> toxins and emergence of exotic pests necessitate the characterisation of new <i>Bt</i> isolates. This study aims to identify and characterise novel <i>Bt</i> toxins and bioactive compounds that may be utilised to mitigate the impact of <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> (fall armyworm, FAW), a polyphagous agricultural pest species that has recently established populations in over 80 countries including Australia. Eight <i>Bt</i> isolates were used in bioassays to ascertain toxicity to FAW neonates. Six <i>Bt</i> isolates (Bt_01-02 and Bt_05-08) exhibited potential insecticidal activities. Three isolates including Bt_01 and Bt_07-08 caused 100% mortality, while Bt_02, Bt_05, and Bt_06 induced 71.27 ± 21.17, 98.44 ± 2.21 and 92.19 ± 11.05% mortality, respectively. Genome analysis was conducted to characterise the toxins and secondary metabolite gene clusters of each isolate. Four isolates (Bt_01, Bt_06, Bt_07, Bt_08) contained the Cry1Na-partial and Cry1I toxins, while Bt_05 contained Cry2A, Cry1H and Cry1-like amino acid sequences. In addition, the gene cluster for zwittermicin A, a crystal toxin enhancer, was present in all isolates. However, no known toxins or insecticidal compounds were identified in Bt_02 despite inducing high mortality. The pathogenicity of Bt_02 was also tested against two Australian native pest species: <i>Helicoverpa armigera conferta</i> and <i>H. punctigera</i>. This includes both the susceptible and Cry1Ac-resistant (Hp9-3784) lines of <i>H. punctigera</i>. Bt_02 caused 74.88 ± 19.82% mortality in <i>H. armigera</i>, 95.65 ± 6.15% mortality in <i>H. punctigera</i> and 90.91 ± 12.86% mortality in Hp9-3784. This suggests that Bt_02 may possess unknown toxins or bioactive compounds responsible for its effectiveness against three species of lepidopteran pests including those that exhibited Cry1Ac resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aen.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA barcoding solves the mystery of the rainbow battleship caterpillar (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae) and reveals cryptic diversity in Australian slug moths","authors":"Lyn G. Cook,&nbsp;Jessa H. Thurman,&nbsp;Andrew A. Walker","doi":"10.1111/aen.12727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.12727","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite their striking appearance and abundance, the diversity and life-histories of cup moths and their relatives (Lepidoptera: Limacodidae) in Australia are not well known. An example is a caterpillar commonly known as the rainbow battleship, or rainbow school bus. This caterpillar has been claimed to be the larva of <i>Calcarifera ordinata</i> (Butler, 1886), a wattle cup moth, but rearing experiments have recently shown that caterpillars of <i>C. ordinata</i> are not rainbow battleships. Here, we use DNA barcoding to identify the rainbow battleship by comparing the mitochondrial gene <i>COI</i> to sequences obtained from a DNA-barcoding blitz at the Australian National Insect Collection. We positively identify the rainbow battleship caterpillar as the larva of <i>Comana albibasis</i> (Walker, 1862), an association not previously hypothesised. The <i>COI</i> barcode region appears to be a useful tool for identifying limacodids, including matching larval and adult forms. Divergence within some currently recognised species highlights the presence of potentially undescribed species diversity in Limacodidae.</p>","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143116710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Homozygous multiple-insecticide resistance in Australian invasive serpentine leafminer Liriomyza huidobrensis (Blanchard) (Diptera: Agromyzidae)","authors":"Yizhou Chen,&nbsp;Duong T. Nguyen,&nbsp;John Webster,&nbsp;Thi Hong Tham Nguyen,&nbsp;Grant A. Herron","doi":"10.1111/aen.12733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.12733","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In October 2020, <i>Liriomyza huidobrensis</i> (serpentine leafminer [SLM]) was first detected in Western Sydney, New South Wales (NSW), and subsequently Southern Queensland (QLD). Control failures were reported, and insecticide resistance was confirmed via bioassay, but mechanisms causing resistance remained unknown. We characterised the complete mRNA sequence of eight insecticide target genes of <i>L. huidobrensis</i> using RNA sequencing. We found that the Australian SLM carries three mutations (I129V, G227A and F331W) of the acetylcholinesterase (<i>AChE</i>) gene, causing resistance to mode of action (MOA) 1 chemicals; one mutation (A301S) of the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta (<i>GABAR</i>), causing resistance to MOA 2 chemicals; and two mutations (M918T and L1014L) of the voltage-gated sodium channel (<i>VGSC</i>) gene, causing resistance to MOA 3 chemicals. We consequently developed a multiamplicon-sequencing panel to screen 234 Australian field-collected SLM samples using next-generation sequencing. The multiplex panel includes mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (<i>COI</i>) for species identification and <i>AChE</i>, <i>VGSC</i>, glutamate-gated chloride channel (<i>GluCl</i>) and chitin synthase 1 (<i>CHS1</i>) gene mutations. We confirm that all the individuals carry the multi-resistance alleles in a homozygous and fixed state. This is a rare phenomenon for a single individual to be homozygous for multiple resistance mutations, with only a few studies documenting such multi-resistance at the population level. Such resistance mechanism detection raises concern that there are limited chemical options for the control of invasive SLM in Australia.</p>","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aen.12733","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143116709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of harmonic radar tagging on the flight ability of male Bactrocera tryoni and Bactrocera jarvisi (Diptera, Tephritidae)","authors":"John M. Tomerini,&nbsp;Matthew G. De Faveri,&nbsp;Stefano G. De Faveri,&nbsp;Carole Wright,&nbsp;Matthew S. Siderhurst","doi":"10.1111/aen.12728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.12728","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding the movement dynamics of fruit flies is critical to both surveillance and control strategies with much of what is known coming from mark–release–recapture or flight mill studies. However, recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of field-tracking fruit flies using harmonic radar (HR). In this study, the effects of attaching HR tags to <i>Bactrocera tryoni</i> and <i>Bactrocera jarvisi</i> were assessed in large indoor cages with both cultured and wild flies. The Queensland fruit fly, <i>B. tryoni</i>, is a major horticultural pest in the Northern Territory and east coast of Australia. Jarvis' fruit fly, <i>B. jarvisi</i>, is one of the lesser Australian fruit fly species, with a distribution in northern and eastern Australia. Three flight-associated behavioural parameters were recorded: (1) flight success (proportion of flies that flew), (2) time to flight (period from release to take-off) and (3) flight duration (period from take-off to landing). Untagged flies were more likely to fly and also took flight more quickly than tagged flies with this result holding across fly species and fly origin (wild or cultured). Similarly, wild flies were more likely to fly than cultured flies, but no differences were observed between the flight successes of the two fruit fly species. For all tagged flies, mean time to flight increased with successive flight trials, while untagged flies mean time to flight over time varied with species and fly origin. The effect of tagging on flight duration varied by species (tagged &gt; untagged for <i>B. tryoni</i>, tagged &lt; untagged for <i>B. jarvisi</i>) but not by fly origin with species. Together, these results quantify the negative effects of HR tagging on <i>B. tryoni</i> and <i>B. jarvisi</i> flight behaviours that should be taken into account when interpreting the biological relevance of HR tracking studies. These results also suggest that HR tracking of fruit flies would benefit from the further development of smaller and lighter tags.</p>","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143116711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}