James C. Barton, J. Clayborn Barton, Luigi F. Bertoli
{"title":"Hydroxychloroquine Therapy and Serum Immunoglobulin Levels in Women with IgG Subclass Deficiency and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Sjögren Syndrome, and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Retrospective Study","authors":"James C. Barton, J. Clayborn Barton, Luigi F. Bertoli","doi":"10.1007/s00005-022-00652-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00005-022-00652-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) therapy decreased immunoglobulin (Ig) levels in patients with Sjögren syndrome (SS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in previous studies. We found no report of Ig levels of women with IgG subclass deficiency (IgGSD) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), SS, or RA treated with HCQ. We retrospectively evaluated IgG, IgG subclass, IgA, and IgM levels and other characteristics of women at IgGSD diagnosis who did and did not take HCQ for SLE, SS, or RA. There were 132 women (48 subnormal IgG1 only, 49 combined subnormal IgG1/IgG3, and 35 subnormal IgG3 only). Mean age was 49 ± 13 years. Twenty-two women with SLE, SS, RA, or combination thereof reported HCQ ≥ 200 mg/day ≥ 6 months. In each IgGSD subtype, median Ig levels of women who took HCQ were not significantly lower than those of women who did not take HCQ. Women with combined subnormal IgG1/IgG3 who took HCQ had greater median IgG2 than women who did not take HCQ (4.89 g/L (range 4.43, 4.94) vs. 2.57 g/L (1.21, 6.44), respectively; <i>p</i> = 0.0123). Regressions on IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 revealed positive associations with HCQ therapy (<i>p</i> = 0.0043, 0.0037, and 0.0139, respectively). There were no significant Ig associations with age, SLE, SS, or RA as independent variables. HCQ therapy of SLE, SS, or RA in women with IgGSD was not associated with significantly lower IgG, IgG subclass, IgA, or IgM levels. IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 were positively associated with HCQ therapy, after adjustment for other variables.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8389,"journal":{"name":"Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50018565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hydroxychloroquine Therapy and Serum Immunoglobulin Levels in Women with IgG Subclass Deficiency and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Sjögren Syndrome, and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Retrospective Study","authors":"J. Barton, J. Barton, L. Bertoli","doi":"10.1007/s00005-022-00652-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00005-022-00652-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8389,"journal":{"name":"Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51817964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preliminary Results for Personalized Therapy in Pregnant Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Małgorzata Jerzak, Monika Szafarowska","doi":"10.1007/s00005-022-00650-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00005-022-00650-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Increased androgen level, hyperinsulinemia, diabetes, impaired fibrinolysis, obesity, hypertension, chronic inflammation, abnormal immune response to infections and hyperhomocysteinemia are the most common abnormalities related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women and are the factors predisposing to the severe course of COVID-19. The SARS-Cov-2 infection during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of complications (spontaneous abortion), similar to those in PCOS. The treatment of PCOS pregnant women with a history of fertility failures raises many doubts, especially during the COVID pandemic. However, due to the increasing incidence of infections among reproductive people and the potentially more serious course in pregnant women, numerous questions about the safety and effectiveness of the treatment are still very current. In our study we presented a series of cases of recurrent miscarriages or recurrent implantation failure PCOS pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19. The diagnosis of infertility confirmed the presence of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 and/or 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms in each of them. Moreover, some of the women presented immune dysfunction associated with infertility. We have described the personalized treatments of each pregnant patient included: metformin, enoxaparin and tacrolimus. The treatment applied had the expected effect, supporting the implantation processes. Furthermore, despite the ambiguous data according to immunological therapy of infertile women during the COVID pandemic, we observed a mild or asymptomatic COVID-19 course and we noticed no pregnancy complications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8389,"journal":{"name":"Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00005-022-00650-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40320942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oscar J. Cordero, Irene Viéitez, Irene Altabás, Laura Nuño-Nuño, Alejandro Villalba, Marta Novella-Navarro, Diana Peiteado, María-Eugenia Miranda-Carús, Alejandro Balsa, Rubén Varela-Calviño, Iria Gomez-Tourino, José M. Pego-Reigosa
{"title":"Study of Plasma Anti-CD26 Autoantibody Levels in a Cohort of Treatment-Naïve Early Arthritis Patients","authors":"Oscar J. Cordero, Irene Viéitez, Irene Altabás, Laura Nuño-Nuño, Alejandro Villalba, Marta Novella-Navarro, Diana Peiteado, María-Eugenia Miranda-Carús, Alejandro Balsa, Rubén Varela-Calviño, Iria Gomez-Tourino, José M. Pego-Reigosa","doi":"10.1007/s00005-022-00649-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00005-022-00649-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the identification of biomarkers to adjust treatment intensity and to correctly diagnose the disease in early stages still constitutes a challenge and, as such, novel biomarkers are needed. We proposed that autoantibodies (aAbs) against CD26 (DPP4) might have both etiological importance and clinical value. Here, we perform a prospective study of the potential diagnostic power of Anti-CD26 aAbs through their quantification in plasmas from 106 treatment-naïve early and undifferentiated AR. Clinical antibodies, Anti-CD26 aAbs, and other disease-related biomarkers were measured in plasmas obtained in the first visit from patients, which were later classified as RA and non-RA according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria. Two different isotype signatures were found among ten groups of patients, one for Anti-CD26 IgA and other for Anti-CD26 IgG and IgM isotypes, both converging in patients with arthritis (RA and Unresolved Undifferentiated Arthritis: UUA), who present elevated levels of all three isotypes. The four UUA patients, unresolved after two years, were ACPA and rheumatic factor (RF) negatives. In the whole cohort, 51.3% of ACPA/RF seronegatives were Anti-CD26 positives, and a similar frequency was observed in the seropositive RA patients. Only weak associations of the three isotypes with ESR, CRP and disease activity parameters were observed. Anti-CD26 aAbs are present in treatment-naïve early arthritis patients, including ACPA and RF seronegative individuals, suggestive of a potential pathogenic and/or biomarker role of Anti-CD26 aAbs in the development of rheumatic diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8389,"journal":{"name":"Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00005-022-00649-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49006730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New Treatment Options in Lupus Nephritis","authors":"Pauline M. Montigny, Frédéric A. Houssiau","doi":"10.1007/s00005-022-00647-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00005-022-00647-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this study is to report major recent progresses in the treatment of lupus nephritis (LN). Results of controlled randomized trials are discussed in view of the unmet needs in the field. Current treatments of LN are not satisfactory, with a disappointing proportion of 20–30% of patients achieving complete renal response within 6–12 months, and 5–20% developing end-stage kidney disease within ten years. Two drugs (belimumab and voclosporin) have been officially registered by the medical agencies as add on treatment of LN, a first-in-history success after decades of use of non-registered drugs and trial failures. Other targeted therapies (obinutuzumab and anifrolumab) are currently tested in Phase III trials, after interesting results in Phase II studies. Unanswered questions related to the use of these new drugs are discussed. Recent trials have opened new avenues for the treatment of LN which will hopefully reduce the rate of chronic kidney disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8389,"journal":{"name":"Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50034806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New Treatment Options in Lupus Nephritis","authors":"P. Montigny, F. Houssiau","doi":"10.1007/s00005-022-00647-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00005-022-00647-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8389,"journal":{"name":"Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51817937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CD5L Secreted by Macrophage on Atherosclerosis Progression Based on Lipid Metabolism Induced Inflammatory Damage","authors":"Liang Wang, Lijuan Liu, W. Qian, Zeqi Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s00005-022-00643-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00005-022-00643-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8389,"journal":{"name":"Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51817914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CD5L Secreted by Macrophage on Atherosclerosis Progression Based on Lipid Metabolism Induced Inflammatory Damage","authors":"Liang Wang, Lijuan Liu, Wei Qian, Zeqi Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s00005-022-00643-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00005-022-00643-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To explore the molecular mechanism of exosomal protein CD5L secreted by macrophage to promote the progression of atherosclerosis. Twenty cases of patients with atherosclerosis (AS) and 20 cases of healthy subjects were collected. Morphological properties of exosomes were identified by transmission electron microscopy, and the marker proteins CD63 and CD81 of exosomes were measured by Western blot. The secretion of inflammatory factors in the blood supernatant were analyzed by ELISA. Atherosclerosis cell models were established by transwell and separated into three groups: first group was treated with exosome inhibitor (GW4869), second group was injected with CD5L protein and third group was model control. Morphological properties of exosomes were identified by transmission electron microscopy, and the marker proteins CD63 and CD81 of exosomes were measured by Western blot. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-31 in the cells were analyzed by ELISA. Analysis of the expression and distribution of IL-17RA in vascular smooth muscle cells by immunofluorescence. The proteins of CD63, CD81, CD5L were high expressed in AS group compared to healthy subject group. Cell test results showed that protein levels of CD63, CD81, CD5L in AS group were much higher than that in normal group. Immunofluorescence showed that the expression level of IL-17RA in cell membrane was the highest in the AS model group, and the expression of IL-17RA was decreased in GW4869 group and CD5L group. Expression of inflammatory factors in AS was much higher than that in GW4869 group and CD5L group. The exosomal protein CD5L secreted by macrophage promotes the development of atherosclerosis based on lipid metabolism-induced inflammatory damage of vascular smooth muscle cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8389,"journal":{"name":"Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00005-022-00643-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50011515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thao K. T. Nguyen, Zainab Niaz, Marian L. Kruzel, Jeffrey K. Actor
{"title":"Recombinant Human Lactoferrin Reduces Inflammation and Increases Fluoroquinolone Penetration to Primary Granulomas During Mycobacterial Infection of C57Bl/6 Mice","authors":"Thao K. T. Nguyen, Zainab Niaz, Marian L. Kruzel, Jeffrey K. Actor","doi":"10.1007/s00005-022-00648-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00005-022-00648-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Infection with <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (<i>Mtb</i>) results in the primary formation of a densely packed inflammatory foci that limits entry of therapeutic agents into pulmonary sites where organisms reside. No current therapeutic regimens exist that modulate host immune responses to permit increased drug penetration to regions of pathological damage during tuberculosis disease. Lactoferrin is a natural iron-binding protein previously demonstrated to modulate inflammation and granuloma cohesiveness, while maintaining control of pathogenic burden. Studies were designed to examine recombinant human lactoferrin (rHLF) to modulate histological progression of <i>Mtb</i>-induced pathology in a non-necrotic model using C57Bl/6 mice. The rHLF was oral administered at times corresponding to initiation of primary granulomatous response, or during granuloma maintenance. Treatment with rHLF demonstrated significant reduction in size of primary inflammatory foci following <i>Mtb</i> challenge, and permitted penetration of ofloxacin fluoroquinolone therapeutic to sites of pathological disruption where activated (foamy) macrophages reside. Increased drug penetration was accompanied by retention of endothelial cell integrity. Immunohistochemistry revealed altered patterns of M1-like and M2-like phenotypic cell localization post infectious challenge, with increased presence of M2-like markers found evenly distributed throughout regions of pulmonary inflammatory foci in rHLF-treated mice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8389,"journal":{"name":"Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00005-022-00648-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10802551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ioannis Parodis, Farah Tamirou, Frédéric A. Houssiau
{"title":"Treat-to-Target in Lupus Nephritis. What is the Role of the Repeat Kidney Biopsy?","authors":"Ioannis Parodis, Farah Tamirou, Frédéric A. Houssiau","doi":"10.1007/s00005-022-00646-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00005-022-00646-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Kidney involvement, termed lupus nephritis (LN), develops in 35–60% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, often early during the disease course. When not treated promptly and efficiently, LN may lead to rapid and severe loss of kidney function, being the reason why it is considered one of the most severe lupus manifestations. Despite improved pharmacotherapy, 5–20% of LN patients develop end-stage kidney disease within ten years from the LN diagnosis. While the principal ground of LN therapy is prevention of renal function worsening, resembling a race against nephron loss, consensual agreement upon outcome measures and clinically meaningful short- and long-term targets of LN therapy have yet to be determined. Literature points to the importance of inclusion of tissue-based approaches in the determination of those targets, and evidence accumulates regarding the importance of per-protocol repeat kidney biopsies in the evaluation of the initial phase of therapy and prediction of long-term renal prognosis. The latter leads to the hypothesis that the information gleaned from repeat biopsies may contribute to optimised therapeutic decision making, and, therefore, increased probability to attain complete renal response in the short term, and a more favourable renal prognosis within a longer prospect. The multinational project ReBioLup was recently designed to serve as a key contributor to form evidence about the role of per-protocol repeat biopsies in a randomised fashion and aspires to unify the global LN community towards improved kidney and patient survival.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8389,"journal":{"name":"Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00005-022-00646-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39771716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}