Studies in ancient medicine最新文献

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Teaching the Hippocratic gynaecological recipes? 教授希波克拉底妇科处方?
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.85
L. Totelin
{"title":"Teaching the Hippocratic gynaecological recipes?","authors":"L. Totelin","doi":"10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.85","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates whether the recipes preserved in the main gynaecological treatises--Diseases of Women 1 and 2, Barrenness and Nature of Women--may have been used as a teaching device. I ask two questions: first whether the recipes could have been included in oral lectures before being written down; and second whether the written recipes could have served as a basis for teaching.","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":"287-300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64590027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
'Choose your master well'. Medical training, testimonies and claims to authority. “好好选择你的主人。”医疗培训、证词和对权威的要求。
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.49
Natacha Massar
{"title":"'Choose your master well'. Medical training, testimonies and claims to authority.","authors":"Natacha Massar","doi":"10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.49","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the ways in which a doctor could use his master's name to enhance his authority and back his claims to being a qualified physician. This is looked at mainly in two contexts: when applying for the position of public physician, and in medical treatises. I argue that the influence of teachers was widely recognised in Greek society. This meant that using the name of one's master to defend one's skills was accepted by both colleagues and laymen and could therefore be used in very different contexts. Sometimes this argument had to be confirmed by witnesses, in which case fellow-pupils or patients treated during a pupil's apprenticeship could come in useful.","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":"169-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64590140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
The didactic letters prefacing Marcellus' on drugs as evidence for the expertise and reputation of doctors in the late Roman empire. 马塞勒斯关于药物的序言中的说教信件是罗马帝国晚期医生的专业知识和声誉的证据。
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01
Louise Cilliers
{"title":"The didactic letters prefacing Marcellus' on drugs as evidence for the expertise and reputation of doctors in the late Roman empire.","authors":"Louise Cilliers","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The didactic letters prefacing Marcellus's On Drugs are examined. It appears that one reason for writing such didactic letters was to equip the addressee with sufficient knowledge to enable him to avoid consulting a doctor, since there was great dissatisfaction with the quality of service rendered and the fees charged by doctors. The letters in the collection will be shown to represent various levels of healers, from the professional city doctor, to the army doctor, to the educated layman. They will also be scrutinized for evidence of the level of expertise of doctors in the late fourth and fifth centuries. Finally, the evidence will be compared with the criteria set some two centuries earlier by Galen in his blueprint for the examination of physicians.</p>","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"35 ","pages":"401-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29873353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hippocrates as Galen's teacher. 希波克拉底是盖伦的老师。
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01
Jacques Jouanna
{"title":"Hippocrates as Galen's teacher.","authors":"Jacques Jouanna","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Starting from the frescoes of the cathedral of Anagni which present an obvious relationship between Hippocrates as Galen's teacher and the medieval image of man's place in the universe dominated by the number four, this paper returns to the origins of this quaternary theory in Hippocratic medicine with the four humors (Nature of Man), then follows its evolution in Galen and finally into late Greek and Byzantine medicine where the quaternary division will have an unprecedented extension, with the four temperaments. In particular, a new piece of evidence from this late period attributed to Hippocrates (the small treatise of Greek Medicine The Pulse and the Human Temperament) appears as the veritable source of the Latin Letter attributed to Vindicianus. Therefore, contrary to what was believed until now, the doctrine of the four temperaments was not elaborated first in a Latin form. Throughout its history, the quaternary theory will remain connected to Hippocrates, but the image and teaching of the Father of Medicine will change as the theory evolves. A second rediscovered treatise of the late period (The Formation of Man) starts with this phrase: 'Words of Hippocrates to Galen his own pupil'. This seems a felicitous commentary to the medical scene in the cathedral of Anagni.</p>","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"35 ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30175815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Medical education in late antiquity from Alexandria to Montpellier. 古代晚期从亚历山大到蒙彼利埃的医学教育。
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.122
P. Pormann
{"title":"Medical education in late antiquity from Alexandria to Montpellier.","authors":"P. Pormann","doi":"10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.122","url":null,"abstract":"The training of medical students reflects current medical trends and has grave repercussions on the future development of the medical art. This is as true today as it was in Antiquity. There was, however, one period and place at the crossroads of civilisations and cultures in which the educational trends were to have a particularly important influence on how medicine evolved. This was Alexandria in Late Antiquity. In a climate where medicine and philosophy were heavily intertwined, teachers used formal philosophical concepts in order to organise medical knowledge. Their educational techniques provided the tools with which Islamic authors during the medieval period such as Avicenna (Ibn Sinā, d. 1037) arranged their great medical encyclopaedias. These works in Latin translation later became the core curriculum in the nascent universities of Europe.","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":"419-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64589256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
‘Because My Son Does Not Read Latin’. Rhetoric, Competition And Education In Middle Dutch Surgical Handbooks “因为我儿子不懂拉丁文”。中古荷兰外科手册中的修辞、竞争与教育
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.131
K. V. '. Land
{"title":"‘Because My Son Does Not Read Latin’. Rhetoric, Competition And Education In Middle Dutch Surgical Handbooks","authors":"K. V. '. Land","doi":"10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.131","url":null,"abstract":"Two late medieval handbooks of surgery, written in Middle Dutch, are used here as sources for answering the question: which value did book-learning and formal education offer to non-academic late medieval surgeons? The authors, the Flemish surgeons Jan Yperman (ca. 1330) and Thomaes Scellinck van Thienen (fl. 1343), probably both lacked a university education, and wrote in the vernacular. In their works, they employed the fiercest rhetoric possible against the empirics or lay surgeons. Their knowledge of surgery was much less than that of Yperman or Scellinck, and accordingly, the variety in their remedies was very poor. Therefore, the lay surgeons' results were bad, and it was shameful and a disgrace that they could actually practice the way they did. These and similar accounts of lay surgery, coming from the learned tradition of surgery, have often been believed at face value. However, close-reading of the surgical texts provides a much more nuanced image of lay surgeons as confident practitioners, sharing the medical discourse of their more learned colleagues. Lack of knowledge may even have benefitted surgical practice, as the predictable remedies of empirics presumably appeared far less threatening than the varied and sometimes invasive techniques of learned surgeons. Furthermore, lay surgeons were not hampered by academic scrupules in claiming the most fantastic cures, which may have benefitted their bussiness on the competitive medical market of the late Middle Ages.","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":"443-459"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64589309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The importance of having medical knowledge as a layman. The Hippocratic treatise affections in the context of the Hippocratic corpus. 作为一个门外汉拥有医学知识的重要性。希波克拉底文集中的情感。
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.30
Pilar Pérez Cañizares
{"title":"The importance of having medical knowledge as a layman. The Hippocratic treatise affections in the context of the Hippocratic corpus.","authors":"Pilar Pérez Cañizares","doi":"10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.30","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to explore various aspects regarding the Hippocratic treatise Affections, mainly its relationships to other Hippocratic treatises concerning genre and the ideology of the author, with the aim of placing this work within its scientific and sociocultural context.","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"93 1","pages":"87-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64589645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The teaching of surgery. 外科教学。
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.65
E. Craik
{"title":"The teaching of surgery.","authors":"E. Craik","doi":"10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.65","url":null,"abstract":"In the first part of the paper, the widespread and enduring tradition that Asclepius was taught medicine by Chiron, with whom he had a quasi-filial relationship, is examined. In the second part, on the basis of language used by the Hippocratic writers, especially in the deontological and surgical works, some deductions are made about methods of and attitudes to teaching and learning. The nature of Hippocratic surgery is discussed and two types of surgical treatise are distinguished. Finally, these questions are addressed: who wrote and for whom; why, when and where?","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":"223-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64590208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Galen, satire and the compulsion to instruct. 盖伦,讽刺和强迫教导。
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.93
R. Rosen
{"title":"Galen, satire and the compulsion to instruct.","authors":"R. Rosen","doi":"10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.93","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores Galen's attitude toward instruction and teaching, and in particular the ways in which he conceptualized and articulated the didactic function of his writings. Galen's own rhetoric about why he wrote was often strident - his disparagement of contemporaries is famous, and his fondness for polemic is often regarded as a function of an eristic and arrogant personality. I suggest, however, that Galen's self-avowed role as a kind of public censor may derive as much from an amalgamation of rhetorical postures found in various literary and philosophical genres as it does from an inherently intemperate character. By examining various passages in Galen's protreptic and psychological works, I argue that his frequent stances of vituperative indignation and self-righteousness often resemble those found in satirical writings, from Cynic diatribe through Greek and Roman satirical poetry. Galen no doubt felt himself to be working in a serious tradition of Platonic and Stoic moralizing, but his particular form of didacticism was informed by various strategies assimilated from Greco-Roman serio-comic traditions.","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":"325-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64590852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Research program and teaching led by the master in Hippocrates' Epidemics 2, 4 and 6. 由希波克拉底流行病2、4和6的大师领导的研究项目和教学。
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01
Robert Alessi
{"title":"Research program and teaching led by the master in Hippocrates' Epidemics 2, 4 and 6.","authors":"Robert Alessi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper addresses the extent to which one may identify in the author of Epidemics 2, 4 and 6 the personality of a master who shared - and probably led--with several colleagues a research program focused on a few topics which were both used for teaching purposes. The first lines of Epidemics 2.3.1 (the so-called katastasis of Perinthus), are the starting-point of the analysis, where information is given about the arrival in Perinthus of a community of doctors, probably composed by masters and disciples. Further commenting on this difficult passage (where a new establishment ot the text is proposed) in connection with others shows the author either expressing his disagreement with colleagues, or making recommendations to pupils, by words which denote a particularly strong and distinguished personality whose purpose is not to give to the reader a complete description of diseases and symptoms for his observations were in fact determined by precise research considerations. Medical research is in fact, in this group of doctors and pupils arriving in Perinthus where the personality of the author prevails, closely related to the needs of teaching.</p>","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"35 ","pages":"119-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30175821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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