Injury control and safety promotion最新文献

{"title":"Partner violence as a risk factor for mental health among women from communities in the Philippines, Egypt, Chile, and India.","authors":"Beatriz Vizcarra,&nbsp;Fatma Hassan,&nbsp;Wanda M Hunter,&nbsp;Sergio R Muñoz,&nbsp;Laurie Ramiro,&nbsp;Cristiane S De Paula","doi":"10.1080/15660970412331292351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15660970412331292351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although studies have documented the associations between Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and mental health, few have been done in developing countries. In this study, the association between IPV and mental health in women from different developing countries was established. Women, 15 to 49 years old with at least one child 18 years old or younger, were randomly selected from communities in Chile, Egypt, India, and the Philippines (N = 3974). The Self Report questionnaire (SRQ) was used to assess mental health. Women with a score on the SRQ of 8 or more, or who reported ever attempting suicide, were classified as having poor mental health. Physical IPV was defined as being slapped, hit, kicked, beaten or threatened by a male partner during the past year. Psychological violence included being insulted or belittled, threatened or abandoned. Between 22.5% (in Egypt) to 41% (in Chile) of participating women reported a score of eight or more on the SRQ. High score on the SRQ were significantly associated with current physical and psychological IPV in the samples from all participating countries except Chile. Twelve percent of women in Chile, 2.6%, in Egypt, 7.5% in India and 1.6% in the Philippines reported attempting suicide. Suicide attempts were also associated with current physical IPV in the Philippines, Egypt, and India, and with psychological violence in Egypt and India. IPV is significant risk factor for poor mental health in these developing countries. Efforts to reduce IPV should be considered as part of a mental health program.</p>","PeriodicalId":84914,"journal":{"name":"Injury control and safety promotion","volume":"11 2","pages":"125-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15660970412331292351","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24684118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical intimate partner violence in Chile, Egypt, India and the Philippines.","authors":"Fatma Hassan,&nbsp;Laura S Sadowski,&nbsp;Shrikant I Bangdiwala,&nbsp;Beatriz Vizcarra,&nbsp;Laurie Ramiro,&nbsp;Cristiane S De Paula,&nbsp;Isabel A S Bordin,&nbsp;M K Mitra","doi":"10.1080/15660970412331292333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15660970412331292333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Violence against women is recognized by globally as a serious health and social problem that impedes development.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the magnitude of physical intimate partner violence against women in six selected communities from Chile, Egypt, India and the Philippines.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Population-based household surveys.</p><p><strong>Settings: </strong>Selected urban communities in Temuco, Chile; Ismailia, Egypt; Lucknow, Trivandrum, and Vellore non-slum areas of India; and in Manila, the Philippines.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Women aged 15-49 years who cared for at least one child younger than 18 years old. The number of participants per community was 442 (Santa Rosa, Chile), 631 (El-Sheik Zayed, Egypt), 506 (Lucknow, India), 700 (Trivandrum, India), 716 (Vellore, India) and 1000 (Paco, the Philippines).</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Lifetime and Current physical intimate partner violence (IPV) was measured using standard definitions and four behaviors of actions--namely slap, hit, kick and beat. Three derived variables for severity included: disabling IPV, IPV-related injury requiring health care and multiple severe IPV (presence of hit and kick and beat).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Percentages of lifetime and current physical intimate partner violence (IPV) against women in our sample of 3975 were as follows: 24.9 and 3.6 (Santa Rosa), 11.1 and 10.5 (El-Sheik Zayed), 34.6 and 25.3 (Lucknow), 43.1 and 19.6 (Trivandrum) 31.0 and 16.2 (Vellore), and 21.2 and 6.2 (Paco). Multiple severe physical IPV was more common in the three communities within India (9.0%, 5.9% and 8.0% in Trivandrum, Lucknow and Vellore) than the other three communities (Santa Rosa 2.1%; El-Sheik Zayed 2.9% and Paco 1.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Physical IPV was found to be a common phenomenon in all six communities. Overall, patterns of IPV behaviors were similar among the six communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":84914,"journal":{"name":"Injury control and safety promotion","volume":"11 2","pages":"111-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15660970412331292333","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24684116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk markers of severe psychological violence against women: a WorldSAFE multi-country study.","authors":"Laurie S Ramiro,&nbsp;Fatma Hassan,&nbsp;Abraham Peedicayil","doi":"10.1080/15660970412331292360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15660970412331292360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was an attempt to determine the prevalence and significant risk factors associated with severe psychological violence in 6 WorldSAFE sites. The respondents were 3975 women aged 15-49 years and residing in selected urban areas in Chile, Egypt, the Philippines and India. Using a standard instrument translated locally, psychological violence was measured using items indicating the following domains: verbal abuse, fear and separation. A woman who had experienced severe psychological violence had admitted that she had experienced any of the above-mentioned behaviors '3 or more times' in her lifetime (lifetime prevalence) or with her current partner during the past 12 months (current prevalence). The results showed a lifetime prevalence of severe psychological violence ranging from 10.5% of women in Egypt to about 50% in Chile and Trivandrum, India. Verbal abuse was most common among the different behavioral indicators. A woman's mental health status and partner alcohol use were found to be the common significant risk factors. Recommendations were made to facilitate efforts to address severe psychological violence in developing countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":84914,"journal":{"name":"Injury control and safety promotion","volume":"11 2","pages":"131-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/15660970412331292360","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24685180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clubs volunteering for sports injury prevention research - is there any selection bias?","authors":"Tsharni Zazryn,&nbsp;Rebecca Braham,&nbsp;Caroline Finch","doi":"10.1076/icsp.11.1.67.26315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1076/icsp.11.1.67.26315","url":null,"abstract":"Fundamental to any epidemiological research is the recruitment of a representative sample of participants. Selection bias can occur if volunteers self-select if they are worried about the specific exposure or injury outcome. Minimising selection bias is a particular concern when recruiting participants into a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of the effectiveness of a new intervention. Group RCTs, which randomly allocate a ‘pre-formed’ group rather than individuals to each study arm, can help to remove bias and eliminate contamination effects. Group randomisation of teams of players is an appropriate strategy for sports injury studies since there is a natural grouping of players into teams under the wider control of a single coaching team. However, teams of players are still required to volunteer for such studies. Ideally this should be done before randomisation to intervention arms. The Australian Football Injury Prevention Project (AFIPP) was an RCT to examine the effectiveness of headgear and mouthguards in Australian football. Community football teams from clubs in metropolitan Melbourne, Victoria were allocated to four intervention arms: (a) soft-shell headgear, (b) custom-made, tri-laminate mouthguards, (c) headgear and mouthguards, and (d) control. The sampling process required clubs to nominate whole teams of players to the same intervention arm. Clubs were not aware a priori of what protective equipment, if any, their players would be required to wear during the study. The aim of this study reported here was to identify any selection bias in the volunteering of clubs for AFIPP. Methods and procedures","PeriodicalId":84914,"journal":{"name":"Injury control and safety promotion","volume":"11 1","pages":"67-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1076/icsp.11.1.67.26315","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24405976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of work injuries in mines - an application of structural equation modelling.","authors":"J Maiti,&nbsp;S Chatterjee,&nbsp;S I Bangdiwala","doi":"10.1076/icsp.11.1.29.26305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1076/icsp.11.1.29.26305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In spite of stringent regulations and much attention towards reducing risks in the physical environment, the mining industry continues to be associated with high levels of accidents, injuries and illnesses. Only engineering solutions to accident prevention are inappropriate unless coupled with focused attention to the attitudes and behaviours of the mineworkers in coping with the inherent physical, technical and situational risks. The present study identified these various risk factors and analysed their influences on work injury in a causal framework. Data were collected from an underground coalmine of India. The pattern and strength of relationships of 16 causal factors with work injuries were assessed through structural equation modelling. The case study results showed that negatively personified individuals are of major concern for safety improvement in the mine studied. They not only fail to avoid work injuries, they are unable to extend safe work behaviours in their work. The variable safety environment is negatively affected by personality, whereas social support has a positive relationship with safety environment. The variable job hazards appeared to have a significant relationship with job involvement, which has a negative relationship with work injury. Elimination of negative behaviours must be focused and committed by the mine safety management. Long term planning through (i) identification of negative individuals, (ii) proper councelling of adverse effects of negative behaviours, and (iii) special training with psychological treatment is highly required. Identification may begin while recruiting new workers through interview. Proper allocation of jobs (right person for right job) may be a judicial solution to this end.</p>","PeriodicalId":84914,"journal":{"name":"Injury control and safety promotion","volume":"11 1","pages":"29-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1076/icsp.11.1.29.26305","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24406030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A benefit-cost analysis of the Harlem hospital injury prevention program.","authors":"Rebecca S Spicer,&nbsp;Ted R Miller,&nbsp;Maureen S Durkin,&nbsp;Barbara Barlow","doi":"10.1076/icsp.11.1.55.26306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1076/icsp.11.1.55.26306","url":null,"abstract":"Each year, an estimated 20%–25% of children are injured seriously enough to require medical attention or miss school. Injury rates are especially high among urban and minority children. To address this elevated risk, the Harlem Hospital Injury Prevention Program (HHIPP) was implemented in the fall of 1988 in the Central Harlem Health District of New York City. Davidson et al. examined the impact of the HHIPP on severe injury rates and found that, after adjusting for annual and seasonal trends, the injury rate declined by 26%. This article builds on this impact evaluation with a benefit-cost evaluation from a health care spending perspective. We examined whether medical cost savings resulting from injuries prevented outweighed the program cost.","PeriodicalId":84914,"journal":{"name":"Injury control and safety promotion","volume":"11 1","pages":"55-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1076/icsp.11.1.55.26306","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24405973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost analysis of road traffic crashes in South Africa.","authors":"Abiodun Olukoga","doi":"10.1076/icsp.11.1.59.26304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1076/icsp.11.1.59.26304","url":null,"abstract":"Road traffic crashes create a social and economic problem in South Africa. The county has a high crash rate of 1261 crashes per 100,000 of the population. Gauteng province accounts for a majority of the road traffic crashes and has the highest rate per population of all South Africa provinces. The cost of damage, only, minor, major, and fatal road traffic crashes were US$ 1962, US$ 2965, US$ 11,031 and US$ 48,561 respectively. These costs represent a remediable drain on the limited resources of the country. There is an urgent need for more efforts and resources to be channeled to address the issues of road traffic safety in the country.","PeriodicalId":84914,"journal":{"name":"Injury control and safety promotion","volume":"11 1","pages":"59-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1076/icsp.11.1.59.26304","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24405974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, beliefs and attitudes of squash venue operators relating to use of protective eyewear.","authors":"Rochelle Eime,&nbsp;Caroline Finch,&nbsp;Neville Owen,&nbsp;Sandra Gifford,&nbsp;Paul Vear","doi":"10.1076/icsp.11.1.47.26309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1076/icsp.11.1.47.26309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sports venues are in a position to potentially influence the safety practices of their patrons. This study examined the knowledge, beliefs and attitudes of venue operators that could influence the use of protective eyewear by squash players. A 50% random sample of all private and public squash venues affiliated with the Victorian Squash Federation in metropolitan Melbourne was selected. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 15 squash venue operators during August 2001. Interviews were transcribed and content and thematic analyses were performed. The content of the interviews covered five topics: (1) overall injury risk perception, (2) eye injury occurrence, (3) knowledge, behaviors, attitudes and beliefs associated with protective eyewear, (4) compulsory protective eyewear and (5) availability of protective eyewear at venues. Venue operators were mainly concerned with the severe nature of eye injuries, rather than the relatively low incidence of these injuries. Some venue operators believed that players should wear any eyewear, rather than none at all, and believed that more players should use protective eyewear. Generally, they did not believe that players with higher levels of experience and expertise needed to wear protective eyewear when playing. Only six venues had at least one type of eyewear available for players to hire or borrow or to purchase. Operators expressed a desire to be informed about correct protective eyewear. Appropriate protective eyewear is not readily available at squash venues. Better-informed venue operators may be more likely to provide suitable protective eyewear.</p>","PeriodicalId":84914,"journal":{"name":"Injury control and safety promotion","volume":"11 1","pages":"47-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1076/icsp.11.1.47.26309","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24405972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Matched analysis of parent's and children's attitudes and practices towards motor vehicle and bicycle safety: an important information gap.","authors":"Peter F Ehrlich,&nbsp;James C Helmkamp,&nbsp;Janet M Williams,&nbsp;Arshadul Haque,&nbsp;Paul M Furbee","doi":"10.1076/icsp.11.1.23.26307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1076/icsp.11.1.23.26307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to compare parents' and children's attitudes and habits towards use of bicycle helmets and car seat belts. We hypothesized that parental perception of their children's safety practices did not reflect actual behavior and further, that parental practices, rather than their beliefs about a particular safety practice, have a greater affect on their child's risk-taking behavior. The study population consisted of children in grades four and five and their parents/guardians. Participation in the cross-sectional study was voluntary and confidential anonymous questionnaires were used. In separate and independent surveys, children and parents were questioned in parallel about their knowledge, habits and attitudes toward bicycle helmet use and car safety practices. In the study, 731 students participated with 329 matched child-parent pairs. Ninety-five percent of the children own bicycles and 88% have helmets. Seventy percent of parents report their child always wears a helmet, while only 51% of children report always wearing one (p < 0.05). One-fifth of the children never wear a helmet, whereas parents think only 4% of their children never use one (p < 0.05). Parents report their children wear seat belts 92% of the time while 30% of children report not wearing one. Thirty-eight percent of children ride bicycles with their parents and wear their helmets more often than those who do not ride with their parents (p < 0.05). Parents who always wear a seat belt are more likely to have children who sit in the back seat and wear a seat belt (p < 0.05). Parents' perceptions of their children's safety practices may not be accurate and their actions do affect their children's. Injury prevention programs that target both parents and children may have a greater impact on reducing risk-taking behaviors than working with each group in isolation.</p>","PeriodicalId":84914,"journal":{"name":"Injury control and safety promotion","volume":"11 1","pages":"23-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1076/icsp.11.1.23.26307","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24406029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges for surveillance for injury prevention.","authors":"John Langley","doi":"10.1076/icsp.11.1.3.26311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1076/icsp.11.1.3.26311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Injury surveillance has, and will continue to have, a critical role to play in reducing injury. If injury surveillance is going to realise its full potential in reducing injury, however, there are a number of challenges we need to address. These include: (1) agreeing on what is an injury, (2) focusing on important injuries, (3) improving surveillance of important injury events, and (4) improving surveillance of risk and protective factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":84914,"journal":{"name":"Injury control and safety promotion","volume":"11 1","pages":"3-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1076/icsp.11.1.3.26311","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24406026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}