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Herpes : the journal of the IHMF最新文献

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Management of HSV encephalitis in adults and neonates: diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. 成人和新生儿HSV脑炎的处理:诊断、预后和治疗。
Herpes : the journal of the IHMF Pub Date : 2007-06-01
David W Kimberlin
{"title":"Management of HSV encephalitis in adults and neonates: diagnosis, prognosis and treatment.","authors":"David W Kimberlin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections of the central nervous system (CNS) are infrequent in occurrence, but potentially devastating in outcome. Tremendous advances in the ability to diagnose HSV CNS disease without the need for invasive procedures such as brain biopsy, coupled with the establishment of safe and effective antiviral therapies, have improved overall outcomes. However, the seriousness of HSV CNS infections requires that clinicians maintain a high index of suspicion to initiate evaluation under suitable circumstances. In addition, clinicians need an understanding of the clinical disease course in order to interpret the diagnostic tests appropriately. Intravenous aciclovir remains the mainstay of antiviral management. Even with recent treatment advances and enhanced awareness, potentially devastating outcomes remain possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":83725,"journal":{"name":"Herpes : the journal of the IHMF","volume":"14 1","pages":"11-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41030905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Review of recent HSV recurrent-infection treatment studies. 最近HSV复发感染治疗研究综述。
Herpes : the journal of the IHMF Pub Date : 2007-06-01
Raj Patel, Lawrence Stanberry, Richard J Whitley
{"title":"Review of recent HSV recurrent-infection treatment studies.","authors":"Raj Patel,&nbsp;Lawrence Stanberry,&nbsp;Richard J Whitley","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antiviral management options for recurrent herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection include daily suppressive and episodic therapy. New data on patient-initiated, short-course, high-dose antiviral therapy provide a new, more convenient option for patients who choose episodic therapy. A head-to-head comparison of suppressive valaciclovir versus famciclovir treatment indicates that both drugs have comparable clinical benefits, but that valaciclovir may have a greater impact on virological end-points. However, a more recent study shows that famciclovir effectively reduces the frequency of total and subclinical HSV shedding compared with placebo, as well as the percentage of days with genital lesions for subjects with or without a history of genital herpes. This article reports on presentations given at the IHMF Annual Meeting and International Congress of Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, both of which took place in late 2006.</p>","PeriodicalId":83725,"journal":{"name":"Herpes : the journal of the IHMF","volume":"14 1","pages":"23-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41030907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Herpetic retinitis. 疱疹的视网膜炎。
Herpes : the journal of the IHMF Pub Date : 2007-06-01
Miguel Cordero-Coma, Fahd Anzaar, Taygan Yilmaz, C Stephen Foster
{"title":"Herpetic retinitis.","authors":"Miguel Cordero-Coma,&nbsp;Fahd Anzaar,&nbsp;Taygan Yilmaz,&nbsp;C Stephen Foster","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper provides an appreciation of the various forms and consequences of retinal inflammation caused by human herpesviruses. Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, varicella zoster virus, cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus are known to cause retinitis. The prognosis of herpetic retinitis remains poor because it is associated with a high incidence of complications, both during and after the acute disease phase. On diagnosis of retinal necrosis, antiviral treatment must be started promptly to limit disease progression; following this, prophylactic maintenance therapy may be required.</p>","PeriodicalId":83725,"journal":{"name":"Herpes : the journal of the IHMF","volume":"14 1","pages":"4-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40956556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recommendations for short-course therapies in herpes genitalis and herpes labialis. 生殖器疱疹和唇疱疹的短期治疗建议。
Herpes : the journal of the IHMF Pub Date : 2007-06-01
Lawrence Corey, Lawrence Stanberry
{"title":"Recommendations for short-course therapies in herpes genitalis and herpes labialis.","authors":"Lawrence Corey,&nbsp;Lawrence Stanberry","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83725,"journal":{"name":"Herpes : the journal of the IHMF","volume":"14 Suppl 1 ","pages":"4A"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40980880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An update on short-course episodic and prevention therapies for herpes genitalis. 生殖器疱疹短期发作性和预防性治疗的最新进展。
Herpes : the journal of the IHMF Pub Date : 2007-06-01
Lawrence Corey, Neil Bodsworth, Adrian Mindel, Raj Patel, Timothy Schacker, Lawrence Stanberry
{"title":"An update on short-course episodic and prevention therapies for herpes genitalis.","authors":"Lawrence Corey,&nbsp;Neil Bodsworth,&nbsp;Adrian Mindel,&nbsp;Raj Patel,&nbsp;Timothy Schacker,&nbsp;Lawrence Stanberry","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of herpes genitalis (genital herpes) has increased markedly over the past three decades. The most common cause is infection with the herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), but it can also occur as a result of HSV-1 infection. Herpes genitalis can cause substantial psychosexual as well as physical morbidity and, in immunocompromised individuals, such as those who are HIV-positive, HSV infection can result in severe disease with progressive and extensive lesions. The natural history of herpes genitalis and the pathways of infection are now well known; however, the factors associated with reactivation have yet to be fully defined. A number of management approaches with antiviral medications are commonly used, including episodic and suppressive treatments. For episodic therapy, the duration of both lesions and symptoms, as well as the proportion of aborted episodes, are the most important measures of efficacy. For suppressive therapy, the time to first recurrence and frequency of recurrences over time are the most important clinical measures of antiviral benefit. Regarding the duration of episodic regimens, comparisons of 1-, 2- and 3-day antiviral courses with standard 5-day regimens show similar benefits on healing and relief of symptoms, with the obvious improvement in convenience, economy and compliance. In HIV-positive patients, antiherpes therapy has proved effective in speeding healing of lesions and reducing subclinical shedding, and can be used to treat genital HSV-2 infections in this group. Suppressive antiviral therapy has been shown to decrease the risk of HSV transmission in heterosexual couples. New approaches to the prevention of HSV infection, including vaccines and topical microbicides, are under investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":83725,"journal":{"name":"Herpes : the journal of the IHMF","volume":"14 Suppl 1 ","pages":"5A-11A"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40980311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Viral load in congenital cytomegalovirus infection. 先天性巨细胞病毒感染的病毒载量。
Herpes : the journal of the IHMF Pub Date : 2007-06-01
Ravit Arav-Boger, Robert Pass
{"title":"Viral load in congenital cytomegalovirus infection.","authors":"Ravit Arav-Boger,&nbsp;Robert Pass","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) affects 50-80% of adults in the USA by the age of 40 and is the virus most commonly transmitted to the fetus before birth. Extensive research into quantitative CMV assays, and the proven value of CMV DNA load measurement in guiding antiviral therapy in haematopoietic stem cell and solid organ transplant recipients, has paved the way for evaluating viral load (VL) in the management of congenital CMV infection. This article discusses the rapidly evolving methods of VL measurement. It is hoped that VL may be used in the future to predict outcome and assist antiviral treatment plans. Having the ability to detect CMV-infected infants at risk of developing hearing loss and/or disseminated CMV disease may allow the selection of patients who are most likely to benefit from timely initiation of antiviral therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":83725,"journal":{"name":"Herpes : the journal of the IHMF","volume":"14 1","pages":"17-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41030906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An update on short-course intermittent and prevention therapies for herpes labialis. 唇疱疹的短期间歇和预防治疗的最新进展。
Herpes : the journal of the IHMF Pub Date : 2007-06-01
Stanley Gilbert, Lawrence Corey, Anthony Cunningham, Jean-Elie Malkin, Lawrence Stanberry, Richard Whitley, Spotswood Spruance
{"title":"An update on short-course intermittent and prevention therapies for herpes labialis.","authors":"Stanley Gilbert,&nbsp;Lawrence Corey,&nbsp;Anthony Cunningham,&nbsp;Jean-Elie Malkin,&nbsp;Lawrence Stanberry,&nbsp;Richard Whitley,&nbsp;Spotswood Spruance","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) has increased in prevalence worldwide over the past two decades, making it a major public health concern. Approximately 90% of recurrent HSV type 1 (HSV-1) infections manifest as non-genital disease, primarily as orofacial lesions known as herpes labialis. Improvements in our understanding of the natural history of herpes labialis support the rationale for early treatment (during the prodrome or erythema stages) with high doses of antiviral agents in order to maximize drug benefit. When evaluating the efficacy of different antiviral and anti-inflammatory agents in clinical trials, episode duration, lesion healing time, reduction in maximum lesion size and the proportion of aborted lesions should be used as the most reliable measures of therapeutic efficacy. There has also been considerable research into the most beneficial treatment for recurrent episodes of herpes labialis in immunocompetent individuals. Data from clinical studies confirm that short-course, high-dose oral antiviral therapy should be offered to patients with recurrent herpes labialis to accelerate healing, reduce pain and most likely increase treatment adherence. Optimal benefits may be obtained when these oral antiviral agents are combined with topical corticosteroids, but more research is needed with this combination. Patients undergoing facial cosmetic procedures (i.e.facial resurfacing) are at risk of HSV reactivation, but further data are required on the actual risk according to the specific procedure. Aciclovir, valaciclovir and famciclovir all provide effective prophylaxis against HSV-1 reactivation following ablative facial resurfacing. However, no definitive recommendations can be made regarding prophylactic therapy for minimally invasive procedures at present.</p>","PeriodicalId":83725,"journal":{"name":"Herpes : the journal of the IHMF","volume":"14 Suppl 1 ","pages":"13A-18A"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40980312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Oncolytic HSV-1 for the treatment of brain tumours. 用于治疗脑肿瘤的溶瘤性单纯疱疹病毒-1。
Herpes : the journal of the IHMF Pub Date : 2006-11-01
James M Markert, Jacqueline N Parker, Donald J Buchsbaum, William E Grizzle, G Yancey Gillespie, Richard J Whitley
{"title":"Oncolytic HSV-1 for the treatment of brain tumours.","authors":"James M Markert,&nbsp;Jacqueline N Parker,&nbsp;Donald J Buchsbaum,&nbsp;William E Grizzle,&nbsp;G Yancey Gillespie,&nbsp;Richard J Whitley","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prognosis for patients diagnosed with malignant glioma, the most common primary tumour of the central nervous system, remains poor despite decades of research and advances in surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. The development of new approaches for the treatment of these tumours has led to the emergence of oncolytic viral therapy, with the use of conditionally replicating viruses, as a potential new intervention. Herpes simplex virus type 1 has emerged as the leading candidate oncolytic virus, with six different trials either completed or underway for patients with malignant glioma. In this review, the background of this approach will be discussed, followed by a discussion of the clinical trials, as well as potential directions for future trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":83725,"journal":{"name":"Herpes : the journal of the IHMF","volume":"13 3","pages":"66-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26425106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigations of the pathogenesis of Varicella zoster virus infection in the SCIDhu mouse model. SCIDhu小鼠水痘带状疱疹病毒感染的发病机制研究。
Herpes : the journal of the IHMF Pub Date : 2006-11-01
Ann M Arvin
{"title":"Investigations of the pathogenesis of Varicella zoster virus infection in the SCIDhu mouse model.","authors":"Ann M Arvin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a medically important human herpesvirus that causes varicella, establishes latency in sensory ganglia and may reactivate to cause herpes zoster in healthy and immunocompromised patients. Experiments in the severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse model have provided new insights about VZV pathogenesis. In addition, the evaluation of VZV recombinant viruses, with targeted mutations of viral genes or their promoters in SCIDhu skin, T-cell and dorsal root ganglia xenografts, has the potential to identify options for the design of a recombinant 'second-generation' VZV vaccine. This would be characterized by the retention of infectivity in skin combined with a restricted tropism for T-cells and neurons within sensory ganglia.</p>","PeriodicalId":83725,"journal":{"name":"Herpes : the journal of the IHMF","volume":"13 3","pages":"75-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26425108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Highlights from 5th International Conference on HHV-6 and -7. 第五届HHV-6和-7国际会议的亮点。
Herpes : the journal of the IHMF Pub Date : 2006-11-01
Anthony L Komaroff, Steven Jacobson, Dharam V Ablashi, Koichi Yamanishi
{"title":"Highlights from 5th International Conference on HHV-6 and -7.","authors":"Anthony L Komaroff,&nbsp;Steven Jacobson,&nbsp;Dharam V Ablashi,&nbsp;Koichi Yamanishi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article reports on key presentations at the 5th International Conference on Human Herpesvirus (HHV)-6 and -7, organized by the HHV-6 Foundation. New assays for HHV-6 and -7 promise to be more accurate and better able to distinguish between HHV-6A and B or differentiate active from latent infection. Nevertheless, more research is needed to enhance the sensitivity and specificity of these assays. Cellular receptors for both HHV-6 and -7 have been identified. Both viruses have in vitro tropism for neurons and dendritic cells of the central nervous system (CNS), and their role in producing CNS disease in the immunocompromised (particularly transplant recipients and the HIV-infected) is well established. HHV-6 may enhance the progression of simian immunodeficiency virus in monkeys, as suggested by in vivo data. In immunocompetent children and adults, HHV-6 and/or -7 may play a role in triggering and perpetuating several diseases of the nervous system, namely encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, chronic fatigue syndrome and epilepsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":83725,"journal":{"name":"Herpes : the journal of the IHMF","volume":"13 3","pages":"81-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26425109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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