{"title":"Zonisamide: no magic bullet.","authors":"Mitchell H Katz","doi":"10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8290,"journal":{"name":"Archives of internal medicine","volume":"172 20","pages":"1565"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30980029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Good prediction rules are hard to find: did we succeed?","authors":"Mitchell H Katz","doi":"10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.120","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8290,"journal":{"name":"Archives of internal medicine","volume":"172 20","pages":"1536"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30980037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deirdre K Tobias, Frank B Hu, Jorge Chavarro, Bernard Rosner, Dariush Mozaffarian, Cuilin Zhang
{"title":"Healthful dietary patterns and type 2 diabetes mellitus risk among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Deirdre K Tobias, Frank B Hu, Jorge Chavarro, Bernard Rosner, Dariush Mozaffarian, Cuilin Zhang","doi":"10.1001/archinternmed.2012.3747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2012.3747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has reached epidemic proportions. Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at high risk for T2DM after pregnancy. Adherence to healthful dietary patterns has been inversely associated with T2DM in the general population; however, whether these dietary patterns are associated with progression to T2DM among a susceptible population is unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four thousand four hundred thirteen participants from the Nurses' Health Study II cohort with prior GDM were followed up from 1991 to 2005. We derived the alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and alternate Healthy Eating Index (aHEI) dietary pattern adherence scores from a post-GDM validated food-frequency questionnaire, with cumulative average updating every 4 years. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models estimated the relative risk (hazard ratios) and 95% confidence intervals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed 491 cases of incident T2DM during 52 743 person-years. All 3 patterns were inversely associated with T2DM risk with adjustment for age, total calorie intake, age at first birth, parity, ethnicity, parental diabetes, oral contraceptive use, menopause, and smoking. When we compared participants with the highest adherence (quartile 4) vs lowest (quartile 1), the aMED pattern was associated with 40% lower risk of T2DM (hazard ratio, 0.60 [95% CI, 0.44-0.82; P=.002]); the DASH pattern, with 46% lower risk (0.54 [0.39-0.73; P.001]); and the aHEI pattern, with 57% lower risk (0.43 [0.31-0.59; P.001]). Adjustment for body mass index moderately attenuated these findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adherence to healthful dietary patterns is associated with lower T2DM risk among women with a history of GDM. The inverse associations are partly mediated by body mass index.</p>","PeriodicalId":8290,"journal":{"name":"Archives of internal medicine","volume":"172 20","pages":"1566-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1001/archinternmed.2012.3747","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30912454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Telehealth monitoring with nurse clinician oversight-reply.","authors":"Paul Y Takahashi, Nilay D Shah, James M Naessens","doi":"10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.276","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8290,"journal":{"name":"Archives of internal medicine","volume":"172 20","pages":"1612-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.276","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31496235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Risks and benefits of medications in real-world practice:.","authors":"Mitchell H Katz","doi":"10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.868","url":null,"abstract":"Risks and Benefits of Medications in Real-World Practice A ll drugs have adverse effects. The challenge for practicing physicians is to determine which medications have the fewest adverse effects for a given therapeutic benefit. Unfortunately, drugs with similar indications often have not been directly compared with one another because their approvals were based on comparison with placebo or with only one member of the same or a similar class. Moreover, the comparable risks for unusual adverse effects with a group of different medications having similar indications can be even more challenging because most phase 3 efficacy trials are not powered to accurately estimate or even detect the incidence of unusual occurrences. As editors, we were particularly happy to see this article by Toh et al for its content and for its methods. Drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system are increasingly in use. Angioedema is an uncommon adverse effect that can be life-threatening. Using the Food and Drug Administration’s Mini-Sentinel program, Toh et al show that all the drugs acting on this system are not associated with the same incidence of angioedema. Specifically, the incidence was significantly higher for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and aliskiren than for angiotensin receptor blockers, and all the study drugs were associated with a greater incidence of angioedema compared with the reference category of -blockers. Beyond the content, we commend the Food and Drug Administration for developing the Mini-Sentinel Distributed Database; this analysis draws on medication use and disease diagnoses from 17 health plans. We believe that careful postmarketing surveillance, like this project, is essential for us to learn the risks and benefits of medications in real-world practice.","PeriodicalId":8290,"journal":{"name":"Archives of internal medicine","volume":"172 20","pages":"1590"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.868","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30979372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sengwee Toh, Marsha E Reichman, Monika Houstoun, Mary Ross Southworth, Xiao Ding, Adrian F Hernandez, Mark Levenson, Lingling Li, Carolyn McCloskey, Azadeh Shoaibi, Eileen Wu, Gwen Zornberg, Sean Hennessy
{"title":"Comparative risk for angioedema associated with the use of drugs that target the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.","authors":"Sengwee Toh, Marsha E Reichman, Monika Houstoun, Mary Ross Southworth, Xiao Ding, Adrian F Hernandez, Mark Levenson, Lingling Li, Carolyn McCloskey, Azadeh Shoaibi, Eileen Wu, Gwen Zornberg, Sean Hennessy","doi":"10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.34","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although certain drugs that target the renin- angiotensin-aldosterone system are linked to an increased risk for angioedema, data on their absolute and comparative risks are limited. We assessed the risk for angioedema associated with the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and the direct renin inhibitor aliskiren.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective, observational, inception cohort study of patients 18 years or older from 17 health plans participating in the Mini-Sentinel program who had initiated the use of an ACEI (n = 1 845 138), an ARB (n = 467 313), aliskiren (n = 4867), or a β-blocker (n = 1 592 278) between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2010. We calculated the cumulative incidence and incidence rate of angioedema during a maximal 365-day follow-up period. Using β-blockers as a reference and a propensity score approach, we estimated the hazard ratios of angioedema separately for ACEIs, ARBs, and aliskiren, adjusting for age, sex, history of allergic reactions, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, or ischemic heart disease, and the use of prescription nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4511 angioedema events (3301 for ACEIs, 288 for ARBs, 7 for aliskiren, and 915 for β-blockers) were observed during the follow-up period. The cumulative incidences per 1000 persons were 1.79 (95% CI, 1.73-1.85) cases for ACEIs, 0.62 (95% CI, 0.55-0.69) cases for ARBs, 1.44 (95% CI, 0.58-2.96) cases for aliskiren, and 0.58 (95% CI, 0.54-0.61) cases for β-blockers. The incidence rates per 1000 person-years were 4.38 (95% CI, 4.24-4.54) cases for ACEIs, 1.66 (95% CI, 1.47-1.86) cases for ARBs, 4.67 (95% CI, 1.88-9.63) cases for aliskiren, and 1.67 (95% CI, 1.56-1.78) cases for β-blockers. Compared with the use of β-blockers, the adjusted hazard ratios were 3.04 (95% CI, 2.81-3.27) for ACEIs, 1.16 (95% CI, 1.00-1.34) for ARBs, and 2.85 (95% CI, 1.34-6.04) for aliskiren.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared with β-blockers, ACEIs or aliskiren was associated with an approximately 3-fold higher risk for angioedema, although the number of exposed events for aliskiren was small. The risk for angioedema was lower with ARBs than with ACEIs or aliskiren.</p>","PeriodicalId":8290,"journal":{"name":"Archives of internal medicine","volume":"172 20","pages":"1582-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.34","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31045746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Telemonitoring in older adults: does one size fit all?","authors":"Claudio Pedone, Raffaele Antonelli Incalzi","doi":"10.1001/archinternmed.2012.4415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2012.4415","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8290,"journal":{"name":"Archives of internal medicine","volume":"172 20","pages":"1611; author reply 1613"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1001/archinternmed.2012.4415","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31045747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Health policy in medical education: what young physicians know about the Affordable Care Act.","authors":"Esme Cullen","doi":"10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.403","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8290,"journal":{"name":"Archives of internal medicine","volume":"172 20","pages":"1605-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.403","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30928613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"No place for novel oral anticoagulants in current treatment of acute coronary syndromes.","authors":"Adrian V Hernandez","doi":"10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.293","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8290,"journal":{"name":"Archives of internal medicine","volume":"172 20","pages":"1546-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.293","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30930933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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