Asia Pacific Allergy最新文献

{"title":"APAAACI Allergy Week on Climate change, One Health and digital health.","authors":"Ruby Pawankar, Jiu-Yao Wang","doi":"10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000107","DOIUrl":"10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000107","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8488,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Allergy","volume":"13 2","pages":"57-59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0a/ec/pa9-13-57.PMC10287106.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9736528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of hereditary angioedema in resource-constrained settings: A consensus statement from Indian subcontinent.","authors":"Ankur Kumar Jindal,&nbsp;Archan Sil,&nbsp;Ridhima Aggarwal,&nbsp;Keshavamurthy Vinay,&nbsp;Anuradha Bishnoi,&nbsp;Deepti Suri,&nbsp;Amit Rawat,&nbsp;Muthu Sendhil Kumaran,&nbsp;Biman Saikia,&nbsp;Rashmi Sarkar,&nbsp;Lalit Gupta,&nbsp;D Dinesh Kumar,&nbsp;Rashmi Jindal,&nbsp;T U Sukumaran,&nbsp;Jose Ouseph,&nbsp;Hilary Longhurst,&nbsp;Ruby Pawankar,&nbsp;Surjit Singh,&nbsp;Sunil Dogra","doi":"10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is an uncommon disorder characterized clinically by recurrent episodes of nonitchy subcutaneous and/or submucosal swellings. The estimated prevalence of HAE is ~ 1: 10,000 to 1: 50,000. There are no prevalence data from India, however, estimates suggest that there are 27,000 to 135,000 patients with HAE in India at present. The majority of these, however, remain undiagnosed. Replacement of plasma-derived or recombinant C1-esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) protein, administered intravenously, is the treatment of choice during the management of acute episodes of angioedema (i.e., \"on-demand treatment\") and is also useful for short-term prophylaxis (STP) and long-term prophylaxis (LTP). This has been found to be effective and safe even in young children and during pregnancy. Until recently, none of the first-line treatment options were available for \"on-demand treatment,\" STP or LTP in India. As a result, physicians had to use fresh frozen plasma for both \"on-demand treatment\" and STP. For LTP, attenuated androgens (danazol or stanozolol) and/or tranexamic acid were commonly used. These drugs have been reported to be useful for LTP but are associated with a significant risk of adverse effects. Intravenous pd-C1-INH, the first-line treatment option, is now available in India. However, because there is no universal health insurance, access to pd-C1-INH is a significant challenge. HAE Society of India has developed these consensus guidelines for India and other resource-constrained settings where plasma-derived C1-INH therapy is the only available first-line treatment option for the management of HAE and diagnostic facilities are limited. These guidelines have been developed because it may not be possible for all patients to access the recommended therapy and at the recommended doses as suggested by the international guidelines. Moreover, it may not be feasible to follow the evaluation algorithm suggested by the international guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":8488,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Allergy","volume":"13 2","pages":"60-65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/91/31/pa9-13-60.PMC10287105.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9741944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between prenatal and neonatal risk factors and development of bronchiolitis in early life.","authors":"Po-Sung Chen,&nbsp;Yi-Fen Tsai,&nbsp;Hong-Ren Yu,&nbsp;Chih-Hsing Hung,&nbsp;Wei-Yu Chen,&nbsp;Ching-Wei Lin,&nbsp;Ju Lee,&nbsp;Chih-An Chen,&nbsp;Hui-Ju Tsai,&nbsp;Jiu-Yao Wang","doi":"10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bronchiolitis is the most common seasonal viral respiratory disorder in infants. However, risk factors for the development of bronchiolitis, particularly during pregnancy, remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A questionnaire was administered to the parents of the hospitalized infants with acute bronchiolitis to obtain information regarding patients' medical, family, and prenatal exposure history. Logistic regression with adjustment was performed to evaluate risk factors associated with bronchiolitis in the infants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the enrolled patients, 55 (36.7%) were diagnosed as having bronchiolitis, and the majority (89%) of the patients had moderate-to-severe bronchiolitis. The bronchiolitis group had lower C-reactive protein levels than did the control group. Fewer patients in the bronchiolitis group developed fever. However, hospital stays were longer in the bronchiolitis group than in the control group. Respiratory syncytial virus was the most detected virus (23/26, 88.6%) in the bronchiolitis group. Male sex (odds ratio [OR], 5.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.02-16.12; <i>P</i> < 0.001), antibiotic usage during pregnancy (OR, 27.2; 95% CI, 1.12-660.84; <i>P</i> = 0.04), and viral infection (OR, 49.3; 95% CI, 9.01-270.26; <i>P</i> < 0.001) during the postnatal period were significantly associated with hospitalization for acute bronchiolitis in the infants. By contrast, pet exposure during the perinatal period was significantly and negatively associated with acute bronchiolitis (OR = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.07-0.69, <i>P</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Environmental exposures during pregnancy may affect respiratory health in offspring, and effective strategies should be developed to prevent bronchiolitis in early life.</p>","PeriodicalId":8488,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Allergy","volume":"13 1","pages":"10-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/82/df/pa9-13-10.PMC10166242.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9738086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new journey of <i>Asia Pacific Allergy</i>.","authors":"Ruby Pawankar,&nbsp;Luo Zhang","doi":"10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8488,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Allergy","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/90/0d/pa9-13-01.PMC10166239.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9738088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thyroid disease post-COVID-19 infection: Report of a case with new-onset autoimmune thyroid disease.","authors":"Anh Ngoc Trinh,&nbsp;Kim Han Nguyen,&nbsp;Dinh Van Nguyen","doi":"10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present hyperthyroidism with autoimmune thyroid disease, which developed a few weeks after the COVID-19 infection in a patient with no prior thyroid disease. Our case was described with clinical presentations, diagnostic tests, and subsequent patient management and compared to other similar reported cases. A 28-year-old female patient with no prior history of thyroid dysfunction developed hyperthyroidism 8 weeks after COVID-19 infection, confirmed by low thyroid stimulating hormone, high free thyroxine 4, and thyroid receptor antibody. She was treated and responded well to methimazole 20 mg in a few weeks. We searched the literature and found three other similar reported cases and compared those. The effects of COVID-19 infection on the immune system and the thyroid gland might explain the pathology of hyperthyroidism post-COVID-19 infection in this patient. This new-onset hyperthyroidism was found in a woman with mild symptoms and responded well to thiamazole and β-blockers.</p>","PeriodicalId":8488,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Allergy","volume":"13 1","pages":"54-56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/93/b0/pa9-13-54.PMC10166241.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10115515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The epithelial barrier theory: Development and exacerbation of allergic and other chronic inflammatory diseases.","authors":"Umut Can Kucuksezer,&nbsp;Cevdet Ozdemir,&nbsp;Duygu Yazici,&nbsp;Yagiz Pat,&nbsp;Yasutaka Mitamura,&nbsp;Manru Li,&nbsp;Na Sun,&nbsp;Paolo D'Avino,&nbsp;Xiangting Bu,&nbsp;Xueyi Zhu,&nbsp;Mubeccel Akdis,&nbsp;Kari Nadeau,&nbsp;Ismail Ogulur,&nbsp;Cezmi A Akdis","doi":"10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is now longer than half a century, humans, animals, and nature of the world are under the influence of exposure to many newly introduced noxious substances. These exposures are nowadays pushing the borders to be considered as the causative or exacerbating factors for many chronic disorders including allergic, autoimmune/inflammatory, and metabolic diseases. The epithelial linings serve as the outermost body's primary physical, chemical, and immunological barriers against external stimuli. The \"epithelial barrier theory\" hypothesizes that these diseases are aggravated by an ongoing periepithelial inflammation triggered by exposure to a wide range of epithelial barrier-damaging insults that lead to \"epithelitis\" and the release of alarmins. A leaky epithelial barrier enables the microbiome's translocation from the periphery to interepithelial and even deeper subepithelial areas together with allergens, toxins, and pollutants. Thereafter, microbial dysbiosis, characterized by colonization of opportunistic pathogen bacteria and loss of the number and biodiversity of commensal bacteria take place. Local inflammation, impaired tissue regeneration, and remodeling characterize the disease. The infiltration of inflammatory cells to affected tissues shows an effort to expulse the tissue invading bacteria, allergens, toxins, and pollutants away from the deep tissues to the surface, representing the \"expulsion response.\" Cells that migrate to other organs from the inflammatory foci may play roles in the exacerbation of various inflammatory diseases in distant organs. The purpose of this review is to highlight and appraise recent opinions and findings on epithelial physiology and its role in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases in view of the epithelial barrier theory.</p>","PeriodicalId":8488,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Allergy","volume":"13 1","pages":"28-39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/87/70/pa9-13-28.PMC10166244.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10115517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food allergy prevention: Where are we in 2023?","authors":"Carina Venter, Peter K Smith, David M Fleischer","doi":"10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000001","DOIUrl":"10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food allergy prevention involves recommendations to the maternal diet during pregnancy and breast feeding, early life feeding and introduction of solid foods. Pregnant and breastfeeding women are not recommended to exclude any food allergens from their diet, but data are lacking to support active consumption of food allergens for prevention of food allergy. Breastfeeding is recommended for the many health benefits to the mother and child but has not shown any association with reduction in childhood food allergies. There is currently no recommendation regarding the use of any infant formula for allergy prevention, including the use of partially or extensively hydrolyzed formulas. Once the introduction of solid food commences, based on randomized controlled trials, it is advised to actively introduce peanuts and egg early into the infant diet and continue with consumption of these. Although there are limited data with respect to other major food allergens and whether early introduction may prevent allergy development, there is no need to delay the introduction of these allergens into the infant diet. Interpreting food allergen consumption in the context of cultural food practices has not been studied, but it makes sense to introduce the infant to family foods by 1 year of age. Consumption of foods typical of the Western diet and foods high in advanced glycation end products may be associated with an increase in food allergies. Similarly, intake of micronutrients, such as vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids in both the maternal and infant diet, needs further clarification in the context of food allergy prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":8488,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Allergy","volume":"13 1","pages":"15-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d0/98/pa9-13-15.PMC10166243.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9730162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world data: A relevant component in the framework of scientific evidence.","authors":"Giorgio W Canonica,&nbsp;Lorenzo Del Moro,&nbsp;Giovanni Costanzo,&nbsp;Emanuele Nappi,&nbsp;Giovanni Paoletti","doi":"10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Explanatory randomized controlled clinical trials test hypotheses to see if the intervention causes an outcome of interest in optimal circumstances, that is, established by selecting patients based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and controlled environments. They assess the \"efficacy\" of an intervention. On the contrary, it is crucial for society to address issues related to real-world clinical practices. This need can be fulfilled by real-world studies. We discuss the challenges in obtaining real-world evidence in asthma, debating the importance of including patients who are typically excluded from randomized controlled clinical trials to ensure the generalizability of the results. We conclude by discussing the integration of real-world evidence in guidelines and the need for standard rules to use real-world evidence in guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":8488,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Allergy","volume":"13 1","pages":"40-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/97/86/pa9-13-40.PMC10166240.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10115519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 in the Asia Pacific: Impact on climate change, allergic diseases and One Health.","authors":"Ruby Pawankar, Bernard Y Thong, Marysia T Recto, Jiu-Yao Wang, Amir Hamzah Abdul Latiff, Ting-Fan Leung, Philip H Li, Rommel Crisenio M Lobo, Michela Lucas, Jae-Won Oh, Wasu Kamchaisatian, Mizuho Nagao, Iris Rengganis, Zarir F Udwadia, Raja Dhar, Sonomjamts Munkhbayarlakh, Logii Narantsetseg, Duy L Pham, Yuan Zhang, Luo Zhang","doi":"10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000021","DOIUrl":"10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change and environmental factors such as air pollution and loss of biodiversity are known to have a major impact not only on allergic diseases but also on many noncommunicable diseases. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) resulted in many environmental changes during the different phases of the pandemic. The use of face masks, enhanced hand hygiene with hand rubs and sanitizers, use of personal protective equipment (gowns and gloves), and safe-distancing measures, reduced the overall incidence of respiratory infections and other communicable diseases. Lockdowns and border closures resulted in a significant reduction in vehicular traffic and hence environmental air pollution. Paradoxically, the use of personal protective equipment and disposables contributed to an increase in environmental waste disposal and new problems such as occupational dermatoses, especially among healthcare workers. Environmental changes and climate change over time may impact the exposome, genome, and microbiome, with the potential for short- and long-term effects on the incidence and prevalence of the allergic disease. The constant use and access to mobile digital devices and technology disrupt work-life harmony and mental well-being. The complex interactions between the environment, genetics, immune, and neuroendocrine systems may have short- and long-term impact on the risk and development of allergic and immunologic diseases in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":8488,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Allergy","volume":"13 1","pages":"44-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/43/f5/pa9-13-44.PMC10166246.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10098544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunological dysfunction and mast cell activation syndrome in long COVID.","authors":"Stevent Sumantri,&nbsp;Iris Rengganis","doi":"10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At least 65 million people around the world suffer from long COVID-19, with the majority of cases occurring in the productive age (36-50 years old). Individuals with long COVID-19 are confounded with multiple organ system dysfunctions, long-term organ injury sequelae, and a decreased quality of life. There is an overlapping of risk factors between long COVID-19 and other postviral infection syndromes, so advances in research could also benefit other groups of patients. Long COVID-19 is the consequence of multiple immune system dysregulation, such as T-cell depletion, innate immune cell hyperactivity, lack of naive T and B cells, and elevated signature of pro-inflammatory cytokines, together with persistent severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 reservoir and other consequences of acute infection. There is an activated condition of mast cells in long COVID-19, with abnormal granulation and excessive inflammatory cytokine release. A study by Weinstock et al. indicates that patients with long COVID-19 suffer the same clinical syndrome as patients with mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS). Diagnosis and treatment of MCAS in patients with long COVID-19 will provide further symptomatic relief, and manage mast cell-mediated hyperinflammation states, which could be useful in the long-term control and recovery of such patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8488,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Allergy","volume":"13 1","pages":"50-53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ca/10/pa9-13-50.PMC10166245.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10115520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}