A A Klishov, V G Gololobov, Iu K Khilova, G Ia Grafova, I A Odintsova
{"title":"[The histologists of the S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy--their contribution to practical medicine].","authors":"A A Klishov, V G Gololobov, Iu K Khilova, G Ia Grafova, I A Odintsova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is a short review of investigations of an applied character, performed at the Department of Histology and Embryology of the Academy. Most of the investigations have been carried out as joint works with clinicians and are aimed to solve some actual tasks of practical medicine. Their main contents have been investigations on reactivity and degeneration of tissues under various experimental and clinical conditions. Some new data have been obtained concerning cellular and ultrastructural mechanisms of the wound process, scientifically grounded influences have been undertaken in order to regulate this process. The material presented has served as a base for elaboration of a number of fundamental principles of histology and first of all some new ideas on histogenesis, cellular-differon organization and reparative regeneration of tissues. Regularities of histo- and organogenesis and intertissue interrelation are the base for understanding regeneration mechanisms of organs and tissues. In what form the reparative regeneration is manifested depends on histogenesis and is specific for each tissue. To know regularities of histogenesis and peculiarities of its manifestation is necessary to understand problems of pathology, since regularities of the normal histogenesis serve as a foundation for understanding the essence of pathological processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8379,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv anatomii, gistologii i embriologii","volume":"101 9-10","pages":"5-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13006642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The mechanism of the elimination of dead cells in the myocardium of the fetal rat].","authors":"G B Bol'shakova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At investigation of the intact and damaged myocardium of the rat fetuses (age 17-21 days) several ways of elimination of the perished cells have been revealed: a) exfoliation of the endocardial perished cells into the ventricular cavity; b) phagocytosis by phagocytes of the fetus; c) bordering of the perished cells by endotheliocytes with a subsequent joining of the endothelium to the blood stream. When the fetal myocardium is damaged, elimination of the perished cells is not ensured, nevertheless, during physiological death of the myocardial cells this method is probably effective. The restrictive function of the endothelium plays an essential role in morphogenesis of the heart and is ensured by certain changes in composition of the intercellular substance.</p>","PeriodicalId":8379,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv anatomii, gistologii i embriologii","volume":"101 9-10","pages":"60-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13006780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L M Kulagin, Ia F Rutner, O V Slesarev, I M Fediaev
{"title":"[The functional classification of the human muscles that determine mandibular movements].","authors":"L M Kulagin, Ia F Rutner, O V Slesarev, I M Fediaev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new functional classification of muscles, determining movements of the mandible is presented. This classification reflects anatomo-topographic and histogenetic peculiarities of the muscles in question. Their functional differentiation in phylogenesis is motivated, coming from specific tasks they perform. Two groups of muscles of direct and mediated action on the mandible are distinguished. The groups are divided into functional subgroups. Mathematical correlations between various subgroups of the muscles at normal functioning of the mandible are presented. This makes possible to perform calculations of the acting muscle forces at planning reconstructive operative interventions in the maxillofacial area.</p>","PeriodicalId":8379,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv anatomii, gistologii i embriologii","volume":"101 9-10","pages":"21-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13006777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Seasonal changes in the cytochemical properties of the peritoneal mast cells in rats].","authors":"D S Gordon, V A Bochkarev, G N Stepanova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Contents of histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, functional state of heparinic proteoglycan have been studied in the rat peritoneal mast cells during various seasons of the year (January-February, May-June, July). In winter the mast cells have a high content of histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine, heparinic proteoglycan of their granules is stained with both alcian blue and safranin. In summer (July) content of histamine in the mast cells is sharply decreased in comparison with that of 5-hydroxytryptamine and in May-June the content of both amines is decreased nearly to background values. Both during spring and summer periods heparinic proteoglycan of the mast cell granules is stained only with alcian blue and does not take safranin. A suggestion is made on independence of the seasonal changes of annual rhythmical pattern of histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine contents in the mast cells. A conclusion is made concerning possible participation of the mast cell system of organs and tissues in the seasonal changes of biogenic amine levels in them.</p>","PeriodicalId":8379,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv anatomii, gistologii i embriologii","volume":"101 9-10","pages":"81-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13006643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The relief of the luminal surface of the sinuses in the mammalian cranial dura mater].","authors":"Iu A Krasnikov, A A Mironov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Mammalia with different types in organization of blood outflow in the dura mater venous sinuses: vertebral (tiger), jugular (fur-seal, cat, rabbit) and mixed (rat, dog, man) the internal surface relief of these sinuses has been studied. The total plan of the relief in all the species studied is principally the same. It is characterized with presence of visually determined macro-relief structures: Pacchionian bodies, trabeculae, bars, eminences and excavations in places, where the sinuses fuse, initial folds (micro-relief) and, at last, formations composed by the nucleus and the external membrane of endotheliocytes (ultra-relief). The micro-relief depends on the type of the venous outflow from the brain. In the animals with the jugular type of the outflow the longitudinal folds are more expressed; in the animals with the vertebral type--there occur folds with transversal orientation. For the representatives with the mixed type--multilayered elastic carcass is specific. At the same time, the development degree of the micro-relief with a similar type of blood outflow is different. The relief of the luminal surface of the longitudinal venous sinus of the mammalian dura mater is supposed to be determined by presence of extravascular formations, by the muscular structures tonus, by construction of the wall elastic carcass and by activity of the luminal part of the external membrane of endotheliocytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8379,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv anatomii, gistologii i embriologii","volume":"101 9-10","pages":"33-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13006649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[An outline of the development of Russian x-ray osteology].","authors":"L D Lindenbraten","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8379,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv anatomii, gistologii i embriologii","volume":"101 9-10","pages":"85-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13007794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A V Kurkin, B K Idrisov, E A Nadyrov, S V Lokhvitskiĭ
{"title":"[The functional morphology of the regional inguinal lymph nodes during the endolymphatic antibiotic therapy of patients with vascular diseases of the lower extremities].","authors":"A V Kurkin, B K Idrisov, E A Nadyrov, S V Lokhvitskiĭ","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The general structure and cell composition of the inguinal lymph nodes has been analysed at a direct endolymphatic antibiotic therapy, performed with the aim of prophylaxis of suppurative complications, when surgical interventions are performed in the vessels of the lower extremities. Morphokinetics of the lymph nodes depends on duration of the endolymphatic therapy. During early terms it reflects an increase in transport function of the regional inguinal lymph nodes, during late terms it reflects an increase in their immune role. In the lymph nodes, situating on the contralateral side, an analogous reaction is revealed; this appears to demonstrate presence of well developed collaterals between lymph vessels of the lower extremities.</p>","PeriodicalId":8379,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv anatomii, gistologii i embriologii","volume":"101 9-10","pages":"18-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13006776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The conjunctival lymphatic bed of the rabbit in exposure to ultraviolet radiation].","authors":"O I Kuklina","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Morphofunctional state of the lymphatic bed of the conjunctiva has been studied under effect of ultraviolet radiation. A comparative characteristics of development of the clinical picture and morphological criteria of the harmful effect of the ultraviolet radiation is presented. When all clinical symptoms disappear, there is no complete restoration of the capacitance function of the lymphatic vessels and intracellular regeneration of ultra-microscopical structures of endotheliocytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8379,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv anatomii, gistologii i embriologii","volume":"101 9-10","pages":"45-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13006778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The anatomicohistological characteristics of the formation of the mucosa of the human small intestine in the prenatal period of ontogeny].","authors":"L I Rastegaeva, I A Morozov, A M Zagrebin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The time, when the first villi appear, is defined. Quantitative composition, percent content, height of the villi of the mucous membrane in all parts of the small intestine during various periods of the intrauterine development are presented. In 17-week-old embryos at the level of the duodenum the first villi are noted and their formation in the middle part of the intestinal tube is revealed. By the 8th-9th weeks of development they appear at the level of the caudal part of the intestine. This demonstrates asynchronism of their formation in the cranio-caudal direction. The periods of their intensive growth in height in the first part of the intestine correspond to 8-10, 12-16, 24 weeks of the fetus age, in the second part--to 8-10, 18-20 weeks, in the third--to 10-12, 16-18, 26-28 weeks. These periods alternate with an abatement in growth intensity, which is connected with an increasing width of the villi themselves, with amount of newly formed villi and with changes of the intestinal tube diameter. The form of the villi is rather variable.</p>","PeriodicalId":8379,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv anatomii, gistologii i embriologii","volume":"101 9-10","pages":"75-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13006783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[The topographical anatomy of the incisor canal].","authors":"A K Iordanishvili","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 254 skulls (22-70 years of age) with orthognathic intact occlusion in 66 maxillodental sawing topographic anatomy of the incisor canal has been studied by means of craniometric and statistical methods. In mature age the average length of the incisor canal and its openings possess certain statistically significant age and sex differences. The incisor canal is situated near the tops of the central incisors roots at the distance of 7.40 +/- 0.11 mm. The incisor opening, independently on the sex, is situated on the inferior surface of the palatile process of the median line at the distance of 9.81 +/- 0.21 mm from the point formed by the medial angles of the crowns of the upper central incisors. In mature age the distance between the incisor opening and the central incisors roots is 3.51 +/- 0.10 mm.</p>","PeriodicalId":8379,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv anatomii, gistologii i embriologii","volume":"101 9-10","pages":"64-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13007793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}