Technology (Elmsford, N.Y.)最新文献_第4页

Optimal Dynamic Allocation of Sales and Rental Inventory at a Retailer 零售商销售和租赁库存的最优动态分配

Technology (Elmsford, N.Y.) Pub Date : 2018-09-27 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3028780

M. Altug, Oben Ceryan

{"title":"Optimal Dynamic Allocation of Sales and Rental Inventory at a Retailer","authors":"M. Altug, Oben Ceryan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3028780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3028780","url":null,"abstract":"As renting becomes more popular among consumers, an increasing number of retailers, especially apparel retailers, are changing their business models to respond to this rising trend. Although some apparel retailers are known to be pure renters, more recently, we see retailers that simultaneously sell and rent the same products. In particular, there are these retailers that are known as primarily renters and are now selling on the side and, those that are primarily sellers, but have started renting on the side. While a retailer in this business earns more by selling instead of renting a single unit, the repeat revenue the retailer can potentially make by renting the same unit multiple times over the season can surpass its sales price and once a unit is sold, the retailer loses that potential revenue; therefore it is critical for these types of retailers to decide how much of its inventory to allocate for sales and rental at every period. We consider a monopolist retailer that starts a season with a fixed amount of inventory and at every period faces demand that splits as renters and buyers based on their utility. We study both of these aforementioned business models and characterize the optimal dynamic sales admission and rental allocation policies respectively and discuss how these decisions change as a function of the retailer's business environment and consumer behavior. Based on the economic trade-off between selling and renting, and drawing interesting parallels with the classic two-fare revenue management problem, we propose a marginal revenue heuristic and numerically show it performs very well for both models. We extend our model to study the impact of competition on a retailer's strategy of selling and renting. We characterize the equilibrium allocation decisions and discuss the different types of equilibria that can emerge.","PeriodicalId":82888,"journal":{"name":"Technology (Elmsford, N.Y.)","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85985926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Net-Metered Distributed Renewable Energy: A Peril for Utilities? 电网计量分布式可再生能源:公用事业的危险?

Technology (Elmsford, N.Y.) Pub Date : 2018-09-27 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3257925

Nur Sunar, Jayashankar M. Swaminathan

{"title":"Net-Metered Distributed Renewable Energy: A Peril for Utilities?","authors":"Nur Sunar, Jayashankar M. Swaminathan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3257925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3257925","url":null,"abstract":"Electricity end-users have been increasingly generating their own electricity via rooftop solar panels. We study the impact of such distributed renewable energy (DRE) on utility profits and social welfare under net metering, which is a widespread policy in the United States. Utilities have been lobbying against net-metered distributed solar based on the common belief that it harms utility profits. We find that when wholesale market dynamics are considered, net-metered DRE may be a positive for utilities. That is, net-metered DRE strictly improves the expected utility profit when the utility’s self-supply is below a threshold and the wholesale electricity price is sufficiently responsive to wholesale demand fluctuations. Our paper distinctively considers both downstream and upstream impacts of net-metered DRE on utilities and analyzes the tradeoff between these impacts. Net-metered DRE can increase utilities’ expenses because of their required buyback from generating customers, and reduces their retail sales revenues. In addition, it can either reduce utilities’ wholesale procurement costs or affect their wholesale market revenues. Our results suggest that utilities might benefit from emerging business strategies that motivate their customers to install solar panels. Our numerical study uses data on the distributed solar in California and the wholesale electricity market operated by the California Independent System Operator, and demonstrates that our findings hold under realistic parameters. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, operations management.","PeriodicalId":82888,"journal":{"name":"Technology (Elmsford, N.Y.)","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83096369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Real-time measurement of cholesterol secreted by human hepatocytes using a novel microfluidic assay. 实时测量人肝细胞分泌的胆固醇使用一种新的微流体试验。

Technology (Elmsford, N.Y.) Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1142/S2339547818500097

S. Karnik, Chaeeun Lee, A. Cancino, A. Bhushan

引用次数: 0

In vitro investigation of chitosan-polygalacturonic acid polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) biomaterials as anti-adhesive substrates for preventing adhesion formation 壳聚糖-聚半乳糖醛酸聚电解质复合物(PEC)生物材料作为防粘底物的体外研究

Technology (Elmsford, N.Y.) Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1142/S2339547818500073

Shiv A. Mistry, Avi M. Desai, P. He, Karishma Desai, Jordan Tutnauer, R. Schloss, N. Langrana

{"title":"In vitro investigation of chitosan-polygalacturonic acid polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) biomaterials as anti-adhesive substrates for preventing adhesion formation","authors":"Shiv A. Mistry, Avi M. Desai, P. He, Karishma Desai, Jordan Tutnauer, R. Schloss, N. Langrana","doi":"10.1142/S2339547818500073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S2339547818500073","url":null,"abstract":"Adhesions are an abnormal union of membranous surfaces. They are a painful and expensive consequence of abdominal surgeries, specifically in the peritoneal cavity. This complication requires a second surgery to remove the problem, known as adhesiolysis, which we are trying to avoid. Current solutions to adhesion formation either lack efficacy or induce an inflammatory response in the peritoneum. Our focus is to develop a post-surgical adhesion prevention polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) film, composed of an optimal ratio of chitosan (Chi) and polygalacturonic acid (PgA) to prevent adhesion formation. Adhesive properties of fibroblasts and macrophages on the PEC were also studied, since both cell types play a central role in the adhesion formation process. Additionally, we examined PEC attachment methods, ultimately for in vivo application. Current in vitro studies evaluated the material properties of the film to determine the stability of the material. The results of our studies identified certain ratios of Chi-PgA films which are mechanically consistent for use as intra-peritoneal barriers. Furthermore, their potential as anti-adhesive barriers were further supported by the fact that their surfaces are non-permissive for viable fibroblast and macrophage attachment.","PeriodicalId":82888,"journal":{"name":"Technology (Elmsford, N.Y.)","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90909975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of perfusion bioreactor for whole organ engineering — a culture system that enhances cellular engraftment, survival and phenotype of repopulated pancreas 全器官工程灌注生物反应器的研制——一种提高胰腺细胞移植、存活和表型的培养系统

Technology (Elmsford, N.Y.) Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1142/S2339547818500085

Saik-Kia Goh, S. Bertera, Vimal Vaidya, Sam Dumpe, Sierra Barner, S. Mathew, I. Banerjee

{"title":"Development of perfusion bioreactor for whole organ engineering — a culture system that enhances cellular engraftment, survival and phenotype of repopulated pancreas","authors":"Saik-Kia Goh, S. Bertera, Vimal Vaidya, Sam Dumpe, Sierra Barner, S. Mathew, I. Banerjee","doi":"10.1142/S2339547818500085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S2339547818500085","url":null,"abstract":"Whole organ engineering has emerged as a promising alternative avenue to fill the gap of donor organ shortage in organ transplantation. Recent breakthroughs in the decellularization of solid organs and repopulation with desired cell populations have generated neo-organ constructs with promising functional outcomes. The realization of this goal requires engineering advancement in the perfusion-based bioreactors to (i) efficiently deliver decellularization agents, followed by (ii) its reconstruction with relevant cell types and (iii) maintenance of viability and function of the repopulated organ. In this study, we report the development and assembly of a perfusion bioreactor with the potential to enable regenerative reconstruction of pancreas. The assembled bioreactor is versatile to efficiently decellularize multiple organs, as demonstrated by complete decellularization of pancreas, liver and heart in the same set-up. Further, the same system is amenable to support organ repopulation with diverse cell types. Using our in-house bioreactor system, we demonstrate pancreas repopulation with both immortalized MIN-6 beta cells and differentiating human pluripotent stem cells. Importantly, we show the significant advantage of perfusion culture over static culture in enhancing cell engraftment, viability and phenotypic maintenance of the repopulated pancreas. In addition, this study is a significant step forward for whole organ engineering as it will facilitate cost-effective and easy assembly of perfusion bioreactors to enable rapid advancement in regenerative organ reconstruction.","PeriodicalId":82888,"journal":{"name":"Technology (Elmsford, N.Y.)","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90868293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Measuring the growth force of invasive plant cells using Flexure integrated Lab-on-a-Chip (FiLoC) Flexure integrated Lab-on-a-Chip (FiLoC)测量入侵植物细胞生长力

Technology (Elmsford, N.Y.) Pub Date : 2018-09-01 DOI: 10.1142/S2339547818500061

Mahmood Ghanbari, M. Packirisamy, A. Geitmann

引用次数: 16

Digitalization and Regional Competitiveness: A Brief Summary 数字化与区域竞争力:综述

Technology (Elmsford, N.Y.) Pub Date : 2018-06-29 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3205442

Bence Zuti

{"title":"Digitalization and Regional Competitiveness: A Brief Summary","authors":"Bence Zuti","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3205442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3205442","url":null,"abstract":"This manuscript acts solely as a brief and concise summary on the research carried out during the ÚNKP-17-3 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry of Human Capacities in a clear and transparent manuscript format. During my Scholarship the main focus of my research topic revolved around regional competitiveness and various aspects of digitalization, as the latter is a phenomenon which becomes more and more embedded in our everyday lives and is capable of changing society and the economy. From day to day, we learn more about digitalization, and through research, we are able to chart and identify the challenges and core advantages that can come with digitalization on a broader scale in the short and long run as well. What is certain that digitalization is a popular buzzword and a key driver of research, a main focus of professionals of several industries and policymakers alike. Our world is in a transitional phase as we are more and more connected globally with each other. People are able to connect with people and smart devices, and vica versa. We also experience a change in mapping consumer behavior as behavioral economics gain significance and also there is a change in how we handle and analyze enormous amounts of data in the world of Big Data (Zuti 2018a, Hollingworth–Barker 2017, Kovács 2017a, Kovács 2017b, Yoon 2017, Magruk 2016, Manyika et al. 2016, Özköse et al. 2015, Brynjolfsson–McAfee 2012). As our social and economic environments undergo a transitional phase, the mindset related to the structure of society and economy needs to adapt as well to the new conditions (Zuti 2018a, Schwab 2017, Leonhard 2016).","PeriodicalId":82888,"journal":{"name":"Technology (Elmsford, N.Y.)","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91286445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A mixed-integer optimization approach for homogeneous magnet design 均匀磁体设计的混合整数优化方法

Technology (Elmsford, N.Y.) Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1142/S2339547818500036

Iman Dayarian, T. Chan, D. Jaffray, T. Stanescu

引用次数: 1

An Instrumental Variable Forest Approach for Detecting Heterogeneous Treatment Effects in Observational Studies 观察性研究中检测异质处理效果的工具变量森林方法

Technology (Elmsford, N.Y.) Pub Date : 2018-05-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3045327

Guihua Wang, Jun Yu Li, W. Hopp

{"title":"An Instrumental Variable Forest Approach for Detecting Heterogeneous Treatment Effects in Observational Studies","authors":"Guihua Wang, Jun Yu Li, W. Hopp","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3045327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3045327","url":null,"abstract":"This study addresses the ubiquitous challenge of using big observational data to identify heterogeneous treatment effects. This problem arises in precision medicine, targeted marketing, personalized education, and many other environments. Identifying heterogeneous treatment effects presents several analytical challenges including high dimensionality and endogeneity issues. We develop a new instrumental variable tree (IVT) approach that incorporates the instrumental variable method into a causal tree (CT) to correct for potential endogeneity biases that may exist in observational data. Our IVT approach partitions subjects into subgroups with similar treatment effects within subgroups and different treatment effects across subgroups. The estimated treatment effects are asymptotically consistent under a set of mild assumptions. Using simulated data, we show our approach has a better coverage rate and smaller mean-squared error than the conventional CT approach. We also demonstrate that an instrumental variable forest (IVF) constructed using IVTs has better accuracy and stratification than a generalized random forest. Finally, by applying the IVF approach to an empirical assessment of laparoscopic colectomy, we demonstrate the importance of accounting for endogeneity to make accurate comparisons of the heterogeneous effects of the treatment (teaching hospitals) and control (nonteaching hospitals) on different types of patients. This paper was accepted by J. George Shanthikumar, big data analytics.","PeriodicalId":82888,"journal":{"name":"Technology (Elmsford, N.Y.)","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77672812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Manufacturers' Competition and Cooperation in Sustainability: Stable Recycling Alliances 制造商在可持续发展中的竞争与合作:稳定的回收联盟

Technology (Elmsford, N.Y.) Pub Date : 2018-04-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2459656

Fang Tian, Greys Sošić, L. Debo

{"title":"Manufacturers' Competition and Cooperation in Sustainability: Stable Recycling Alliances","authors":"Fang Tian, Greys Sošić, L. Debo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2459656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2459656","url":null,"abstract":"Rather than organizing disposal of consumer-generated waste themselves, many states and countries have passed legislation that makes producers responsible for the proper disposal (i.e., recycling) of the products that they bring to the market. We study the stability of producers’ strategies emerging under such legislation. In our paper, the producers compete with multiple differentiated products in consumer markets but may consider cooperating when recycling those products to benefit from economies of scale. Products made by different producers or sold in different markets might still be considered for joint recycling. Our main questions are when and whether firm-based recycling strategies (i.e., separately recycling products falling under same brand) or market-based recycling strategies (i.e., separately recycling products falling in the same product category) emerge as stable outcomes. To that end, we analyze a series of simple producer-market configurations. We first look at an asymmetric market model with two producers making three products in two markets, and then, we look at a symmetric market model with two producers competing with four products in two markets. Our results show that, with intense market competition and differentiated market sizes, producers may recycle their products on their own without cooperating with others. In some instances, they can add a product from their competitor to their recycling mix. Because these outcomes are never socially optimal, they may reduce social welfare and require government intervention. Otherwise, with less intense competition or more equitable market shares, all-inclusive (market-based) recycling is the most common stable outcome with high (low) scale economies, and the firms’ independent choices might lead to social optima.This paper was accepted by Serguei Netessine, operations management.","PeriodicalId":82888,"journal":{"name":"Technology (Elmsford, N.Y.)","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80673865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 64