Applied behavioral science review最新文献_第7页

Community-based learning in urban settings as a model for educational reform 以社区为基础的城市学习作为教育改革的典范

Applied behavioral science review Pub Date : 1995-01-01 Epub Date: 2004-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80003-4

Arnetha F. Ball

{"title":"Community-based learning in urban settings as a model for educational reform","authors":"Arnetha F. Ball","doi":"10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80003-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80003-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article presents a broadened perspective on educational reform in urban settings to include sites of the “extracurriculum” in urban African-American communities, and invites readers to expand their vision of places where education takes place. Through portrayals of contemporary community-based organizations, the article explores present day non-school contexts where educational initiatives take place outside the academy. Specifically, the article focuses on community-based discourse and literacy practices of African American Vernacular English speaking participants in three community-based organizations and reports on observations during the first three years of a study of the role these organizations play in the participants' evolving uses of communicative skills. It documents some of the complex forms of language and literacy that take place across contexts and cultures for individuals who participate in such programs. Through brief vignettes, readers glimpse into the worlds of the extracurriculum and explore practices for learning that current reform efforts within schools would do well to attend to. The discussion that follows explores how observed learning practices actually ft into a theory of language maintenance for African American Vernacular English speakers. The concluding section focuses on useful insights that practitioners in the social sciences might gain from community-based organizations as we critically consider our role in facilitating educational reform for African American Vernacular English speaking students in urban settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":84178,"journal":{"name":"Applied behavioral science review","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 127-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80003-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56458928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Resource dependence or institutionalized fear? The organizational response of nursing homes to the AIDS crisis 资源依赖还是制度化的恐惧?疗养院对艾滋病危机的组织反应

Applied behavioral science review Pub Date : 1995-01-01 Epub Date: 2004-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80011-5

Robin Moremen Uili

{"title":"Resource dependence or institutionalized fear? The organizational response of nursing homes to the AIDS crisis","authors":"Robin Moremen Uili","doi":"10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80011-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80011-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As drug therapies increase the life expectancy of people with AIDS, we are beginning to think of AIDS as a chronic disease and are starting to address the long-term care needs of people living with AIDS. Nursing homes stand out among long-term care providers for their refusal to admit people with AIDS. Inadequate reimbursement, the increased costs of caring for AIDS patients, the potential loss of staff and other nursing home residents, and general fear of the disease account for much of the industry's response. This paper uses two theories in organizational sociology to make sense of the unwillingness of nursing homes to admit and treat people with AIDS. First, resource dependence theory argues that the decision to exclude AIDS patients is a conscious one, strategically managed by a coalition of interests in the nursing home. And, nursing homes have a formal policy that articulates this decision. Second, institutional theory argues that nursing homes do not have a formal AIDS policy, but refusing to admit AIDS patients demonstrates tacit conformity with widely-held negative assumptions about people with AIDS in other institutional settings. The paper concludes with a number of theoretically-based propositions for empirical testing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":84178,"journal":{"name":"Applied behavioral science review","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 21-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80011-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56459024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decreasing educational segregation in urban schools: the role of inclusive education and the need for structural change 减少城市学校的教育隔离:全纳教育的作用和结构变革的必要性

Applied behavioral science review Pub Date : 1995-01-01 Epub Date: 2004-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80005-0

John A. Kovach

{"title":"Decreasing educational segregation in urban schools: the role of inclusive education and the need for structural change","authors":"John A. Kovach","doi":"10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80005-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80005-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper deals with the continuing problem of educational segregation—the segregation <em>within</em> schools which occurs due to the disproportional assignment of minority students to categorical, “pull-out” programs related to special education. Although school districts have had some success at integration which transcends neighborhood boundaries, educational segregation remains a barrier to equity and is perhaps <em>the</em> civil rights issue facing the United States today due to the increased diversity of special needs students living in urban areas which are in a state of economic decline. The need for systemic reform in schools and the critical importance of community context are discussed along with the presentation of a strategy for long-term structural change. Recommendations for reform are introduced and linked to suggestions for collaborative political work and community organizing which could be used to effectively impact educational equity issues in the inner city. Finally, the prospects for change leading to a closing of the achievement gap for urban school students are analyzed within the context of the political mood of the 1990s. The present moment in history is seen as an opportune time for significant reforms which could lead to increased educational equity and a closing of the achievement gap.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":84178,"journal":{"name":"Applied behavioral science review","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 165-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80005-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56458957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Gender, social roles and health care utilization 性别、社会角色和保健利用

Applied behavioral science review Pub Date : 1995-01-01 Epub Date: 2004-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80012-3

Jennifer L. David, Howard B. Kaplan

{"title":"Gender, social roles and health care utilization","authors":"Jennifer L. David, Howard B. Kaplan","doi":"10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80012-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80012-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using data from the fourth wave of an ongoing panel study (N=2373) as input to the LISREL VII program, a model is estimated according to which the gender differential in health care utilization is attributable to the mediating effects of gender influenced social roles and the resources and psycho-social dispositions associated with such roles. Gender is found to have significant direct and indirect effects on health care utilization. Gender indirectly affects health care utilization via its direct effects on variables which, in turn, have direct effects on utilization. These variables include social class, education, vulnerability to illness, health limitations, finances, self-derogation, psychological vulnerability to distress and locus of control. Gender further influences health care utilization by its (in the aggregate) significant indirect effects via social and health-related identities on self-derogation, psychological vulnerability to distress, locus of control and symptom reports. Additionally, gender directly affects subject's social class, education, employment, health limitations and health vulnerability which each indirectly influence health care utilization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":84178,"journal":{"name":"Applied behavioral science review","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 39-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80012-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56459039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Index/volume 3, numbers 1–2, 1995 索引/第三卷，第1-2号，1995年

Applied behavioral science review Pub Date : 1995-01-01 Epub Date: 2004-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80008-5

引用次数: 0

Racial and economic segregation and educational outcomes: one tale—Two cities 种族和经济隔离与教育结果:一个故事-两个城市

Applied behavioral science review Pub Date : 1995-01-01 Epub Date: 2004-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80002-6

William L. Yancey, Salvatore J. Saporito

引用次数: 26

Immigration and economic dependence in the U.S.: Approaches to presenting logistic regression results 美国的移民与经济依赖:呈现逻辑回归结果的方法

Applied behavioral science review Pub Date : 1995-01-01 Epub Date: 2004-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80013-1

Augustine J. Kposowa

引用次数: 1

Large data sets: opportunities and challenges for educational researchers 大数据集:教育研究者的机遇与挑战

Applied behavioral science review Pub Date : 1995-01-01 Epub Date: 2004-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/S1068-8595(95)80007-7

Judith C. Stull, Nancy Morse-Kelly, Leo C. Rigsby

引用次数: 2

Work and its place in the lives of immigrant women: Garment workers in New York City's Chinatown 工作及其在移民妇女生活中的地位:纽约唐人街的制衣工人

Applied behavioral science review Pub Date : 1994-01-01 Epub Date: 2004-04-22 DOI: 10.1016/1068-8595(94)90013-2

Min Zhou, Regina Nordquist

{"title":"Work and its place in the lives of immigrant women: Garment workers in New York City's Chinatown","authors":"Min Zhou, Regina Nordquist","doi":"10.1016/1068-8595(94)90013-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/1068-8595(94)90013-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Working wives and mothers are traditionally considered secondary wage earners, and employment is not automatically accompanied by occupational attainment of individual workers. For immigrant women, the double burden is compounded by lack of English, transferable education and skills, and knowledge of the larger economy. In this article, we have illustrated the special meanings of immigrant women's work in the context of ethnic enclave employment and family responsibility. Based on census data and fieldwork in the garment industry in New York's Chinatown, we have found that the particularly high rate of immigrant Chinese women's labor market participation is largely accounted for by the availability of jobs provided by the ethnic enclave economy, that those women are overrepresented in low-wage menial jobs, and that they tend to perceive their work as meaningful, despite of low wages, long working hours and poor working conditions. These findings suggest that survival is more important for immigrant Chinese women than their own rights in the workplace, at least in the earlier stages of immigrant adaptation, and that their wage labor is an indispensable part of the collective family effort for social mobility. The results imply that, for socioeconomically disadvantaged groups, it is difficult to achieve long-term social mobility merely through individual efforts. Therefore, policies dealing with those groups mired in poverty and confined to survival at the margins of society should put more emphasis on community development in connection to the promotion of individual education and job training.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":84178,"journal":{"name":"Applied behavioral science review","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 187-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/1068-8595(94)90013-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136554722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 26

Time series analyses reveal differential impact of the Alcohol Warning Label by drinking level 时间序列分析揭示了不同饮酒水平对酒精警告标签的不同影响

Applied behavioral science review Pub Date : 1994-01-01 Epub Date: 2004-04-22 DOI: 10.1016/1068-8595(94)90020-5

Janet R. Hankin , Ira J. Firestone , James J. Sloan , Joel W. Ager , Robert J. Sokol , Susan S. Martier

引用次数: 4