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ICBMs and the Environment: Assessments at a Base in Kazakhstan 洲际弹道导弹与环境:在哈萨克斯坦某基地的评估
Post-Soviet geography and economics Pub Date : 1999-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/10889388.1999.10641129
J. Matzko, B. Butler
{"title":"ICBMs and the Environment: Assessments at a Base in Kazakhstan","authors":"J. Matzko, B. Butler","doi":"10.1080/10889388.1999.10641129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641129","url":null,"abstract":"A paper by two U.S. scientists explores the environmental/health hazard posed by abandoned missile launch sites and control facilities (dismantled by 1998 as part of the Nunn-Lugar Cooperative Threat Reduction Program) at an ICBM base in north-central Kazakhstan. It summarizes the findings of Environmental Site Assessment Reports based on a program of water and soil sampling at the sites, with a particular focus on testing for the presence of polychlorinated biphenyls, various toxic metals, and radiation. The study is important in that it documents levels of contamination (and describes abatement measures) at a former Soviet missile base. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: H50, 110, Q20, 7 figures, 10 references.","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"40 1","pages":"617-628"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59652487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Urban Population Trends in Kazakhstan during the 1990s 1990年代哈萨克斯坦城市人口趋势
Post-Soviet geography and economics Pub Date : 1999-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/10889388.1999.10641127
R. Rowland
{"title":"Urban Population Trends in Kazakhstan during the 1990s","authors":"R. Rowland","doi":"10.1080/10889388.1999.10641127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641127","url":null,"abstract":"An American geographer specializing in population change and urbanization in the countries of the former USSR examines urban population change in Kazakhstan over the period 1989-1998. The focus is on trends in urbanization, urban population growth, and changes in the populations of individual urban centers, with discussion of the latter emphasizing locational patterns and economic functions of the centers. The analysis is based on materials from the 1989 USSR census, official 1995-1998 population estimates, and preliminary results from the 1999 Kazakhstan census, with extensive coverage devoted to the availability of information in a variety of Kazakh statistical sources and other publications. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: O18, R12, R23. 3 figures, 4 tables, 69 references.","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"40 1","pages":"519-552"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59652435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
The Siberian Forest Sector: Challenges and Prospects 西伯利亚森林部门:挑战与前景
Post-Soviet geography and economics Pub Date : 1999-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/10889388.1999.10641125
C. Backman
{"title":"The Siberian Forest Sector: Challenges and Prospects","authors":"C. Backman","doi":"10.1080/10889388.1999.10641125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641125","url":null,"abstract":"A Western specialist on the forest industry of Russia focuses on the forest resources and wood-processing industry in East and West Siberia, where much of Russia's forested land is located at considerable distance from major domestic and foreign markets. The paper surveys the Siberian forest resource and its ability to support harvest, estimates long-term economic fiber supply, and assesses wood-processing infrastructure and forest-products trading patterns. Later sections of the paper present estimates of the funding necessary to support proper forest management and to sustain development of the wood-processing sector and address policy implications. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: L73, O13, Q23, 3 tables, 44 references.","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"40 1","pages":"453-469"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59652390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Distribution of Refined Petroleum Products in Russia 成品油在俄罗斯的分销
Post-Soviet geography and economics Pub Date : 1999-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/10889388.1999.10641123
M. J. Sagers, I. Didenko, V. Kryukov
{"title":"Distribution of Refined Petroleum Products in Russia","authors":"M. J. Sagers, I. Didenko, V. Kryukov","doi":"10.1080/10889388.1999.10641123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641123","url":null,"abstract":"A Western specialist on Russia's oil and gas industries, together with two Russian analysts, examines the development of the distribution system for refined petroleum products in post-Soviet Russia. Such “downstream” activities, oriented largely toward the domestic market, are an increasingly important component of the growth strategies of Russia's vertically integrated oil companies, in attempting to upgrade their refined-products distribution capacity and extend market share beyond existing service areas. Coverage also extends to actions of regional administrations and trading companies in a “virtual” economy characterized by arrears, offsets, and barter. Specific examples are derived from Novosibirsk Oblast in 1998—a typical Russian region. Journal of Economic Literature. Classification Numbers: L22, L71, Q41. 3 figures, 2 tables, 34 references:","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"29 1","pages":"407-439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59652351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Agricultural Decline in Uzbekistan: The Case of Yazyavan Region 乌兹别克斯坦农业衰退:以Yazyavan地区为例
Post-Soviet geography and economics Pub Date : 1999-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/10889388.1999.10641124
S. O'Hara, B. Hudson
{"title":"Agricultural Decline in Uzbekistan: The Case of Yazyavan Region","authors":"S. O'Hara, B. Hudson","doi":"10.1080/10889388.1999.10641124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641124","url":null,"abstract":"A British geographer and an Australian farm management specialist, relying on extensive field work and interviews conducted over the period 1998-1999, assess the recent decline in the agricultural sector in Uzbekistan. The paper focuses on the cotton and wheat crops (still state controlled) in a particular tuman (rayon), illustrating how government interventions have been detrimental to agricultural output. Special attention is devoted to efforts to ensure early planting of cotton under plastic, and their relationship to the recent sharp decline in yields. A concluding section examines whether the government can substantially increase investment and restructure management in agriculture so as to avert further decline. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: O13, Q10, Q15. 4 tables, 14 references.","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"1 1","pages":"440-452"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641124","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59652385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The Urban-Rural Divide in the Russian Electorate and the Effect of Distance from Urban Centers 俄罗斯选民的城乡分化与城市中心距离的影响
Post-Soviet geography and economics Pub Date : 1999-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/10889388.1999.10641122
A. V. Berezkin, M. Myagkov, P. Ordeshook
{"title":"The Urban-Rural Divide in the Russian Electorate and the Effect of Distance from Urban Centers","authors":"A. V. Berezkin, M. Myagkov, P. Ordeshook","doi":"10.1080/10889388.1999.10641122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641122","url":null,"abstract":"A team of Russian and American geographers and political scientists examines what is perhaps the most evident correlate of aggregate voting patterns in Russia from 1991 to 1996—the urban-rural divide within the electorate, with urban areas consistently exhibiting greater support than their rural counterparts for candidates and parties that can be labeled pro-Reform or pro-Yel'tsin. The usual explanations for this pattern concern the greater proportion of young and educated voters in urban areas and the proximity of voters there to the ostensible benefits, promised or real, of reform. This essay, however, argues on the basis of a reassessment of the 1996 Presidential election second-round returns that a share of this correlation can be explained not by mere proximity to urban areas or the urban-rural characteristics of a rayon, but also by a rayon's proximity to regional and local political bosses—those political figures most likely to use their influence to gather votes for Yel'tsin's reelection. Journal ...","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"22 1","pages":"395-406"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59652344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 26
Macedonian and Slovenian Trade: Contrasting Patterns and Focus on the European Union 马其顿和斯洛文尼亚的贸易:对比模式和对欧盟的关注
Post-Soviet geography and economics Pub Date : 1999-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/10889388.1999.10641118
M. Wyzan
{"title":"Macedonian and Slovenian Trade: Contrasting Patterns and Focus on the European Union","authors":"M. Wyzan","doi":"10.1080/10889388.1999.10641118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641118","url":null,"abstract":"An American economist presents a statistical analysis of Macedonian foreign trade patterns since the break-up of former Yugoslavia, in the context of a comparison with Slovenia. After examining the countries' overall trade performance and policy, Gini-Hirshmann indexes of concentration, Grubel-Lloyd indexes of intraindustry trade, and similarity indexes are presented, and main exports from the two countries to the European Union are described. This provides a basis for assessing the progress of economic transition in the two countries, whether trade patterns are characteristic of developed or less-developed countries, and the possible extent of trade distortion prevailing during the Yugoslav period. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: F14, P27, F13. 5 tables, 28 references.","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"40 1","pages":"309-334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59652282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Environmental Change and Post-Communist Transformations in the Czech Republic and Slovakia 捷克共和国和斯洛伐克的环境变化和后共产主义转型
Post-Soviet geography and economics Pub Date : 1999-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/10889388.1999.10641120
P. Pavlínek, J. Pickles
{"title":"Environmental Change and Post-Communist Transformations in the Czech Republic and Slovakia","authors":"P. Pavlínek, J. Pickles","doi":"10.1080/10889388.1999.10641120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641120","url":null,"abstract":"Two U.S. geographers analyze the effects of post-1989 economic and political transformations on the quality of the environment in the Czech Republic and Slovakia through 1998. Initially they examine the importance of environmental issues in Czechoslovakia's 1989 revolution and factors subsequently weakening the environmental movement in its two successor states. The close relationship between economic decline and reduced pollution and resource consumption early in these countries' transitions is then explored. A persistent theme is the contradictory nature of recent environmental changes, whereby pollution levels have decreased substantially, while new problems associated with Western consumerism and foreign direct investment have emerged. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: O10, P20, Q20, Q30. 14 figures, 1 table, 105 references.","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"62 1","pages":"354-382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59652329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
The Privatization of Nature Conservation in Russia 俄罗斯自然保护的私有化
Post-Soviet geography and economics Pub Date : 1999-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/10889388.1999.10641121
P. Pryde
{"title":"The Privatization of Nature Conservation in Russia","authors":"P. Pryde","doi":"10.1080/10889388.1999.10641121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641121","url":null,"abstract":"An American geographer describes and evaluates the first attempt to establish a large, privately operated nature reserve and sustainable agricultural economy in post-Soviet Russia. A 5,200 ha preserve along the Amur River, known as Murav'yovka Park, was acquired as a 50-year lease from nearby collective farms. The preserve's role as an important breeding area for migratory cranes is examined in the context of international conservation efforts and funding; other functions (e.g., agricultural production, environmental education) also are discussed, based on field observations in 1998. Developments at Murav'yovka are symptomatic of broader problems involved with privatizing nature conservation in contemporary Russia. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: Q20, Q24, Q26. 1 figure, 2 tables, 28 references.","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"40 1","pages":"383-393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641121","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59652337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Regional Adaptation to Economic Crisis in Russia: The Case of Novgorod Oblast 俄罗斯经济危机的区域适应:以诺夫哥罗德州为例
Post-Soviet geography and economics Pub Date : 1999-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/10889388.1999.10641119
Dmitri Zimine, Michael J. Bradshavv
{"title":"Regional Adaptation to Economic Crisis in Russia: The Case of Novgorod Oblast","authors":"Dmitri Zimine, Michael J. Bradshavv","doi":"10.1080/10889388.1999.10641119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641119","url":null,"abstract":"Two British economic geographers present a critical assessment of the development of the Novgorod region in the 1990s, questioning some of the practices employed by Novgorod Oblast Governor Mikhail Prusak to strengthen his political position within the region and to implement an economic development strategy. The paper reviews economic policies of the Regional Administration during and after the Russian financial crisis of August-September 1998, which serve to illustrate the close linkages between regional policies and the national economic environment. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: H10, R11, R58. 4 figures, 8 tables, 58 references.","PeriodicalId":85332,"journal":{"name":"Post-Soviet geography and economics","volume":"40 1","pages":"335-353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10889388.1999.10641119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59652290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
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