Archives of Hygiene Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Educational Intervention Based on the Health Belief Model on the Improvement of the Health Performance of Female Hairdressers in Qom, Iran","authors":"Zeynab Gholamrezaee Sarvelat, G. Sharifirad, MohammadHosin Babakhani, H. Zamanian, S. Mohebi","doi":"10.29252/archhygsci.9.2.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/archhygsci.9.2.109","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims of the Study Beauty salons as public places can be responsible for the transmission of various diseases. Among them, infectious diseases transmitted through the blood, such as AIDS, hepatitis B and C, which can lead to death, are more significant than others. In this regard, the present study aimed to determine the effect of educational intervention, based on the health belief model (HBM), on the improvement of health-related behavior of female hairdressers in Qom, Iran in 2018.Materials and MethodsThe present intervention study was performed on 88 subjects who were selected using multi-stage random sampling. The participants were divided into two groups of intervention (n=44) and control (n=44). The data collection tool was a health status checklist and a researcher-made questionnaire based on the HBM whose validity and reliability were confirmed. The intervention group was subjected to educational intervention sessions and after three months, both groups completed the same questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 21), descriptive statistics (absolute and relative frequency, mean, and standard deviation), and inferential statistics (Chi-squared test, Mann Whitney, independent t-test, and paired t-test). It should be noted a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe mean and standard deviation of age in the intervention and control groups were 33.36±8.3 and 36.31±10.3 years, respectively. At the beginning of the study, no significant difference was observed between the groups regarding their demographic characteristics, the HBM constructs and performance model were not significantly observed at the beginning of the study between the experimental and control groups (P <0.05). However, based on the results, after the intervention, the mean score of knowledge and HBM constructs (except for the perceived barriers after the educational intervention) increased significantly in the interventional group, compared to the control group (P<0.001). Moreover, before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the mean scores of health-related behaviors and checklist results of the two groups (P<0.05). However, three months after the intervention, the mean scores of health-related behaviors and checklist of the intervention group were significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.001).ConclusionGiven the significant change in the level of knowledge and HBM constructs as well as the improvement in the health-related behaviors of the intervention group after the educational intervention, it can be concluded that the HBM can be used as a framework in designing special training programs for hairdressers.","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"109-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46381956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosorption of Chromium and Nickel from Aqueous Solution by Chicken Feather","authors":"E. Solgi, Ali Zamaninan","doi":"10.29252/archhygsci.9.2.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/archhygsci.9.2.97","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims of the StudyHeavy metals and its compounds are toxic pollutants that have priority in the studies due to their potential harm to human health.Materials and MethodsThis study evaluated the potential of a chicken feather for the removal of nickel and chromium from aqueous solutions. The chicken feather was prepared from aviculture for nickel and chromium removal from aqueous solutions. The effects of pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, and initial metal concentration on Ni and Cr removal were also evaluated in this study. Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were used to characterize the biosorption of the mentioned metals onto the chicken feather.ResultsBased on the findings, the maximum removal of metals was found in a contact time of 3 h, 1 g/L of adsorbent, pH 5 (for Ni) and 6 (for Cr), and concentration of 1 mg/l of metals. According to the Langmuir isotherms, the maximum biosorption capacities (qm) of Cr and Ni were 22.3 and 119.05 mg/g, respectively.ConclusionThe results showed that chicken feathers can absorb chromium and nickel at low concentrations. However, the ability and possibility of the use of the chicken feather are limited for the treatment of contaminated wastewater at high concentrations.","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"97-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42013798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Ulcerative Colitis in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran","authors":"Hamid Gheibipour, A. Ahmadi, G. Rahimian","doi":"10.29252/archhygsci.9.2.88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/archhygsci.9.2.88","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims of the Study Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease, which is spreading continuously. This study aimed to determine the epidemiologic profile of the patients with UC in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran, as a database for other researches.Materials and MethodsThis descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on the profiles of the patients with a definitive diagnosis of UC during 2012-2016 in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari in 2019. All the samples were selected through the census method. The data consisted of demographic characteristics, clinical features, as well as colonoscopy and histopathology results, and other symptoms which were collected based on the checklists. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22); moreover, the qualitative and quantitative variables were reported using frequency and percentage as well as mean and standard deviation, respectively.ResultsThis study analyzed 177 UC patients with a mean age of 38.31±11.69 years. According to the findings, the 31-40-year-old group was the most vulnerable age group. Regarding gender, 59.3% of the patients were male. The mean duration between the onset of the symptoms and diagnosis was reported as 7±11.51 years. The most common symptoms were bleeding (72%) and abdominal pain (53%). Moreover, erythema (63.27%) and erosion (54.8%) were the most prevalent complications based on the pathologic findings. Extra-intestinal manifestations were reported among 18.36% of the cases. Considering the involved locations, pancolitis (36.72%) and the inflammation of rectosigmoid (35.6%) were the most common types.ConclusionThe results of this study were similar to the findings of other investigations in terms of demographic characteristics. On the other hand, the clinical symptoms and complications of the disease were different from those in some previous studies.","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"88-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45475012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Synthetic Wastewater Containing Diethyl Phthalate through Photo-Fenton Method by Box-Behnken Design","authors":"A. Shokri, J. Hosseini, M. S. Fard","doi":"10.29252/archhygsci.9.2.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/archhygsci.9.2.121","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims of the StudyDiethyl phthalate (DEP) cannot be proficiently degraded by ultraviolet (UV) radiation and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) oxidation separately; however, the photo-Fenton method is verified to be operative and can completely degrade this pollutant. Currently, advanced oxidation methods have been growing to be employed for the remediation of industrial wastewater. In the present study, the photo-Fenton process investigated the degradation and mineralization of the aqueous solution containing DEP.Materials and MethodsSynthesized wastewater was used in this study. In addition, the effects of operative factors, such as the initial concentrations of H2O2, ferrous ion, and DEP, have been studied. The response surface methodology and Box-Behnken design of experiments were applied to examine the effects of three sovereign variables on the response functions to obtain the optimum circumstances.ResultsThe analysis of variance was carried out to determine the importance of the effects of independent variables on the response function. Various amounts of variables were optimized for the removal of DEP. At optimum conditions (i.e., H2O2 concentration of 400 mg/l, ferrous concentration of 75 mg/l, and DEP concentration of 50 mg/l) and 60 min following the reaction, the rates of degradation efficiency for DEP and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were 100% and 85.3%, respectively.ConclusionAccording to the obtained results, the suggested quadratic model showed good correctness. The statistical analysis of the model indicated that the model was satisfactory to predict the performance of the processes. The obtained findings demonstrated that the photo-Fenton processes can be used for the complete and partial removal of DEP and COD from wastewater, respectively. The benefits of the photo-Fenton process were less sludge formation, fewer chemicals, and time obligation but at the cost of consumed power. The power consumption can be reduced by employing sunlight instead of artificial UV light to a larger amount. The photo-Fenton procedure was influential in the degradation of DEP and can considerably decrease COD.","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"121-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48485247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Training Programs on the Promotion of Pediculosis Preventive Behaviors in Mothers","authors":"R. Mohammadpour, H. Zamanian, A. Rahbar, S. Mohebi","doi":"10.29252/archhygsci.9.2.132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/archhygsci.9.2.132","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims of the StudyInfestation of humans by lice has a long history and is still recognized as a recurring disease and a global health problem. In this regard, mothers, as the backbone of the family, play a peculiar role in children's health. The present study aimed to determine the effect of education on the promotion of pediculosis preventive behaviors in mothers of female primary school students.Materials and MethodsThe current study was conducted using interventional design and multi-stage random sampling method in collaboration with 176 mothers of female primary school students in Qom in the academic year of 2018-2019. The data collection tool was a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire comprising of three sections: demographic information, awareness questions, and preventive behavior questionnaire. The educational intervention for mothers in the test group was held in four 90-minute sessions for 2 weeks. After 3 months, the post-test questionnaires were completed again. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 16). A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significance.ResultsThe results of statistical tests demonstrated no statistically significant difference between the test and control groups in terms of demographic variables (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between the mean score of preventive behavior in the test group before and 3 months after the intervention (P<0.001). On the other hand, no significant difference was observed in the control group before and after the intervention (P= 0.66). There was a significant difference between the mean score of awareness in the test group before and 3 months after the educational intervention (P<0.001). Moreover, the mean difference between the awareness score and preventive behavior between the test group and the control showed a significant difference (P <0.001).ConclusionAs evidenced by the obtained results, maternal education can increase the level of awareness and promote pediculosis preventive behaviors. Therefore, mothers' participation in educational programs in schools and comprehensive health centers can help change people's pediculosis preventive behaviors.","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"132-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48064179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Heavy Metal Contamination and Ecological Risk Assessment in Sediments of Karun using Aquatic Pollution Indices","authors":"F. Hedayatzadeh, N. Hassanzadeh","doi":"10.29252/ARCHHYGSCI.9.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/ARCHHYGSCI.9.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims of the Study: The current study was designed to determine the quality of sediments in Karun in Ahvaz, Iran, according to aquatic pollution indices.Materials and MethodsThe sediment samples were obtained from six river stations in summer and winter. The sediment samples were air-dried, sifted, homogenized, and stored in plastic bags, and the concentrations of metals were determined in the laboratory.ResultsThe obtained findings revealed that the mean concentrations of lead, zinc, chrome, and cadmium were 26.27, 72.36, 53.47, and 3.85 mg/kg dw in summer and 13.41, 59.54, 30.28, and 0.42 mg/kg dw in winter, respectively. According to the mean scores of the potential ecological risk index (PERI), in two seasons, the sediment enrichment with metals was observed in the order of Cd > Pb > Cr > Zn; however, according to biological toxicity test (the effects range-median quotient), the sequences of the metals during summer and winter were Cd > Cr > Zn > Pb and Zn > Cr > Pb > Cd, respectively. The comparison of indices between stations showed that in summer, stations 3 and 4 were medium-low priority side according to the mean effects range-median quotient (mERM-Q) and were reported with moderate ecological risk based on the PERI. In winter, stations 2 and 4 had a medium-low priority side and moderate ecological risk according to mERM-Q and PERI, respectively. The results of hazard quotient (HQ) and modified hazard quotient also showed that the HQ values of Pb and Zn (0.1<hq</hqConclusionBased on all the indices, station 4 was the most contaminated site, and Cd was reported with the highest risk. Therefore, entering the wastewater canal and input contaminants, especially cadmium into Karun can be regarded as a major concern.","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45393971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Occupational Accident and Its Related Factors in Two Hospitals in Tehran","authors":"M. Raadabadi, M. Salimi, Masood Safari, M. Heydari","doi":"10.29252/ARCHHYGSCI.9.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/ARCHHYGSCI.9.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"a Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran b MSc Student of Health Economics, Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran c Trauma Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran d PhD Student of Health Services Management, Health management and economics research center, Iran University of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45639092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Organizational Intelligence, Workplace-Life Skills, and Employee Empowerment Training on Promoting Organizational Productivity and Socialization among Employees with Job Stress","authors":"A. Zamiri, A. Heidari, P. Askari, B. Makvandi","doi":"10.29252/ARCHHYGSCI.9.1.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/ARCHHYGSCI.9.1.58","url":null,"abstract":"Article Notes: Received: Dec 21, 2019 Received in revised form: Jan 23, 2020 Accepted: Jan 28, 2020 Available Online: Apr 21, 2020 Background & Aims of the Study: Job stress has negative effects on various organizational, motivational, and social factors. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of organizational intelligence, workplace-life skills, and employee empowerment training on promoting organizational productivity and socialization among the employees with job stress in Persian Gulf Star Oil Co., Bandar Abbas, Iran, during 2018-19. Materials and Methods: This study included 80 employees with job stress who were selected based on Morgan's table using a simple random sampling. Subsequently, the participants were assigned into a control group (n=20), experimental group 1(organizational intelligence training, n=20), experimental group 2 (workplace-life skills training, n=20), and experimental group 3 (empowerment training, n=20) by a simple random sampling. The data were collected through Hersey and Goldsmith's Productivity Questionnaire, Taormina's Organizational Socialization Questionnaire, and Rice's Job Stress Questionnaire. Moreover, the data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 25) through multivariate analysis of covariance, analysis of covariance, multivariate analysis of variance, and univariate analysis of variance. Results: The results indicated that organizational intelligence, workplace-life skills, and employee empowerment training increased organizational productivity and socialization in employees with job stress in experimental groups 1, 2, and 3, compared to the control group (P=0.001). Conclusion: Organizational intelligence, workplace-life skills, and empowerment training were effective factors in enhancing organizational productivity and socialization among employees with job stress by the creation of internal motivation through preparing the environment, providing necessary context for transmitting a sense of greater self-efficacy and more ability, as well as enhancing employees' perception of their abilities.","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"58-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42944278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Pattern and Trend of Brucellosis in Diagnosed Patients in Isfahan Province, Iran, during 2011-8","authors":"M. Saberi, Nafiseh Sadeghian, R. F. Nobari, J. Ramazanpour, M. Nasirian","doi":"10.29252/archhygsci.9.1.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/archhygsci.9.1.77","url":null,"abstract":"a MSc in Epidemiology, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran b MSc in Epidemiology, Deputy of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran c Infectious Diseases Specialist, Department of Disease Prevention and Control, Deputy of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran d BSc in Public Health, Department of Disease Prevention and Control, Deputy of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran e PhD in Epidemiology, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"77-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43656173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Aqueous Solution Containing Acid red 14 using an Electro Peroxone Process and a Box-Behnken Experimental Design","authors":"A. Shokri, S. Karimi","doi":"10.29252/ARCHHYGSCI.9.1.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/ARCHHYGSCI.9.1.48","url":null,"abstract":"The organic dyes originated from textile productions utilize a large volume of water over the dying process. Following that, wastewaters containing dyes are discharged into rivers or public sewages (1, 2). Therefore, it is necessary to find an operative way to eliminate the color from the textile wastes. The conventional approaches are not appropriately efficient since dyes are scarcely transferrable due to their low A-R-T-I-C-L-EI-N-F-O A-B-S-T-R-A-C-T","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"48-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42608157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}