Archives of Hygiene Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Remediation of Spent Caustic in the Wastewater of Oil Refinery by Photo-Fenton Process","authors":"S. Karimi, A. Shokri, B. Aghel","doi":"10.29252/archhygsci.9.3.179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/archhygsci.9.3.179","url":null,"abstract":"Article Notes: Received: Jun 07, 2020 Received in revised form: Jun 23, 2020 Accepted: Jun 23, 2020 Available Online: Jul 27, 2020 Background & Aims of the Study: Currently, the advanced oxidation processes have received increasing attention for the treatment of industrial wastewater. In the present study, the photo-Fenton process was used for the remediation of the spent caustic in the wastewater of Kermanshah Oil Refining Company in Iran. The effluent comprising spent caustic is toxic dark brawn with a high level of alkalinity. Materials and Methods: Diluted wastewater covering the spent caustic from Kermanshah Oil refinery was used in this study in September 2018. In addition, the effects of operative factors, such as the initial concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), ferrous ion, and initial chemical oxygen demand (COD), have been investigated. The response surface method and Box-Behnken design of experiments were employed to examine the effects of three independent variables on the response function to obtain the optimum conditions. Results: Analysis of variance was performed to determine the significance of the effects of independent variables on the response function. Various amounts of variables were optimized for the removal of COD. At optimum conditions (i.e., an H2O2 concentration of 600 mg/l, ferrous concentration of 145 mg/l, and initial COD of 300 mg/l), the removal efficiency for COD was 91.5% after 60 min of reaction. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, the suggested quadratic model demonstrated good correctness. The statistical analysis showed that the model was satisfactory to predict the performance of the process. The wastewater containing spent caustic cannot proficiently be degraded by ultraviolet radiation and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) oxidation separately; however, the photo-Fenton method is verified to be operative and can considerably degrade this pollutant. One of the main disadvantages of this process in the treatment of spent caustic is that the optimum pH is near 3, and a considerable amount of acid is needed to neutralize and acidify the alkalinity of spent caustic.","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"179-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46563064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollution Status of Pesticide Residues in Food Products in Iran: A Mini-review within 2008-2018","authors":"Kamran Tari, M. Samarghandi, Nematollah Jaafarzadeh Haghighi Fard, S. Jorfi, A. Yari, M. P. Fard","doi":"10.29252/ARCHHYGSCI.9.3.214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/ARCHHYGSCI.9.3.214","url":null,"abstract":"a Student Research Committee, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran b Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran c Professor, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran d Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical sciences, Ahvaz, Iran e Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran f Ph.D. Student of Environmental Health Engineering, Student Research Committee, School of Health Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"214-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49259274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavior and Knowledge of the Citizens about Ultra Violet Radiation in a Semi-arid Region in Iran","authors":"M. Hosseini, Reza Fouladi-Fard, A. O. Oskouei, M. Balali, A. Ebrahimi, R. Aali","doi":"10.29252/ARCHHYGSCI.9.3.193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/ARCHHYGSCI.9.3.193","url":null,"abstract":"a Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran b Student Research Committee, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran c Department of Public Health, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran d Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"193-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42594265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Individual and Occupational Risk Factors of Musculoskeletal Disorders Using BPAI among Dentists in Qom, Iran","authors":"M. Khandan, A. Koohpaei, Mozhgan Shahbazi, Z. Allahdadi, Sakineh Abdi zarin","doi":"10.29252/archhygsci.9.3.234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/archhygsci.9.3.234","url":null,"abstract":"Article Notes: Received: Aug 04, 2020 Received in revised form: Sep 02, 2020 Accepted: Sep 02, 2020 Available Online: Sep 23, 2020 Background & Aims of the Study: Improper posture of dentists causes cumulative pressure on their body and ultimately leads to occupational injuries. Despite the existence of numerous studies performed on musculoskeletal pain, complaints around this disease are still widespread in the dentistry profession. This study was aimed at the precise identification of individual and occupational risk factors for musculoskeletal pain among dentists working in Qom, Iran, in 2018. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 51 dentists with at least one year of work experience. In this study, the occupational sitting activities were taken into account. In order to evaluate the ergonomics status of such activities, Branson’s Posture Assessment Instrument (BPAI) was used. The data were collected using a researcher-made demographic form and body map questionnaire. Statistical analysis of data was performed in SPSS software (Version 22) by Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Results: Based on the results of the study, 84.3% (n=43) of the dentists had pain in at least one or more parts of their musculoskeletal system. The most commonly affected areas were the neck (72.7%) and shoulder (54.5%). In addition, 21.6% and 80.4% of postures were at acceptable and compromised levels, respectively. It was revealed that posture had a significant relationship with work experience and the amount of rest breaks (P<0.05). Based on the results of Spearman's correlation coefficient, the final BPAI score showed a significant relationship with the amount of rest breaks , number of training courses, and work experience (P<0.05). Conclusion: Despite the implementation of preventive measures and utilization of new tool and equipment design processes, ergonomic disorders are prevalent in dental profession. Therefore, it is required to make reforms at various physical and systemic levels to improve the situation.","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"234-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49437693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Physicochemical and Microbial Parameters of Drinking Water Supply Sources in Villages of Saqqez, Iran","authors":"A. Yousefi, Zahra Hojati Bonab","doi":"10.29252/archhygsci.9.3.224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/archhygsci.9.3.224","url":null,"abstract":"Article Notes: Received: May 05, 2020 Received in revised form: Aug 19, 2020 Accepted: Aug 19, 2020 Available Online: Sep 23, 2020 Background & Aims of the Study: Providing safe drinking water is one of the most important goals in human societies. It is clear that people's health depends on the provision of favorable drinking water. This study examined the physicochemical and microbial parameters of drinking water resources in the villages of Saqqez, Iran, within 3 months in 2018. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 24 sources of drinking water supply (i.e., wells and springs) in the villages covered by rural water and sewage in Saqqez within 3 months in 2018. The cultivation of the samples was performed by the most probable number (MPN) technique to evaluate the number of total coliforms and fecal coliforms. Chemical experiments were conducted based on titration, and physical experiments were performed through analytical methods. Finally, SPSS statistical software (version 20) was used for the statistical analysis of the results. Results: The obtained results of the present study showed that the parameters of turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and total dissolved solids (TDS) were within the range of the national and international standards. In addition, the total hardness parameter in 100% of the samples was within the range of national standards; however, it was within the standard range of the World Health Organization in 87.5% of the samples. The levels of total coliforms and fecal coliforms were reported within the range of the national and international standards in 66.67% and 85.82% of the samples, respectively. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, the parameters, including turbidity, EC, chlorine, pH, and TDS, were in accordance with the national and international standards. Moreover, the levels of total and fecal coliforms were within the range of the national and international standards in 66.67% and 85.82% of the samples, respectively. The maximum values of total coliforms and fecal coliforms were within the range of 6-9 MPN per 100 mL, respectively. These low values can be eliminated with simple chlorination.","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"224-233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49085219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of Awareness, Perceived Benefits, and Perceived Barriers with Nutritional Behavior of Elementary School Students in Kashan","authors":"F. Saidi, Z. Ahmadi, Z. Gharlipour, Fateme sadat Isadkhah, A. Arabshahi","doi":"10.29252/ARCHHYGSCI.9.3.168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/ARCHHYGSCI.9.3.168","url":null,"abstract":"a BSc in Food and Beverage, Deputy of Food and Drug Administration, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran b Student Research Committee, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran c Public Health Department, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran d Student Research Committee, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"168-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47786482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Validation of an Iranian Application Software for the Evaluation of the Permit-to-work System in Process Industries","authors":"S. Mousavi, A. Karimi, S. Zakerian, Mehrdad Mehravar","doi":"10.29252/ARCHHYGSCI.9.3.189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/ARCHHYGSCI.9.3.189","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"189-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45382945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Effective Risk Factors Leading to Musculoskeletal Disorders in Jobs of a Central Repair Workshop in an Oil Refinery using Relative Stress Index","authors":"A. Esmailzadeh, Saeid Yazdani Rad, Mahsa Jahadi Naeini, Roohaldin Moradi, S. Mousavi","doi":"10.29252/archhygsci.9.3.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/archhygsci.9.3.205","url":null,"abstract":"a Instructor, Department of Occupational Hygiene, School of Public Health, Lorestan University of Medical Science, Lorestan, Iran b Instructor, Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khoramabad, Iran c Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran d MSc Student, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran e Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran f MSc, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"205-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41433287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Dietary Patterns and the Related Factors in Pregnant Women Who Referred to Health Centers in Qom, Iran","authors":"F. Izadkhah, Z. Ahmadi, Zabihollah Garlipour","doi":"10.29252/archhygsci.9.2.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/archhygsci.9.2.143","url":null,"abstract":"Pregnancy is one of the most important periods in the life of a mother, which is accompanied by an increase in their nutritional needs (1). Since nutrition plays an important role in maternal and child health (2), a healthy diet guarantees a successful pregnancy and delivery (3). Therefore, the provision of the needed micronutrients is necessary to prevent the loss of body reserves and maintenance of good health (4). According to previous studies, fetal growth depends on adequate maternal access to food (5). A balanced diet has a positive effect on fetal growth and supports the mother during pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding (6), and other aspects of her life A-R-T-I-C-L-EI-N-F-O A-B-S-T-R-A-C-T","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"143-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46344694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence, Probable Source, and Health Risk Assessment of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene Compounds in Ambient Urban Atmosphere in Ahvaz, Iran","authors":"Fariba Hedayatzade, N. Hassanzadeh","doi":"10.29252/archhygsci.9.2.152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/archhygsci.9.2.152","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Aims of the StudyThe benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) compounds are the most abundant volatile organic compounds in the urban atmosphere. This study aimed to investigate and monitor the ambient BTEX compounds in Ahvaz, Iran.Materials and MethodsThe atmospheric concentrations of the BTEX were measured using the Air Quality Monitoring Station in the center of Ahvaz. Hourly mean concentration data of the BTEX compounds from March 21, 2017, until November 21, 2017, were obtained from the environmental protection organization of Khuzestan province.ResultsMean concentrations of the BTEX compounds were 0.80±0.04, 2.55±0.10, 0.54±0.03, and 1.26±0.07 µg/m3, respectively, and these concentrations were lower in the summer, compared to other seasons. A significant relationship between benzene and other BTEX compounds indicates that BTEX release from certain sources, such as gasoline vehicles. Moreover, the mean toluene/benzene ratio was estimated at 3.29±0.84, and this ratio shows that the highest concentrations of pollutant emissions were emitted from the activity traffic. Carcinogen risk assessment of Ahvazi people exposure to benzene showed that the mean cancer risk value for benzene exposure was 0.89×10−6, which was lower than the unit cancer risk value (i.e., 1×10-6). Hazard quotient's calculation showed that the mean non-carcinogenic risk values for exposure to BTEX compounds were 3.84, 0.074, 0.077, and 1.76, respectively. The mean hazard index (HI) for exposure to BTEX compounds was 5.75, which was considerably higher than the unit value of 1.ConclusionBased on the findings, the necessity of controlling BTEX emissions, especially benzene and identifying the sources of these compounds can be a useful tool for the management of connected control strategies.","PeriodicalId":8299,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Hygiene Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"152-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43193394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}