Eastern Africa social science research review最新文献_第3页

A Study on Types of Changes in Employment Quality and Influence Factors for Wage Workers with Disabilities 残疾工资劳动者就业质量变化类型及影响因素研究

Eastern Africa social science research review Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.18859/ssrr.2021.8.37.3.159

Han-sol Kim, D. Yeum

引用次数: 0

Fewer Jobs and More Migrants: Large Scale Agricultural Investment and Internal Migration in Ethiopia: 就业机会减少，移民增多:埃塞俄比亚大规模农业投资和国内移民

Eastern Africa social science research review Pub Date : 2021-08-28 DOI: 10.1353/eas.2021.0007

Chalachew Getahun Desta

{"title":"Fewer Jobs and More Migrants: Large Scale Agricultural Investment and Internal Migration in Ethiopia:","authors":"Chalachew Getahun Desta","doi":"10.1353/eas.2021.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/eas.2021.0007","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Large scale agricultural investments offer huge potential in creating employment opportunities, which, in turn, are expected to cause substantial migration. In Ethiopia, whereas extant ample literature shows substantial in-migration of people triggered by employment opportunities in scattered commercial farms and plantations established from 1950s to 1970s in the Awash Valley and other areas of the country, the literature on the link between large scale commercial farms recently leased to investors and migration is very limited. Using cross-sectional survey, this paper analyzed this link in the context of Saudi Star and Merti Agricultural Development farms, respectively in Abobo and Merti woredas. Results show that 34.4% of the respondents were migrants overall (45.1% for Abobo and 23.5% for Merti). Proportionally, more migrants than non-migrants were working in the commercial farms. However, this proportion (of employed migrants) was lower when compared to the total number of migrant respondents, suggesting that more migrants were not employed in the farms. The association between employment in commercial farms and a respondent’s migration status in the regression analysis is positive. Although the association is only statistically weakly significant or not significant at all, these results may suggest that migration to employment areas is not necessarily informed by actual employment but rather by migrants’ expectations encouraged by lowered costs of migration, a result in line with existing literature regarding labor migration and employment.","PeriodicalId":84617,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Africa social science research review","volume":"63 1","pages":"1 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88902090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Use of Whatsapp Social Media as Platform for Crowdfunding: Selected Observations in Tanzania 使用Whatsapp社交媒体作为众筹平台:坦桑尼亚的观察选择

Eastern Africa social science research review Pub Date : 2021-08-28 DOI: 10.1353/eas.2021.0008

H. P. Ngowi

引用次数: 0

Climate Change and The Nature of Intergenerational Transfer of Knowledge in The Contemporary World: The Case of Masasi District in Tanzania 气候变化与当代世界知识代际转移的性质:以坦桑尼亚马萨西地区为例

Eastern Africa social science research review Pub Date : 2021-07-28 DOI: 10.1353/eas.2021.0012

J. Kaijage

{"title":"Climate Change and The Nature of Intergenerational Transfer of Knowledge in The Contemporary World: The Case of Masasi District in Tanzania","authors":"J. Kaijage","doi":"10.1353/eas.2021.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/eas.2021.0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article discusses a detailed overview of the paradigm shift as a result of contemporary socio-economic and environmental changes, and their implications to the continuity in intergenerational transfer of traditional ecological knowledge. The continuity of intergenerational transfer of TEK faces challenges due to a number of factors, but most importantly being the erosion of traditional platforms for common sharing about the environment or environmental changes. The information presented in this article was mainly obtained from in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, photo narratives and data on climate from the Tanzania Meteorological Agency. A content analysis was used by the study to interpret phrases, terms and expressions used by respondents to respond to questions and in discussions conducted in line with the objectives. From the study findings it is seen how modern systems for communication such as the media, new ways of learning about the environment such as through Extension workers in agriculture are gradually overtaking traditional systems of knowledge sharing. In addition, the gradual inability of TEK to make accurate predictions about the environment in the context of a rapidly changing environment due to climate change is also causing distrust. For a generation that demands quick and tangible answers, TEK practices may not seem to satisfy this need.","PeriodicalId":84617,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Africa social science research review","volume":"7 1","pages":"149 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76285900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Impact of Satellite Television Programs On Ethiopian Culture: An Exploratory Study of Viewing Habits and Attitudes 卫星电视节目对埃塞俄比亚文化的影响:观看习惯和态度的探索性研究

Eastern Africa social science research review Pub Date : 2021-07-28 DOI: 10.1353/eas.2021.0009

Ato Daniel Erena, Dr. Hailu Gutema

{"title":"Impact of Satellite Television Programs On Ethiopian Culture: An Exploratory Study of Viewing Habits and Attitudes","authors":"Ato Daniel Erena, Dr. Hailu Gutema","doi":"10.1353/eas.2021.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/eas.2021.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The purpose of this study was to determine satellite television viewing habits of high and preparatory school students. The study also aimed at finding out whether viewing habits of students would indicate relationship with students’ attitudes, socioeconomic and gender background. The study is conducted on select private and government schools found in Nifas Silk Lafto sub-city of Addis Ababa. This exploratory study combined quantitative and qualitative research methods. Instruments of data collection composed of questionnaire and interview. The findings indicated that all the high school teenagers named television as the prime media followed by mobile device. The results revealed that fulfillment of affective needs were one of the most widely declared motivations for teenage satellite TV program consumers. The overwhelming majority of the students opted for movies as the prime show of the media. Most of the teenage students were found to be heavy TV viewers. This study also found that there is association between TV viewing habits, socioeconomic background, gender and attitude of teenage students towards various elements of culture imbibed from Kana TV movies and its impact. Findings of the present study have implication on media literacy training, an essential skill in the digital age.","PeriodicalId":84617,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Africa social science research review","volume":"17 1","pages":"103 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82758251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Information and Social Networks as Immediate Factors of Migration 信息和社会网络是移民的直接因素

Eastern Africa social science research review Pub Date : 2021-07-28 DOI: 10.1353/eas.2021.0010

Ataklti Gebreyesus, Shishay Tadesse

引用次数: 0

Challenges and Prospects of Cooperation Over the Nile River: State Policies and Determinants 尼罗河合作的挑战和前景:国家政策和决定因素

Eastern Africa social science research review Pub Date : 2021-07-28 DOI: 10.1353/eas.2021.0011

Zelalem Muchie

引用次数: 0

Positioning Migrants in Informal Cross Border Trade: The Case of Busia, Uganda-Kenya Border 非正规跨境贸易中移民的定位:以乌干达-肯尼亚边境布西亚为例

Eastern Africa social science research review Pub Date : 2021-03-19 DOI: 10.1353/EAS.2021.0005

R. Nakanjako, E. O. Onyango, R. Kabumbuli

{"title":"Positioning Migrants in Informal Cross Border Trade: The Case of Busia, Uganda-Kenya Border","authors":"R. Nakanjako, E. O. Onyango, R. Kabumbuli","doi":"10.1353/EAS.2021.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/EAS.2021.0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Informal cross-border trade (ICBT) is illegal in Uganda and Kenya because of revenue loss making it risky and thus traders are treated suspiciously. Regardless, internal and international migrants persistently engage in ICBT. This study thus sought to examine the motivating factors for migrants' continued engagement in ICBT despite state restrictions. Using ethnographic research design, the study captured and generated contextualised explanations of the motivating factors, migrants' behaviours, voices, concerns and thoughts. Fieldwork lasted for twelve months: February, 2015 to January, 2016. The data collection methods included in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and participant observation. Participants included migrant and local traders-men and women, transporters, border security, and local leaders. Findings indicate that the strength and density of migrants' social networks, their survival needs, border prospects, and weak enforcement of ICBT guidelines are key drivers of migrants to ICBT. Guided by social networks, migrant traders dominate petty trade, informal monetary exchange and other spill over entrepreneurial activities. Therefore, there is need to recognise that migrant economy is an increasingly vital contributor to the national economy of the countries connected by the border.","PeriodicalId":84617,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Africa social science research review","volume":"488 1","pages":"123 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79985610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Creating an Enabling Environment for Youth Small and Medium Enterprise Startups: A Comparative Study of Tanzania and India 为青年中小企业创业创造有利环境:坦桑尼亚与印度的比较研究

Eastern Africa social science research review Pub Date : 2021-03-19 DOI: 10.1353/EAS.2021.0001

Paschal B. Nade

{"title":"Creating an Enabling Environment for Youth Small and Medium Enterprise Startups: A Comparative Study of Tanzania and India","authors":"Paschal B. Nade","doi":"10.1353/EAS.2021.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/EAS.2021.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Small and medium enterprise (SMEs) sector is central to youth employment generation and contribution to national GDPs globally. This paper aimed at comparing the enabling environment for youth SMEs startups between India and Tanzania countries. This paper employed systematic literature review method where critical review of secondary data was made. The analysis noted that the two countries differ in three critical aspects of enabling environment for SMEs start up. These aspects are financial support, training support and material support. India has various grants, free and low interest rates schemes unlike Tanzania. The training system in India has been linked with some financial schemes, the component that you can hardly find in Tanzania. Also, India has various non-financial support for SMEs startup such as machines provision, workshop attendance support and spaces/accommodation support for small businesses. Tanzania has tried for the material support such as space support, yet it charges the SMEs owners some rents similar to established SMEs. Generally, SMEs startup environment in India is better compared to Tanzania. Tanzania can generate some lessons from India so as to improve its enabling environment for youth SMEs start up.","PeriodicalId":84617,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Africa social science research review","volume":"13 1","pages":"27 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80144885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

T.R.H. Nana Marcus Mosiah Garvey's "Universal Negro", Nana Kwame Nkrumah's "All-African," and the Theory of Intraspecific Aggressive Ideological Mimicry (AIM) 加维的“普遍黑人”、恩克鲁玛的“全非洲人”与种内侵略性意识形态拟态理论

Eastern Africa social science research review Pub Date : 2021-03-19 DOI: 10.1353/EAS.2021.0006

Ọbádélé Kambo, Lwanga Songsor

{"title":"T.R.H. Nana Marcus Mosiah Garvey's \"Universal Negro\", Nana Kwame Nkrumah's \"All-African,\" and the Theory of Intraspecific Aggressive Ideological Mimicry (AIM)","authors":"Ọbádélé Kambo, Lwanga Songsor","doi":"10.1353/EAS.2021.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/EAS.2021.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This paper explores ethological and sociological parallels drawing upon research on interspecific and intraspecific aggressive mimicry. In aggressive mimicry, the mimic imitates the model, oftentimes to achieve predatory or parasitic ends. By looking at articulated thoughts, words, and actions as covered in this study, we advance the idea that \"All-Africanism\" is an ideological mimic with respect to authentic Pan-Afrikanism centered on Black Power and the Black Survival Thrust. In fine, in their role as predators/parasites, All-Africanists lure in unsuspecting prey/hosts via a simple bait- and-switch strategy commonly seen in ethological contexts. In such contexts, mimicry can be visual, acoustic, chemical, tactile, electric, or any combination of these sensory modalities (Dalziell & Welbergen, 2016). We find that, similar to observations made in ethological studies, success of the aggressive mimic is often dependent on the victim not being able to discern the difference between the authentic model and the mimic. When and where timely discernment is possible, intended victims may be able to escape ideological predation just as in the case of physical predation. In this case, predatory aggressive ideological mimicry (AIM) involves the consumption of the victim's time, energy, resources, materials/money, and spirit/space (TERMS) and may lead to physical harm or even untimely death (Kambon, K. 2018, pp. 21-22).","PeriodicalId":84617,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Africa social science research review","volume":"50 1","pages":"145 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82658279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0