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Textual therapy on the relationship between medicine and grammar in Galen. 盖伦书中医学与语法关系的文本疗法。
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.11
I. Sluiter
{"title":"Textual therapy on the relationship between medicine and grammar in Galen.","authors":"I. Sluiter","doi":"10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.11","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we will explore some ancient ideas about the relationship of grammar and medicine. There are two grounds for expecting that the great doctor-philologist Galen would talk of (deficient) texts in terms of patients to be healed. One is the ancient grammatical tradition classifying medicine and grammar as sister disciplines. The other is the extensive tradition of using biological and medical metaphors for language and texts. However, it will turn out that medical overtones are significantly absent from Galen's rhetoric about philology and from his own linguistic metalanguage. Instead of comparing the remedying and corrective activities of the doctor and the textual critic, he connects medicine (and to some extent texts) with weaving and architecture. In fact, this corresponds to his own, alternative classification of the sciences. We seek an explanation for this state of affairs in Galen's general anxiety to be taken for a philologist or grammarian rather than a serious doctor. This may have led to a refusal to dignify grammar by applying medical terminology to it. However, the aversion he claims for the grammarian can be shown to be mostly a rhetorical posturing, since Galen does talk about medical and grammatical practice in similar and revealing terms: curing a patient and fixing a text require moral courage, and this sets these activities apart from morally irrelevant ones such as house-repair and clothes-mending.","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":"25-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64589103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Training showmanship rhetoric in Greek medical education of the fifth and fourth centuries BC. 西元前五至四世纪希腊医学教育中的修辞学训练。
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.22
P. Agarwalla
{"title":"Training showmanship rhetoric in Greek medical education of the fifth and fourth centuries BC.","authors":"P. Agarwalla","doi":"10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.22","url":null,"abstract":"In the fifth and fourth centuries BC, ancient Greek medical practitioners began to use persuasive rhetoric in their practice of medicine. This paper will explore two areas related to rhetoric and medical instruction in ancient Greece--first, the nature of rhetorical instruction given to--or at least expected of--aspiring physicians and second, the effect of rhetoric on the public authority of the physician, as illuminated by the contrasting image of the physician in the Platonic corpus. The first section will examine the Hippocratic Corpus for basic elements of rhetoric with a view to the question: Did the increasing recognition of these techniques by the public actually harm the doctor's public image by creating 'the rhetoric of anti-rhetoric?' The second section focusing on Plato will serve as a contrast to the Hippocratic physician, since Plato purposefully avoids criticizing the medical use of rhetoric while strongly criticizing other uses of rhetoric.","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":"73-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64589532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The curriculum of studies in the Roman empire and the cultural role of physicians'. 罗马帝国的研究课程和医生的文化角色。
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1163/ej.9789004172487.i-566.63
G. Marasco
{"title":"The curriculum of studies in the Roman empire and the cultural role of physicians'.","authors":"G. Marasco","doi":"10.1163/ej.9789004172487.i-566.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004172487.i-566.63","url":null,"abstract":"Several testimonies from both pagan and Christian sources, though generally neglected, allow us to reconstruct the medical curriculum in the Greek part of the Roman Empire, in particular Alexandria. This curriculum turns out to be remarkably comprehensive, as can be explained by the particular roles of physicians in classical society. In this paper we will clarify the part played by several physicians in the cultural context of their time, even outside their professional domain, as well as the relations between the sciences and the humanities, which were entirely complementary in those days, even from a practical point of view.","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":"205-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64590148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Hippocrates and medical education. Proceedings of the XIIth International Hippocrates Colloquium. August 24-26, 2005. Leiden, The Netherlands. 希波克拉底和医学教育。第十二届国际希波克拉底学术讨论会论文集。2005年8月24-26日。莱顿，荷兰。
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01
{"title":"Hippocrates and medical education. Proceedings of the XIIth International Hippocrates Colloquium. August 24-26, 2005. Leiden, The Netherlands.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"35 ","pages":"IX-XXII, 1-564"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29855732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Medical education in late antiquity from Alexandria to Montpellier. 古代晚期从亚历山大到蒙彼利埃的医学教育。
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01
Peter E Pormann
{"title":"Medical education in late antiquity from Alexandria to Montpellier.","authors":"Peter E Pormann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The training of medical students reflects current medical trends and has grave repercussions on the future development of the medical art. This is as true today as it was in Antiquity. There was, however, one period and place at the crossroads of civilisations and cultures in which the educational trends were to have a particularly important influence on how medicine evolved. This was Alexandria in Late Antiquity. In a climate where medicine and philosophy were heavily intertwined, teachers used formal philosophical concepts in order to organise medical knowledge. Their educational techniques provided the tools with which Islamic authors during the medieval period such as Avicenna (Ibn Sinā, d. 1037) arranged their great medical encyclopaedias. These works in Latin translation later became the core curriculum in the nascent universities of Europe.</p>","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"35 ","pages":"419-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29873354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The didactic letters prefacing Marcellus' on drugs as evidence for the expertise and reputation of doctors in the late Roman empire. 马塞勒斯关于药物的序言中的说教信件是罗马帝国晚期医生的专业知识和声誉的证据。
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.110
L. Cilliers
{"title":"The didactic letters prefacing Marcellus' on drugs as evidence for the expertise and reputation of doctors in the late Roman empire.","authors":"L. Cilliers","doi":"10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.110","url":null,"abstract":"The didactic letters prefacing Marcellus's On Drugs are examined. It appears that one reason for writing such didactic letters was to equip the addressee with sufficient knowledge to enable him to avoid consulting a doctor, since there was great dissatisfaction with the quality of service rendered and the fees charged by doctors. The letters in the collection will be shown to represent various levels of healers, from the professional city doctor, to the army doctor, to the educated layman. They will also be scrutinized for evidence of the level of expertise of doctors in the late fourth and fifth centuries. Finally, the evidence will be compared with the criteria set some two centuries earlier by Galen in his blueprint for the examination of physicians.","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":"401-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64589206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analogical method, experiment and didacticism in the Hippocratic treatises Generation/Nature of the Child/Diseases 4. 希波克拉底论著《一代/儿童的本质/疾病》中的类比方法、实验和教学
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.87
D. Fausti
{"title":"Analogical method, experiment and didacticism in the Hippocratic treatises Generation/Nature of the Child/Diseases 4.","authors":"D. Fausti","doi":"10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/EJ.9789004172487.I-566.87","url":null,"abstract":"This essay suggests three different levels at which the text may be analysed. In it, the notion of analogy is used in a strictly technical sense, to refer to the means of parallelism between a known phenomenon and another that must be explained, with the consequent possibility of inferring the latter from the former. The first level of analysis consists in the examination of some important comparisons, which the author treats as verification of the applicability of the analogical method. The second level rests in considering the great attention that is paid to empirical observation from a medical point of view, which produces attempts at experimental research. Finally, there is a didactic aim, since the author presents his observations for those who wish to know the subject and accept the evidence, availing himself of a sound organizational structure (continually referring to what he has already said or what he will later explain) and numerous rhetorical devices.","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"35 1","pages":"301-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64590505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The physician as teacher. Epistemic function, cognitive function and the incommensurability of errors. 医生当老师。认识功能、认知功能与错误的不可通约性。
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01
Roberto Lo Presti
{"title":"The physician as teacher. Epistemic function, cognitive function and the incommensurability of errors.","authors":"Roberto Lo Presti","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In many Hippocratic writings, the writers' attention is often focused on registering and discussing medical errors. Far from being sporadic and fortuitous, these discussions represent a privileged rhetorical resource in order to produce different effects. The aims of my paper will be: 1) to determine some of the most important contexts in which errors become the object of medical discourse; 2) to distinguish, per exempla, the typologies of errors made object of discourse; 3) to give an epistemological outline which may clarify which functions these discourses have and whether these functions respond coherently to a conscious plan of medical knowledge.</p>","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"35 ","pages":"137-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30175822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The curriculum of studies in the Roman empire and the cultural role of physicians'. 罗马帝国的研究课程和医生的文化角色。
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01
Gabriele Marasco
{"title":"The curriculum of studies in the Roman empire and the cultural role of physicians'.","authors":"Gabriele Marasco","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several testimonies from both pagan and Christian sources, though generally neglected, allow us to reconstruct the medical curriculum in the Greek part of the Roman Empire, in particular Alexandria. This curriculum turns out to be remarkably comprehensive, as can be explained by the particular roles of physicians in classical society. In this paper we will clarify the part played by several physicians in the cultural context of their time, even outside their professional domain, as well as the relations between the sciences and the humanities, which were entirely complementary in those days, even from a practical point of view.</p>","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"35 ","pages":"205-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30177909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Teaching the Hippocratic gynaecological recipes? 教授希波克拉底妇科处方?
Studies in ancient medicine Pub Date : 2010-01-01
Laurence M V Totelin
{"title":"Teaching the Hippocratic gynaecological recipes?","authors":"Laurence M V Totelin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper investigates whether the recipes preserved in the main gynaecological treatises--Diseases of Women 1 and 2, Barrenness and Nature of Women--may have been used as a teaching device. I ask two questions: first whether the recipes could have been included in oral lectures before being written down; and second whether the written recipes could have served as a basis for teaching.</p>","PeriodicalId":82835,"journal":{"name":"Studies in ancient medicine","volume":"35 ","pages":"287-300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30177913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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