{"title":"Skin Whitening Efficacy of Mixed Extracts of Crassostrea gigas, Trichosanthes cucumeroides, Angelica dahurica and Asarum sieboldii","authors":"Mi-jeong Choi","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2021.0283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2021.0283","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the cosmetic functionality of mixed extracts of Crassostrea gigas, Trichosanthes cucumeroides, Angelica dahurica and Asarum sieboldii (CTAA), which are effective in skin whitening.Methods: In this study, to evaluate the cosmetic functionality of the mixed extract, 2,2’-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity evaluation, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity evaluation, tyrosinase inhibitory activity evaluation, melanin production evaluation, cell toxicity evaluation was performed.Results: As a result of ABTS and DPPH radical analysis, CTAA-4 was 60.7% and 59.1% at 500 μg/mL, respectively, showing the best antioxidant activity. As a result of the SOD-like activity analysis, CTAA-4 was confirmed to be 32.3±3.7% at the concentration of 500μg/mL, and in the xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity result, CTAA-4 was 29.6±3.6% at the concentration of 500 μg/mL. In the tyrosinase activity analysis result, CTAA-4 had the lowest tyrosinase activity at 59.7% at a concentration of 500 μg/mL. Melanin production was also found to be 44.6% of CTAA-4 compared to the control at a concentration of 500 μg/mL. As a result of cytotoxicity, all test substances had no cytotoxicity at a concentration of 100 to 500μg/mL as cell viability was confirmed to be more than 95%.Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was confirmed that the mixed extract developed in this study has excellent inhibitory activity of free radicals and reactive oxygen species, and has excellent skin whitening effect by inhibiting tyrosinase activity and melanin production.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78608247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Cosmetics Store Relational Benefits on Affective Commitment and Long-term Relationships","authors":"Younghee Sheen","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2022.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2022.0026","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study analyzes the mediating effect of affective commitment in the relationship between long-term relationship orientation and customers perceived relational benefits highlight the importance of positive relationships with customers in cosmetic stores, and how relational benefits improve the affective commitment and long-term relationship orientation.Methods: This study conducted a survey of 300 customers who visited cosmetics stores in Seoul and the metropolitan area from November 16 to December 31, 2021, and used 297 copies as the final analysis data; three that could not be used as samples were excluded. Frequency, factor, reliability, and three-stage mediated multi-regression analyses were conducted using SPSS Ver.21.0 as an analysis method.Results: The results found the following: First, the perceived relational benefits of customers visiting cosmetics stores have a positive impact on affective commitment, and long-term relationship orientation to maintain long-term relationships with stores that have visited. Second, affective commitment in relationships with relational benefits and long-term relationship orientation was shown to have a partial mediating effect.Conclusion: Customers who experience and perceive service benefits and homogeneity experience an emotional commitment that to revisit. Such an experience is believed to create long-term and positive bonds with customers to achieve efficient management performance.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81738328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Beauty Influencer Credibility on Perceived Risks and Purchase Intention of Consumers","authors":"In Yeong Lee, Sungnae Lee","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2022.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2022.0012","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study examines how the reputation of beauty influencers affects consumers’ risk perceptions and desire to purchase influencer cosmetics.Methods: The subjects of the study conducted an online survey of individuals in their 20s and 30s who are subscribers or followers of beauty influencers on social media or who have watched beauty content more than once.Results: The results of this study were as follows: First, the higher the trustworthiness risk of the beauty influencer, the lower the consumer’s financial risk for influencer cosmetics; and the higher the beauty influencer’s expertise, the lower the consumer’s performance risk for influencer cosmetics. Second, as the level of knowledge, integrity, and homophily of the reputation of beauty influencers increases, so does the consumer’s willingness to purchase influencer cosmetics. Third, it was observed that the experience of purchasing cosmetics through beauty influencer marketing does not have a major impact on consumers’ perceived risks of influencer cosmetics. Moreover, consumers who have purchased cosmetics through beauty influencer marketing are more willing to purchase influencer cosmetics than those who have not. Fourth, the adjustment effect has been shown to be negatively affected by social support for beauty influencers, as determined by credibility and the willingness to purchase products.Conclusion: This study is significant because it incorporates the trustworthiness of beauty influencers into interactions with perceived risks and purchase intent, which goes beyond prior studies that only focus on the classification of beauty influencer characteristics.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90341266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mediating Role of Physical Confidence in the Relations between Leisure Activities and Appearance Management of Active Seniors","authors":"Sun-Ok Jung, J. Seon, Kyu-Hye Lee","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2022.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2022.0011","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study explores the causal relationship between active seniors’ participation in physical leisure activities on their appearance management attitude and behavior and verifies the mediating effect of physical confidence.Methods: The study subjects were in their 50s or older and had participated in physical leisure activities. In total, 215 data were used for the analysis. Additionally, single regression analysis, multiple regression analysis, and bootstrapping-based mediating effect verification were performed.Results: The hedonic participation motive of leisure activities had a significant effect on physical confidence and appearance management attitude. However, the practical participation motive had no significant effect. Moreover, the mediating role of physical confidence in the path of hedonic participation motivation on appearance management attitude was verified. Finally, the appearance management attitude had a significant positive relationship with all appearance management behavior.Conclusion: This study is academically significant in that it explores the relationship between leisure activities and beauty in the era of super-aging, where successful aging has become increasingly important. Additionally, it offers useful data for senior marketing in the leisure and beauty industries.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77766673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of the Eyebrow Shape of Men for Semi-permanent Makeup Design","authors":"Seon-Ouk Park, E. An, Jeong-hee Kim","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2022.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2022.0015","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: With the contemporary shift in men’s attitudes about their appearance and personal grooming, demand for semi-permanent eyebrow makeup is increasing. The ability to design esthetically pleasing, natural-looking eyebrows has become a competitive skill that makeup artists specializing in semi-permanent eyebrow makeup should consistently demonstrate.Methods: Herein, we measured the eyebrow shapes of 300 Korean men in their 20’s and 30’s. These measurements were used to determine the typical eyebrows forms that are representative of men’s eyebrows.Results: The average width, thickness, and arch peak of the eyebrow were 55, 8.3, and 4 mm, respectively. The direction, thickness, and width of the eyebrow and the distance between the eyebrow and the eye were the most important aspects determining eyebrow shape. Based on the eyebrow form features, male eyebrows were divided into three categories: standard, straight, and upward.Conclusion: According to these form features, individual eyebrow shapes can be evaluated and adjusted with the standard type. Additionally, these measurements can be used to improve the esthetic design of semi-permanent eyebrow makeup.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88549443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Changes in Haircut Shapes by Mixing Same Layer Haircut and One Length Haircut According to the Division of Head and Slice Lines During Hair Cutting Ⅲ","authors":"Seon-Mi Jang, Won-Ji Jung","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2022.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2022.0008","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide data for the cut design by demonstrating the change of shape and length of the cut style after applying three slice lines of A-line, parallel line and V-line after sectioning the hair in three ways and applying a same layer cut at the bottom, a one-length cut at the top.Method: After dividing the hair into the front side point-golden point+2 (F-G+2), side point-golden back medium point+1 (S-GBMP+1), and ear point-back point (E-B), same layer cut and one-length cut were applied to the upper and the lower part respectively. Finally, the hair cut was completed using slice lines of A line, parallel line and V line.Result: As a result of sectioning the hair in three ways and cutting the hair applying a one length cut at the top and a same layer cut at the bottom, the length and shape of the cut changed according to the location and slice line.Conclusion: It was demonstrated that the combination of a one length cut and a same layer cut applied to the hair section can adjust the weight and silhouette of the haircut according to the location and slice line of the divided area, enabling a planned and creative cut design.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76446617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Service Quality on the Psychological Well-being and Self-actualization of the Elderly Who Receive Beauty Welfare Services","authors":"Jong Hyun Park, Oh-Hyeok Kwon","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2022.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2022.0033","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aims to research the effects the quality of beauty welfare service for the elderly has on the psychological happiness of the elderly and have the government or a local self-governing body effectively provide the elderly with beauty welfare service.Method: In this study, a survey was conducted from November 22 to December 5 (2 weeks), 2021 for the elderly receiving elderly customized care services in Nonsan and Chungcheongnam-do, and the final 329 copies were used for analysis. As for the analysis method, frequency analysis was performed to identify general characteristics, factor analysis and reliability analysis were performed to analyze the validity and reliability of the measurement tool, and correlation analysis was performed to identify the correlation between independent and dependent variables.Results: As a result of conducting this study, first, the guarantee of beauty welfare service was shown to have a statistically significant (p<0.05) influence on the elderly’s psychological happiness and self-realization. Second, the tangibility of beauty welfare service was shown to have a statistically significant (p<0.05) influence on the elderly’s psychological happiness and self-realization. Third, the technical characteristics of beauty welfare service were shown to have a statistically significant (p<0.05) influence on the elderly’s psychological happiness and self-realization.Conclusion: This study was conducted to investigate the effects the quality of beauty welfare service for the elderly has on the psychological happiness and self-realization of the elderly who are provided with the service. The study found that the guarantee, tangibility, and technical characteristics of the quality of beauty welfare service have a statistically significant influence on the elderly’s psychological happiness and self-realization.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79603106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Skin Wrinkle Improvement Effect of Mixed Extracts of Bletilla striata Reichenbach fil., Ampelopsis japonica, Atractylodes japonica, etc.","authors":"Mi-jeong Choi","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2021.0277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2021.0277","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the skin wrinkle improvement effect of a mixture of Bletilla striata Reichenbach fil., Ampelopsis japonica, Angelica dahurica, Atractylodes japonica, Ligusticum sinense Oliv, Ligusticum officinale, and Angelica gigas (BAA).Methods: In this study, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity evaluation, SOD (superoxide dismutase)-like activity, xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity evaluation, anti-wrinkle activity test, hyaluronic acid production confirmation, and cytotoxicity evaluation were performed to evaluate the cosmetic functionality of the fermented mixed extract.Results: As a result of ABTS radical analysis, BAA-4 was the highest at 500 μg/mL (63.7%). As a result of DPPH radical analysis, BAA-4 was the highest at 61.4%. As a result of SOD-like activity analysis, it was found that BAA-4 increased SOD-like activity to 33.0±3.7% at a concentration of 500 μg/mL. As for the xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity analysis result, the same as the SOD-like activity result, BAA-4 showed the highest concentration of 1.3±2.8% at the concentration of 500 μg/mL. As a result of collagenase activity and elastase analysis, BAA-4 was the highest at a concentration of 500 μg/mL (46.1±3.6% and 51.9±3.9%, respectively). As for the hyaluronic acid content, BAA-4 was found to be the highest at 257.4 ng/mL, and cell viability was found to be more than 95% at allconcentrations, confirming that all mixed extracts (BAA-1 to 4) had no cytotoxicity. Conclusion: These research results suggest that the mixed extract has an excellent collagen production promoting effect and can be applied as a safe natural wrinkleimproving cosmetic material that does not cause skin irritation.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88348462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The History of Salted-Seafood Consumption and an Evaluation of its Nutritional and Functional Value","authors":"Jae-Seok Lee, Ji-Min Park, A. Kim","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2022.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2022.0035","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the history, nutrition, and functional value of saltedfish intake from prehistoric to modern times worldwide. There is a very long history of human salted-fish intake as demonstrated by the traces of salted seafood left in ancient Egyptian murals and the fact that salted seafood was an important trade product in the Mediterranean sea. The intake of salted seafood is believed to have spread throughout the world after it was established as a traditional fermented food in Southeast Asia. Although the ingredients used to produce salted-fish differ in every country, the purpose of salted-fish manufacturing has remained the same in every country: the long-term preservation of fish and shellfish and the supply of animal protein. In modern society, the need for salted fish and shellfish has declined with advances in refrigeration and storage technology, but consumers' needs for the unique flavor, nutrition, and functionality of salted seafood are increasing. We hope that this comprehensive review of the history and the nutritional and functional aspects of humans’ salted-seafood intake will aid in the development and distribution of salted seafood, which will further satisfy consumers' preferences and salted seafood’s functionality.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82637648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of the Quality of Online Lectures and Academic Self-Efficacy on the Lecture Satisfaction of College Students Majoring in Beauty","authors":"Woo-Been Kim, Jung-Eun Park, Y. Lim, Eunjin Park","doi":"10.20402/ajbc.2022.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20402/ajbc.2022.0010","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of online lecture quality and academic self-efficacy on the lecture satisfaction of college students majoring in beauty.Methods: The data were collected from university students majoring in beauty and were subsequently analyzed using the Social Science Statistics Package (SPSS) 22.0. Frequency, factor, reliability, and regression analyses were performed.Results: Most survey participants from the studied college evinced the following general characteristics: female first-year hair majors residing in a metropolitan area. The validity and reliability of online lecture quality were determined via three factors: class content, interaction, and learning environment. Academic self-efficacy was ascertained through three factors: task difficulty preference, confidence, and selfregulation effectiveness. Finally, task satisfaction was established through the two elements of overall contentment and instructor approval. The study found that online lecture quality and academic self-efficacy of college students majoring in beauty exerted a positive (+) significant effect on lecture satisfaction.Conclusion: The results of this study are expected to represent basic data for use in the development of beauty colleges, which should plan and implement measures to improve lecture quality and academic self-efficacy during the delivery of online classes.","PeriodicalId":8508,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88245402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}