Antiviral Therapy最新文献

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Failure of bamlanivimab with selection of E484K mutation in an allogeneic stem cell transplant recipient with nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection. 在一名感染 SARS-CoV-2 的同种异体干细胞移植受者中,选择 E484K 突变的巴马伊单抗治疗失败。
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535221097495
Inès Boussen, Maud Salmona, Flore Sicre De Fontbrune, Aliénor Xhaard, Nathalie De Castro, Constance Delaugerre, Marie-Laure Chaix, Jean-Michel Molina
{"title":"Failure of bamlanivimab with selection of E484K mutation in an allogeneic stem cell transplant recipient with nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection.","authors":"Inès Boussen, Maud Salmona, Flore Sicre De Fontbrune, Aliénor Xhaard, Nathalie De Castro, Constance Delaugerre, Marie-Laure Chaix, Jean-Michel Molina","doi":"10.1177/13596535221097495","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13596535221097495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report the case of an allogeneic stem cell transplant recipient with nosocomial acquisition of SARS-CoV-2 infection who received antispike neutralizing monoclonal antibody bamlanivimab 2 days after diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection but progressed to severe COVID-19 pneumonia and died with the selection of E484K/Q resistance mutations to bamlanivimab.</p>","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":"29 1","pages":"13596535221097495"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139728864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cross-resistance to entry inhibitors and lenacapavir resistance through Week 52 in study CAPELLA. CAPELLA 研究第 52 周的入口抑制剂交叉耐药性和来那卡韦耐药性。
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535231220754
Nicolas Margot, Nina Pennetzdorfer, Vidula Naik, Martin Rhee, Christian Callebaut
{"title":"Cross-resistance to entry inhibitors and lenacapavir resistance through Week 52 in study CAPELLA.","authors":"Nicolas Margot, Nina Pennetzdorfer, Vidula Naik, Martin Rhee, Christian Callebaut","doi":"10.1177/13596535231220754","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13596535231220754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lenacapavir (LEN) is a first-in-class inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) capsid function for the treatment of heavily treatment-experienced people with HIV (PWH) harbouring multidrug resistance in combination with an optimized background regimen (OBR). Here, we describe in vitro analysis of the interplay between entry inhibitors (EI; enfuvirtide, fostemsavir, ibalizumab, and maraviroc) susceptibility and LEN susceptibility in samples from 72 participants in the phase 2/3 CAPELLA study, as well as the emergence of resistance in CAPELLA through 52 weeks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The phenotypic susceptibility to EIs of screening samples from participants was analysed using entry assays, and susceptibility to LEN was generated. Genotypic and phenotypic resistance to LEN was evaluated for subjects with virological failure through Week 52.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, viruses with resistance to EIs showed no cross-resistance to LEN, with a mean fold change from wild type close to 1.0. Of the 22 participants analysed for resistance through Week 52, 9 participants (13%) had emergence of capsid resistance mutation(s) while the remaining 13 participants (18%) had no change in the capsid sequence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The <i>gag</i> sequence from EI-resistant isolates did not affect LEN susceptibility. The lack of cross-resistance to LEN across ARV-resistant isolates supports the use of LEN in PWH regardless of their treatment history. During the second half-year period of the CAPELLA Study, development of LEN resistance was rare and was overall associated with functional LEN monotherapy due to either nonadherence or resistance-driven non-susceptibility to OBR.</p>","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":"28 6","pages":"13596535231220754"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138794829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dolutegravir and rilpivirine as successful initial antiretroviral therapy in a treatment-naive patient with HIV-1: A case report. 多替格拉韦和利匹韦林作为HIV-1初次治疗患者成功的初始抗逆转录病毒治疗:一个病例报告。
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535231218875
S Jawad Zafar, Bruce L Gilliam, Sarah A Schmalzle
{"title":"Dolutegravir and rilpivirine as successful initial antiretroviral therapy in a treatment-naive patient with HIV-1: A case report.","authors":"S Jawad Zafar, Bruce L Gilliam, Sarah A Schmalzle","doi":"10.1177/13596535231218875","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13596535231218875","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":"28 6","pages":"13596535231218875"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138476663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
RVX-208, an inducer of Apolipoprotein A-I, inhibits the particle production of hepatitis B virus through activation of cGAS-STING pathway. 载脂蛋白A-I诱导剂RVX-208通过激活cGAS-STING途径抑制乙型肝炎病毒颗粒的产生。
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535231219639
Dan Shu, Lin Cheng, Kefei Yuan, Dan Liu, He Wei
{"title":"RVX-208, an inducer of Apolipoprotein A-I, inhibits the particle production of hepatitis B virus through activation of cGAS-STING pathway.","authors":"Dan Shu, Lin Cheng, Kefei Yuan, Dan Liu, He Wei","doi":"10.1177/13596535231219639","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13596535231219639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previously, we have demonstrated that Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) could inhibit the secretion of Hepatitis B virus (HBV), suggesting that stimulation of ApoA-I may block particle production. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-HBV effect of RVX-208, a small-molecule stimulator of ApoA-I gene expression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>RVX-208 was used to treat HepG2.2.15 cell, a HepG2 derived cell line stably producing HBV virus. Real-time PCR was performed to examine the HBV DNA levels. Magnetic particles, which were coated with anti-HBS or anti-HBE antibody, were used to examine the HBsAg and HBeAg levels in the supernatant of cultured HepG2.2.15 cells in combination with the enzyme conjugates that were prepared with horseradish peroxidase labelled anti-HBS or anti-HBE antibody in a double antibody sandwich manner. RNA-seq, immunoblots and real-time PCR were used to analyze the functional mechanism of RVX-208.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RVX-208 could elevate the ApoA-I protein levels in HepG2.2.15 cells. In the meantime, RVX-208 significantly repressed HBV DNA, HBsAg and HBeAg levels in the supernatants of HepG2.2.15 cells. RNA-seq data revealed that RVX-208 treatment not only affected the cholesterol metabolism, which is closely related to ApoA-I, but also regulated signalling pathways that are associated with antiviral immune response. Moreover, mechanistic studies demonstrated that RVX-208 could activate cGAS-STING pathway and upregulate the transcription of a series of interferons, pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines with antiviral potential that are at the downstream of cGAS-STING pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study demonstrated that RVX-208, an inducer of ApoA-I, could suppress HBV particle production through activation of cGAS-STING pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":"28 6","pages":"13596535231219639"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138457570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Waitlist-controlled trial of an online intervention to address mental health among older people living with HIV. 在线干预解决老年艾滋病毒感染者心理健康问题的候补对照试验。
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535231216311
Jeff Berko, Peter Mazonson, Duncan Short, Maile Karris, Lynsay Ehui, Cassidy A Gutner, Frank Spinelli, Andrew Zolopa
{"title":"Waitlist-controlled trial of an online intervention to address mental health among older people living with HIV.","authors":"Jeff Berko, Peter Mazonson, Duncan Short, Maile Karris, Lynsay Ehui, Cassidy A Gutner, Frank Spinelli, Andrew Zolopa","doi":"10.1177/13596535231216311","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13596535231216311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Older people living with HIV (PLWH) often experience elevated levels of depression, anxiety, and loneliness.<b>Methods:</b> This waitlist-controlled trial examined the effectiveness of online audio mindfulness lessons in impacting these feelings among older PLWH.<b>Results:</b> Among 214 participants, the mean (SD) age was 60.4 (5.9) years, 89% were male, and 69% were white. After 25 days, the intervention group showed significant improvements versus the waitlist control group in symptoms of depression (20.3% improvement, <i>p</i> < .01) and symptoms of anxiety (22.4% improvement, <i>p</i> = .03), but not in loneliness as measured by a Daily Diary (12.9% improvement, <i>p</i> = .07) or the 3-Item Loneliness Scale (4.8% improvement, <i>p</i> = .27). Secondary analyses among participants with elevated baseline symptoms of depression showed a 26.3% improvement (<i>p</i> < .01), with a moderate effect size (Hedge's g = 0.69). Similarly, those with elevated baseline symptoms of anxiety showed a 25.6% improvement (<i>p</i> < .01), a moderate effect size (g = 0.54), while those with moderate or severely elevated loneliness showed an 18.9% improvement in daily loneliness (<i>p</i> < .01), a moderate effect size (g = 0.55).<b>Conclusion:</b> This waitlist-controlled trial is the first to show that a series of brief, online audio mindfulness lessons improves mental health outcomes among older PLWH. For many patients, this intervention may offer relief that is both accessible and affordable.</p>","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":"28 6","pages":"13596535231216311"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138457571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Andrographolide inhibits infectious bronchitis virus-induced apoptosis, pyroptosis, and inflammation. 穿心莲内酯抑制传染性支气管炎病毒诱导的细胞凋亡、pyroptosis和炎症。
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535231207499
Jiachen Shen, Qiuchi Xu, Lu Chen, Xinyu Chang, Ruiting Shen, Zhenhua Zhao, Lifei Zhu, Yifei Wu, Xiaolin Hou
{"title":"Andrographolide inhibits infectious bronchitis virus-induced apoptosis, pyroptosis, and inflammation.","authors":"Jiachen Shen, Qiuchi Xu, Lu Chen, Xinyu Chang, Ruiting Shen, Zhenhua Zhao, Lifei Zhu, Yifei Wu, Xiaolin Hou","doi":"10.1177/13596535231207499","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13596535231207499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a coronavirus, causes a huge economic loss to the poultry industry. Andrographolide (APL) is a compound with a variety of pharmacological properties, including antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, APL was evaluated for antiviral activity by its anti-apoptotic, anti-pyroptosis, and anti-inflammatory effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cytotoxicity of APL was determined by the MTT method. We investigated the therapeutic impact of APL on IBV through a plate assay. We explored that APL inhibited IBV-induced apoptosis, pyroptosis, and inflammation in HD11 cells by RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence. Also, it was verified in the clinical chicken embryo trial.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that APL down-regulated apoptosis-related genes Caspase-3, Caspase-8, Caspase-9, Bax, Bid, and Bak, down-regulated pyroptosis gene DFNA5, and down-regulated inflammation-related genes (NF-κB, NLRP3, iNOS, TNF-α, and IL-1β). In addition, APL reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in cells. Finally, clinical trials showed that APL inhibited IBV-induced apoptosis, pyroptosis, and inflammation, as well as reduced the mortality and malformation of chicken embryos.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, we delved into the antiviral properties of APL in the context of chicken macrophage (HD11) infection with IBV. Our findings confirm that andrographolide effectively inhibits apoptosis, pyroptosis, and inflammation by IBV infection. Furthermore, this inhibition was verified on chicken embryos in vivo. This inhibition suggests a substantial potential for APL as a therapeutic agent to mitigate the harmful effects of IBV on host cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":"28 5","pages":"13596535231207499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41231919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Computer-assisted drug discovery of potential natural inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase through a multi-phase in silico approach. 通过多阶段计算机辅助药物发现严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶的潜在天然抑制剂。
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535231199838
Eslam B Elkaeed, Bshra A Alsfouk, Tuqa H Ibrahim, Reem K Arafa, Hazem Elkady, Ibrahim M Ibrahim, Ibrahim H Eissa, Ahmed M Metwaly
{"title":"Computer-assisted drug discovery of potential natural inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase through a multi-phase <i>in silico</i> approach.","authors":"Eslam B Elkaeed,&nbsp;Bshra A Alsfouk,&nbsp;Tuqa H Ibrahim,&nbsp;Reem K Arafa,&nbsp;Hazem Elkady,&nbsp;Ibrahim M Ibrahim,&nbsp;Ibrahim H Eissa,&nbsp;Ahmed M Metwaly","doi":"10.1177/13596535231199838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13596535231199838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant loss of life and economic disruption worldwide. Currently, there are limited effective treatments available for this disease. SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (SARS-CoV-2 RdRp) has been identified as a potential target for drug development against COVID-19. Natural products have been shown to possess antiviral properties, making them a promising source for developing drugs against SARS-CoV-2.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study is to identify the most effective natural inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 RdRp among a set of 4924 African natural products using a multi-phase <i>in silico</i> approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study utilized remdesivir (RTP), the co-crystallized ligand of RdRp, as a starting point to select compounds that have the most similar chemical structures among the examined set of compounds. Molecular fingerprints and structure similarity studies were carried out in the first part of the study. The second part of the study included molecular docking against SARS-CoV-2 RdRp (PDB ID: 7BV2) and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations including the calculation of RMSD, RMSF, Rg, SASA, hydrogen bonding, and PLIP. Moreover, the calculations of Molecular mechanics with generalised Born and surface area solvation (MM-GBSA) Lennard-Jones and Columbic electrostatic interaction energies have been conducted. Additionally, <i>in silico</i> ADMET and toxicity studies were performed to examine the drug likeness degrees of the selected compounds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight compounds were identified as the most effective natural inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 RdRp. These compounds are kaempferol 3-galactoside, kaempferol 3-<i>O</i>-<i>β</i>-D-glucopyranoside, mangiferin methyl ether, luteolin 7-<i>O</i>-<i>β</i>-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin-<i>O</i>-<i>β</i>-D-3-glucopyranoside, 1-methoxy-3-indolylmethyl glucosinolate, naringenin, and asphodelin A 4'-<i>O</i>-<i>β</i>-D-glucopyranoside.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study provide valuable information for the development of natural product-based drugs against COVID-19. However, the elected compounds should be further studied <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> to confirm their efficacy in treating COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":"28 5","pages":"13596535231199838"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41189581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Subacute thyroiditis following COVID-19 vaccination: Case presentation. 新冠肺炎疫苗接种后的亚急性甲状腺炎:病例介绍。
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535231208831
Aleksandra Z Tomic, Sonja S Zafirovic, Zoran M Gluvic, Vladimir S Samardzic, Mirjana T Macvanin, Maja Lj Radunovic, Esma R Isenovic
{"title":"Subacute thyroiditis following COVID-19 vaccination: Case presentation.","authors":"Aleksandra Z Tomic, Sonja S Zafirovic, Zoran M Gluvic, Vladimir S Samardzic, Mirjana T Macvanin, Maja Lj Radunovic, Esma R Isenovic","doi":"10.1177/13596535231208831","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13596535231208831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) is an organ-specific disease that various drugs, including COVID-19 vaccines, can trigger. COVID-19 infection has been associated with thyroid gland damage and disease SARS-CoV-2 direct action, euthyroid sick syndrome, and immune-mediated mechanisms are all potential mechanisms of thyroid damage. It denotes thyroid gland inflammation, most commonly of viral origin, and belongs to the transitory, self-limiting thyroid gland diseases group, causing complications in approximately 15% of patients in the form of permanent hypothyroidism. Some authors say SAT is the most common thyroid disease associated with COVID-19.<b>Purpose:</b> The occurrence of SAT many weeks after administering the second COVID-19 vaccine is rare and has limited documentation in academic literature. This study aims to present the occurrence of SAT after administering the COVID-19 vaccine. We present the case of a 37-year-old man who developed SAT 23 days after receiving the second dose of Pfizer BioNTech's COVID-19 mRNA vaccine.<b>Research design and study sample:</b> Due to neck pain and an elevated body temperature (up to 38.2°C), a 37-year-old male subject presented for examination 23 days after receiving the second Pfizer BioNTech mRNA vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 viral infection. The patient denied ever having an autoimmune disease or any other disease. Painful neck palpation and a firm, slightly enlarged thyroid gland with no surrounding lymphadenopathy were identified during the exam. The heart rate was 104 beats per minute. All of the remaining physical findings were normal.<b>Data collection and/or Analysis:</b> Data collected during the disease are integral to the medical record.<b>Results:</b> Hematology and biochemistry analyses at the initial and follow-up visits revealed minor leukocytosis, normocytic anaemia, and thrombocytosis, followed by a mild increase in lactate dehydrogenase and decreased iron levels. The patient's thyroid function and morphology had recovered entirely from post-vaccine SAT.<b>Conclusions</b>: Results from this study emphasise the need for healthcare professionals to promptly report any case of SAT related to COVID-19 vaccination. Further investigation is warranted to understand the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19-associated thyroiditis and the impact of COVID-19 immunization on this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":"28 5","pages":"13596535231208831"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49673766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
HIV drug resistance in the era of contemporary antiretroviral therapy: A clinical perspective. 当代抗逆转录病毒治疗时代的艾滋病毒耐药性:临床视角。
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535231201162
Andrew Carr, Nicola E Mackie, Roger Paredes, Kiat Ruxrungtham
{"title":"HIV drug resistance in the era of contemporary antiretroviral therapy: A clinical perspective.","authors":"Andrew Carr,&nbsp;Nicola E Mackie,&nbsp;Roger Paredes,&nbsp;Kiat Ruxrungtham","doi":"10.1177/13596535231201162","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13596535231201162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Contemporary antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens have high barriers to the development of drug resistance. However, resistance to earlier antiretrovirals and uncommon cases of resistance to contemporary ART illustrate the continued need for good clinical management of HIV drug resistance. Here, we describe HIV drug-resistance mechanisms, the interaction of HIV drug-resistant mutations and the patterns of drug resistance to contemporary ART. We then provide guidance on the management of HIV drug resistance, including how to limit the development of resistance and manage virologic failure that is complicated by resistance. To complement this, links to resources and treatment guidelines are provided that can assist with the interpretation of HIV drug resistance test results and optimal ART selection in the clinic.</p>","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":"28 5","pages":"13596535231201162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41103709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hepatitis C virus/Hepatitis B virus coinfection: Current prospectives. 丙型肝炎病毒/乙型肝炎病毒合并感染:当前展望。
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535231189643
Quratulain Maqsood, Aleena Sumrin, Maryam Iqbal, Saima Younas, Nazim Hussain, Muhammada Mahnoor, Abdul Wajid
{"title":"Hepatitis C virus/Hepatitis B virus coinfection: Current prospectives.","authors":"Quratulain Maqsood,&nbsp;Aleena Sumrin,&nbsp;Maryam Iqbal,&nbsp;Saima Younas,&nbsp;Nazim Hussain,&nbsp;Muhammada Mahnoor,&nbsp;Abdul Wajid","doi":"10.1177/13596535231189643","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13596535231189643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In endemic areas, hepatitis C virus (HCV)/hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection is common, and patients with coinfection have a higher risk of developing liver disease such as hepatocellular carcinoma, liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. In such cases, HCV predominates, and HBV replication is suppressed by HCV. HCV core proteins and interferons that are activated by HCV are responsible for the suppression of HBV. Immunosuppression is also seen in patients with HCV and HBV coinfections. A decrease in HCV-neutralizing antibody response and circulation of Th1-like Tfh cells is observed in patients with HCV and HBV coinfection. Both viruses interacted in the liver, and treatment of HCV/HBV coinfection is genotype-based and complex due to the interaction of both viruses. In HCV-dominant cases, direct-acting antiviral drugs and peg interferon plus ribavirin are used for the treatment, with continuous monitoring of AST and ALT. HBV-dominant cases are less common and are treated with peg interferon and nucleoside nucleotide analogues with monitoring of AST and ALT. The SVR rate in HCV-HBV coinfection is higher than that in monoinfection when treated with direct-acting antiviral drugs. But there is a risk of reactivation of HBV during and after therapy. The rate of reactivation is lower in patients treated with direct-acting antiviral drugs as compared to those treated with peg interferon plus ribavirin. Biomarkers of HBV such as HBcrAg, HBV DNA and HBVpg RNA are not effective in the prediction of HBV reactivation; only the hepatitis B surface antigen titre can be used as a biomarker for HBV reactivation. HCV can also be reactive, but this is found in very rare cases in which HBV is present and is treated first.</p>","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":"28 4","pages":"13596535231189643"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10247376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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