Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Similarity and differences in small dense low-density lipoprotein assessment: two methods compared.","authors":"Kazuhiko Kotani, Naoki Sakane, Alejandro Gugliucci","doi":"10.5114/amsad.2021.109257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/amsad.2021.109257","url":null,"abstract":"Corresponding author: Prof. Kazuhiko Kotani Division of Community and Family Medicine Jichi Medical University 3311-1 Yakushiji 329-0498 Shimotsuke-City Japan Phone: +81 285 58 7394 E-mail: kazukotani@jichi.ac.jp 1 Division of Community and Family Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-City, Japan 2 Division of Preventive Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto-City, Japan 3Glycation, Oxidation and Disease Laboratory, Touro University, California, CA, USA","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":"6 ","pages":"e166-e168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e0/c4/AMS-AD-6-45197.PMC8525246.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39561863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) with presence of isolated coronary artery ectasia.","authors":"Aydın Rodi Tosu,&nbsp;Halil İbrahim Biter","doi":"10.5114/amsad.2021.109253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/amsad.2021.109253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) has been developed based on the calculation of N×P/L (N, P and L represent neutrophil count, platelet count and lymphocyte count, respectively), and it is widely used as a marker of inflammation and an indicator of cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease. We examined a possible association between SII and the presence of isolated coronary artery ectasia (CAE).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this retrospective case-control study, a total of 4400 patients who underwent elective coronary angiography between June 2015 and July 2020 were retrospectively screened. Following the application of exclusion criteria, our study population consisted of 139 CAE patients and 141 age- and gender-matched subjects who proved to have normal coronary angiograms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median value of SII was found to be statistically significantly higher in patients with CAE (<i>p</i> < 0.01). SII level ≥ 809 measured on admission had 48% sensitivity and 82% specificity in predicting isolated CAE in ROC curve analysis. In this ROC analysis, the predictive powers of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and SII in determining the presence of ectasia were compared, and the predictive power of SII was significantly stronger than N/L ratio (<i>p</i> = 0.003). In the multivariate analysis, hyperlipidaemia (OR = 1.978, 95% CI: 1.168-3.349, <i>p</i> = 0.01), smoking (OR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.090-3.127, <i>p</i> = 0.023) N/L ratio (OR = 1.192, 95% CI: (1.114-1.997, <i>p</i> = 0.07) and SII (OR = 1.002, 95% CI: 1.001-1.003, <i>p</i> < 0.01) were independent predictors of the presence of isolated CAE.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SII is a readily available clinical laboratory value that is associated with the presence of isolated CAE. Our findings may indicate a common pathophysiological mechanism between CAE and coronary artery disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":"6 ","pages":"e152-e157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f0/f8/AMS-AD-6-45194.PMC8525247.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39561861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute myocardial infarction in COVID-19 patients. A review of cases in the literature.","authors":"Nomesh Kumar, Renuka Verma, Petras Lohana, Arti Lohana, Kamleshun Ramphul","doi":"10.5114/amsad.2021.109287","DOIUrl":"10.5114/amsad.2021.109287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>COVID-19 is an ongoing pandemic that has lasted more than a year. Patients with multiple comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, and smoking have been shown to be at increased risk of a more severe course and lethal outcome. Since the disease can also lead to a hypercoagulable state, several cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have also been recorded.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We searched PubMed/Medline for case reports of AMI occurring in COVID-19 positive patients using \"acute myocardial infarction\", \"COVID-19\", and \"SARS-CoV-2\" as keywords.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-three articles covering 37 patients were identified, among which 30 (81.1%) were male, and 7 (18.9%) were females. The mean age of these 37 patients was 52.8 ±15.6 years. Most cases were from the United States (17 cases, 45.9%). Several comorbidities such as hypertension (16 cases, 43.2%), diabetes (14 cases, 37.8%), smoking (8 cases, 21.6%), obesity (3 cases, 8.1%), morbid obesity (1 case, 2.7%), and elevated lipid levels (4 cases, 10.8%) were also identified. The most common symptom of AMI was chest tightness (22 cases, 59.5%), while the most common symptoms for COVID-19 were dyspnoea (25 cases, 67.6%) and fever (22 cases, 59.5%). The mortality rate was 35.1%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Given the high mortality rate, physicians are encouraged to properly check for signs of cardiac dysfunction and possible AMI while treating COVID-19 positive patients with several comorbidities or previous history of AMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":"6 ","pages":"e169-e175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e5/de/AMS-AD-6-45219.PMC8525248.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39561864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of cardiac geometry variation according to sex and race on outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.","authors":"Edward T Ha, Marc Cohen, Theodore J Gaeta, Manish A Parikh, Stephen J Peterson, Wilbert S Aronow","doi":"10.5114/amsad.2021.107908","DOIUrl":"10.5114/amsad.2021.107908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The prevalence and long-term consequences of differences in baseline cardiac geometry (as a result of hypertension) in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are ill-defined. The primary purpose of this study was to clarify whether there were differences among sexual and racial groups in echocardiographic findings reflecting cardiac geometry and adaptation in patients undergoing PCI for ACS and whether this could explain the differences in outcomes seen between these groups.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We analyzed 1-year follow-up data from a single institution, a retrospective, observational study that enrolled 1,153 patients who presented with ACS and were treated with PCI, for whom echocardiographic data were available.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Normal, concentric hypertrophy, and eccentric hypertrophy in males vs. females were observed as follows: 29% vs. 19% (<i>p</i> = 0.001), 25% vs. 31% (<i>p</i> = 0.02), and 8% vs. 14% (<i>p</i> = 0.004), respectively. The primary endpoint of all-cause death (<i>n</i> = 89, 7.7%) occurred in 48 (10.5%) females and in 41 (8.2%) males, <i>p</i> = 0.03. Major adverse cardiac events and bleeding (MACE-B - all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke or hospitalization for bleeding) was higher among women than men (21.6% vs. 13.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.0002). Males with eccentric hypertrophy (EH) had similar MACE-B outcomes as females with EH 1-year post-PCI (29% vs. 32%, respectively, <i>p</i> = 0.77).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Females undergoing PCI for ACS are at higher risk for worse outcomes because they are more likely to express the eccentric hypertrophy phenotype; however, it did not account for the difference in adverse outcomes observed between sexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":"6 ","pages":"e152-e159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d7/12/AMS-AD-6-44748.PMC8336437.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39302626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenging two-staged percutaneous coronary intervention in multivessel coronary artery disease with a high SYNTAX score: feasible, yet complicated.","authors":"Aleksandra Gąsecka, Aleksandra Bury, Małgorzata Mierzejewska, Arkadiusz Pietrasik","doi":"10.5114/amsad.2021.107812","DOIUrl":"10.5114/amsad.2021.107812","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":"6 ","pages":"e120-e122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cb/ea/AMS-AD-6-44714.PMC8336436.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39304630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on children and adolescents and possible solutions: a perspective.","authors":"Nomesh Kumar, Kamleshun Ramphul, Stephanie Gonzalez Mejias, Petras Lohana, Renuka Verma, Yogeshwaree Ramphul, Ruhi Sonaye","doi":"10.5114/amsad.2021.107811","DOIUrl":"10.5114/amsad.2021.107811","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":"6 ","pages":"e115-e119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/44/c8/AMS-AD-6-44713.PMC8336433.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39304629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of advanced oxidation protein products and vitamin E in atherosclerosis progression.","authors":"Leila Azouaou Toualbi, Adnane Mounir, Ballouti Wafa, Arab Medina, Khelfi Abderrezak, Toualbi Chahine, Chader Henni, Bennoui Abdelghani, Seba Atmane","doi":"10.5114/amsad.2021.107823","DOIUrl":"10.5114/amsad.2021.107823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) are considered as markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, and highly predictive of atherosclerosis. Vitamin E (Vit-E) is a powerful antioxidant, but no consensus on its effectiveness at the level of AOPP or the process of atherosclerosis has been made. Hence this was the aim of the present study.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A longitudinal study was conducted on 205 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and 40 controls. The correlations between AOPP and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and different biological markers were analyzed. Supra-aortic trunk echo-Doppler was conducted to assess the correlation of AOPP with intima-media thickness. The effects of Vit-E treatment on AOPP levels and atherosclerosis progression were also investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AOPP levels increased in parallel to the alteration of renal functions in CKD patients, compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The mean value of AOPP increased concomitantly with the intima-media thickness (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, AOPP mean value was higher in patients with atherosclerotic plaques (<i>p</i> < 0.05) compared to those without plaques. Vit-E treatment stabilized the levels of AOPP but had no effect on the atherosclerotic progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AOPP were proved to be effective markers of oxidative stress and their high levels help to predict the progression of atherosclerosis. As a powerful antioxidant, Vit-E stabilized the AOPP levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":"6 ","pages":"e135-e144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1e/f7/AMS-AD-6-44719.PMC8336440.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39305106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of combined lipid-lowering and antioxidant nutraceutical on plasma lipids, endothelial function, and estimated cardiovascular disease risk in moderately hypercholesterolemic patients: a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Arrigo F G Cicero,&nbsp;Marilisa Bove,&nbsp;Raffaele I Cincione,&nbsp;Federica Fogacci,&nbsp;Maddalena Veronesi","doi":"10.5114/amsad.2021.107843","DOIUrl":"10.5114/amsad.2021.107843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nutraceuticals are a good means to lower cardiovascular risk. Having established a reasonable pharmacological background, a new nutraceutical combination should be tested in clinical trials.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial aims to evaluate the modulating effect, in a setting of controlled nutritional habits, of a combined food supplement with DIF1STAT (based on red yeast rice with a very low content of monacolins, linear aliphatic alcohols and niacin) and <i>Olea europaea</i> on plasma lipids and endothelial function, in a group of 40 healthy, moderately hypercholesterolemic patients in primary cardiovascular prevention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 8 weeks of treatment, when compared to the placebo group, the active treated patients experienced significant improvements of different metabolic parameters and endothelial reactivity compared to placebo. The treated patients showed a statistically significant percentage change in total cholesterol (-12.25 delta% vs. -1.8%, <i>p</i> < 0.01), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (-28.7 delta% vs. -1.1%, <i>p</i> < 0.01), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (+4.99% vs. +0.9%, <i>p</i> < 0.05), non-HDL cholesterol (-16.02 delta% vs. -1.5%, <i>p</i> < 0.01), SUA (-12.96 delta%, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and endothelial reactivity (+6.73% vs. -1.4%, <i>p</i> < 0.01). In both groups, there was no case of intolerance and the safety parameters were unchanged.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The tested nutraceutical association is able to significantly improve different lipid parameters compared to placebo, and endothelial reactivity compared to baseline. Even if the study power appears to be adequate for the primary endpoints, the effect on endothelial function needs confirmation in a longer clinical trial.</p>","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":"6 ","pages":"e145-e151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/51/01/AMS-AD-6-44720.PMC8336438.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39302625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and mortality rates of acute ischemic stroke in hospitalized patients in the United States.","authors":"Kamleshun Ramphul,&nbsp;Yogeshwaree Ramphul,&nbsp;Shaheen Sombans,&nbsp;Petras Lohana,&nbsp;Renuka Verma,&nbsp;Nomesh Kumar,&nbsp;Jyotsnav Joynauth","doi":"10.5114/amsad.2021.107820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/amsad.2021.107820","url":null,"abstract":"Corresponding author: Dr. Petras Lohana Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Hospital Jamshroo, Pakistan E-mail: drpetraslohana34@ gmail.com 1 Shanghai Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China 2Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam National Hospital, Pamplemousses, Mauritius 3Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College and Hospital, Pune, India 4 Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Hospital, Jamshoro Sindh, Pakistan 5Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Punjab, India 6Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":"6 ","pages":"e132-e134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/26/24/AMS-AD-6-44718.PMC8336434.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39305105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update on prevention of diabetic foot ulcer.","authors":"Cesare Miranda,&nbsp;Roberto Da Ros,&nbsp;Raffaele Marfella","doi":"10.5114/amsad.2021.107817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/amsad.2021.107817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The diabetic foot ulcer is the most important reason for non-traumatic limb amputation. Based on recent data, it has been estimated that up to 34% of type 2 diabetes patients may develop diabetic foot ulcers once in their lifetime. Risk factors for developing foot ulcers are distal sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease, previous ulcers, and/or amputations. Understanding the factors that place patients with diabetes mellitus at high ulceration risk and the early treatment of risk factors, and continuous education of the patient (and/or caregivers) are essential for the prevention and management of diabetic foot complications. Implementing strategies to prevent these complications is a key aspect of diabetes care, but the most effective strategy in prevention has to be investigated. More evidence from well-designed studies is needed on this topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":8317,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Medical Sciences. Atherosclerotic Diseases","volume":"6 ","pages":"e123-e131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4a/6b/AMS-AD-6-44717.PMC8336435.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39304631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}