Aquatic Botany最新文献

{"title":"Subspecies-specific climatic niches and invasion dynamics of Hydrilla verticillata in the United States under current and future climates","authors":"Pranesh Paul ,&nbsp;Abhishek Mukherjee ,&nbsp;Achyut Kumar Banerjee ,&nbsp;Dean A. Williams ,&nbsp;Matthew F. Purcell ,&nbsp;Nathan E. Harms","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2026.104008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2026.104008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Hydrilla verticillata</em> is a major invasive macrophyte in freshwater ecosystems in the United States (USA). Although climatic and genetic variations influence invasion dynamics, their role in the current or potential distribution of <em>H. verticillata</em> subspecies in the USA is poorly understood. Further, modelling habitat suitability below species level is infrequent due to insufficient spatially explicit genetic information. Using ecological niche overlap analyses and species distribution modelling (SDM), we assessed climatic niche, habitat suitability, and invasion stages of <em>H. verticillata</em> and its introduced subspecies (subsp. <em>peregrina</em>, subsp. <em>verticillata</em> and subsp. <em>lithuanica</em>) in the USA. Niche overlap analyses revealed substantial climatic niche expansion of subspecies between native and invasive ranges, with low Schoener’s <em>D</em> values indicating minimal niche overlap. Under current conditions, SDM indicated high <em>H. verticillata</em> habitat suitability in the southern and northeastern USA, with subsp. <em>peregrina</em> concentrated in the upper south and northeastern areas, subsp. <em>verticillata</em> in southern regions, and subsp. <em>lithuanica</em> showing minimal suitable habitat. Future projections (ssp245 and ssp585, mid- and late 21st century) indicated strong southward and northward expansions of subsp. <em>peregrina</em> and subsp. <em>verticillata</em>, with subsp. <em>lithuanica</em> gaining suitability in the northeast region. Invasion stage analysis revealed large colonizing populations for <em>H. verticillata</em> overall, stabilizing populations for subsp. <em>peregrina</em> and subsp. <em>verticillata</em>, and locally-adapted populations for subsp. <em>lithuanica</em>. Collectively, integrating subspecies into SDM advanced understanding of <em>H. verticillata</em> invasion dynamics by moving beyond the species level, demonstrating the importance of accounting for intraspecific variation when predicting invasion risks and emphasising the need for subspecies-level management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104008"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Competition does not differ between mono and polycultures of two Persicaria species under varying nutrient levels","authors":"Endrel de Azevedo Godoi ,&nbsp;Márcio José Silveira ,&nbsp;Danielle Katharine Petsch ,&nbsp;Sidinei Magela Thomaz","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2026.104011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2026.104011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural environments are subject to nutrient fluctuations that can influence interspecific interactions and shape species distribution. Emergent macrophytes of the genus <em>Persicaria</em> co-occur in shallow habitats in Neotropical freshwater ecosystems, and their distribution may be influenced by both nutrient availability and competition. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that <em>Persicaria ferruginea</em> (Wedd.) Soják exhibits higher growth than <em>Persicaria acuminata</em> (Kunth) M. Gómez, resulting in stronger interspecific versus intraspecific competition. We predicted that nutrient availability would not alter these patterns. We conducted an experiment in which stem fragments of each species were planted in monocultures and polycultures, and exposed to low and high nutrient concentrations in the sediment. After 60 days, we measured growth parameters such as shoot length, total biomass, relative growth rate (RGR), and root-to-shoot biomass ratio. Additionally, we calculated relative competition indices (RCI). Our results showed that shoot length varied between species and was significantly influenced by nutrient levels, while total biomass was affected solely by nutrients. RGR was influenced by the interaction of species and nutrient levels, with <em>P. acuminata</em> exhibiting greater growth than <em>P. ferruginea</em> under high nutrient conditions. The RCI values were near zero, indicating that the growth of both species did not differ between intra and interspecific competition, and it was not affected by nutrient addition. We conclude that neither differences in morphological traits (shoot length and biomass growth) between the species nor nutrient amendments changed the competitive relationship between both species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104011"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of crustose coralline algae to carbonate budget in coral formations of Tayrona National Natural Park, Colombian Caribbean","authors":"Valentina Piñeros Pérez ,&nbsp;Natalia Rincón-Díaz ,&nbsp;Ines D. Lange ,&nbsp;Rocío García-Urueña","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2026.104010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2026.104010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Crustose coralline algae (CCA) are critical for coral reef ecosystems, providing substrate for larval settlement and contributing significantly to reef cementation through the precipitation of high-magnesium calcite. As CCA calcification is sensitive to changes in seawater chemistry, understanding its response to varying environmental conditions is crucial. This study evaluated the contribution of CCA to the CaCO₃ budget in coral formations at two sites in the Colombian Caribbean: Gairaca, within Tayrona National Natural Park, and Inca Inca, in Santa Marta, considering the effects of physicochemical variables (temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate) on CCA calcification rates. Monthly CCA settled on Calcification Accretion Units, and ceramic tiles were measured over a year, in four seasons: Upwelling, two periods of transition after upwelling (post-upwelling 1 and post-upwelling 2) and non-upwelling. Tiles were collected quarterly and annually for analysis. The highest monthly calcification rate was during the upwelling season at Inca Inca and slightly in Gairaca. Low O₂ concentration was related to high CCA calcification rate (R²=-0.714, p = 0.0465), while CCA and sediment variation contributed to community composition dissimilarity between seasons and sites (12.2 % and 10.8 % respectively, P &lt; 0.001). After one year, the calcification rate at Gairaca (16.7 mg∙CaCO₃∙cm⁻²∙year⁻¹) was higher than Inca Inca (7.52 mg∙CaCO₃∙cm⁻²∙year⁻¹). Ultimately, local environmental conditions in each bay, together with sedimentation and the community assemblage, modulate the contribution of CCA to the carbonate budget in terms of CCA cover and calcification rate in coral reef formations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104010"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macrophyte-associated methane oxidation as a key process diminishing methane emissions from agricultural drainage ditches","authors":"Quinten Struik ,&nbsp;Romee E. Groenbos ,&nbsp;José R. Paranaíba,&nbsp;Martijn M. Bakker,&nbsp;Berber M.J.W. Meulepas,&nbsp;Leon P.M. Lamers,&nbsp;Annelies J. Veraart,&nbsp;Sarian Kosten","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2026.104007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2026.104007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Methane (CH₄), a potent greenhouse gas, plays an important role in climate change, with natural and human-made aquatic ecosystems contributing about half of global annual emissions. Drainage ditches are known hotspots for CH₄ production and emission. These human-made shallow inland waters are heavily managed through dredging and mowing of submerged vegetation. Submerged vegetation impacts CH₄ production, oxidation, and transportation, thereby potentially strongly impacting CH₄ emissions. We investigated how three submerged macrophyte species (<em>Elodea nuttallii</em> (Planch.) H. St. John, <em>Stuckenia pectinata</em> (L.) Börner, and <em>Ceratophyllum demersum</em> L.) affect CH₄ dynamics in agricultural ditches. At three moments during the growing season, we quantified CH₄ oxidation and production potentials in roots and shoots using incubations. In addition, we measured diffusive and ebullitive emissions from two vegetated ditches. The macrophyte-associated CH₄ oxidation potential ranged from 0.33 to 15.1 and 0.003–16.3 μmol CH₄ gWetWeight⁻¹h⁻¹ for roots and shoots respectively. At the beginning of the growing season, when macrophyte biomass was highest, we estimated that up to 97 % of the CH₄ that was produced in the ditch was oxidized through macrophyte-associated CH₄ oxidation, while at the end of the growing season only 6–52 % was oxidized. This drop could be explained by lower per-biomass potential oxidation rates, as a result of seasonal changes in e.g. temperature and daylight, as well as a decrease in macrophyte biomass due to dredging. The importance of submerged macrophytes for the natural ‘CH₄ filter’ was further highlighted by the overall effect of dredging: While dredging reduced total CH₄ production, the removal of macrophyte biomass and the associated CH₄ oxidation resulted in higher CH₄ emissions. We argue that to foster the macrophyte-associated CH₄ mitigating effect, the timing of dredging and mowing of ditches is pivotal. Avoiding macrophyte removal until the end of the growing season prolongs the duration of macrophyte-associated CH₄ oxidation, while late-season removal limits subsequent anaerobic decomposition that would otherwise fuel CH₄ production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104007"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seagrass resistance and gleaning methods efficiency: Short-term impacts","authors":"Wagner Lucena de Andrade Souza ,&nbsp;Thomaz Henrique Arruda Lima ,&nbsp;Karine Matos Magalhães","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2026.104009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2026.104009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gleaning is a traditional activity involving the manual collection of invertebrates such as mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms. Predominantly practiced by women in tropical regions, it plays a crucial role in coastal food security and is often conducted in seagrass meadows. Despite this, the effects of different gleaning methods on seagrass structural parameters and short-term recovery remain poorly quantified, which may have implications for the sustainability and efficiency of the activity. This study evaluated the impact of gleaning methods on disturbance in <em>Halodule emarginata</em> meadow and their influence on catch per unit effort (CPUE). A field experiment was conducted in Northeastern Brazil during the dry season using fifteen 2 × 2 m quadrats to test four methods (hand, rake, shovel, spoon) in triplicate, plus controls. Gleaning was standardized to 15 min per quadrat, targeting mollusks. Seagrass parameters (shoot density, shoot length, above and belowground biomass) were measured before disturbance (T0), 15 days after (T15), and 30 days after (T30). Quadrats were subdivided to avoid cumulative sampling. Results showed that CPUE varied significantly among methods, with spoons being the most efficient, while no significant changes in seagrass parameters were detected, indicating short-term resistance. These findings suggest that while gleaning efficiency depends on gleaning methods, <em>H. emarginata</em> demonstrates resistance to localized, short-term disturbances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 104009"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wetland plant aerenchyma volume quantified using micro-computed tomography: Tropical seagrasses as a case study","authors":"Carly Dempsey ,&nbsp;Jamie L. Knaub ,&nbsp;Marguerite S. Koch","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2026.103995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2026.103995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extensive development of a lacunal system of aerenchyma (air space tissue) is important in wetland plants, particularly seagrasses that colonize highly organic tropical marine environments. However, the lacunal architecture in seagrasses is not well studied. Here, we utilize micro-computed tomography (µCT) imaging to quantify the volume of aerenchyma across tissue types (leaf, rhizome, and root) in three dominant tropical seagrass species (<em>Thalassia testudinum, Syringodium filiforme,</em> and <em>Halodule wrightii</em>) growing in highly anaerobic sediment in Florida Bay. The advantage of applying µCT imagery is that internal aerenchyma 3D structure can be examined at a high resolution (&lt;9 µm) without tissue fixation or manual cross-sectioning required in more traditional techniques. We performed µCT scans of each species and tissue type, and quantified percent aerenchyma as tissue volume. We found that all species examined had an aerenchyma volume 38–45% of the tissue, indicating a large volume of air space. We also found significant differences in aerenchyma volume between tissue types and species, significant interactions, and identified constricted regions. This study demonstrates that µCT imaging is a viable approach to investigate lacunal architecture with implications for gas transport critical for wetland plants exposed to hypoxia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 103995"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146098726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel frond-based genetic transformation method in Spirodela polyrhiza: Reliability reconfirmed through functional analysis of SpNramps co-overexpression under cadmium stress","authors":"Yan Chen ,&nbsp;Jia Xi ,&nbsp;Zuoliang Sun ,&nbsp;Jingjing Yang ,&nbsp;Gaojie Li ,&nbsp;Xuyao Zhao ,&nbsp;Liyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongwen Hu ,&nbsp;Chunnan Ye ,&nbsp;Hongwei Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2026.103993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2026.103993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Spirodela polyrhiza</em> has great advantages for energy production, sewage treatment, toxicity experiments, and biomonitoring. However, low transformation efficiency and long-cycle transformation time remain an urgent problem. In this research, we established an optimized frond-mediated genetic transformation protocol achieving 37.35 % efficiency within 51 days—a 3.2-fold improvement over existing methods (11.48 %, 164 days). Frond-based transformation data indicated that vacuum treatment could be applied to increase the frond transformation efficiency in <em>S. polyrhiza</em>. To validate this system's reliability, we employed it to investigate the cooperative functions of three natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (Nramp) transporters (<em>SpNramps</em>) in <em>S. polyrhiza</em> under cadmium (Cd) stress. Heterologous co-expression of <em>SpNramps</em> in yeast resulted in reduced Cd accumulation and heightened Cd sensitivity. However, <em>SpNramps</em> overexpression increased the tolerance to Cd by promoting its growth and enhancing Mn absorption at 150 μM Cd. Collectively, this study presented the first report on the frond-based transformation system in <em>S. polyrhiza</em>, which enables rapid functional validation of multi-gene regulatory networks in aquatic plants, laying the foundation for further functional studies. Our study also offered a new solution to increase Cd tolerance in plants and gained new insights into both basic and applied research by using the co-overexpression strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 103993"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity and adaptive genetic divergence of endangered aquatic plant Brasenia schreberi in China revealed by RAD-seq","authors":"Zhihao Qian ,&nbsp;Jinming Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2026.103992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2026.103992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Brasenia schreberi</em> is a critically endangered aquatic plant species found sparsely distributed in freshwater ponds and lakes across China. Here, we used RAD-seq to assess the genetic diversity, population structure, and local adaptation of 20 wild populations of this species. Our results revealed extremely low genetic diversity and strong genetic differentiation among populations, likely driven by predominant clonal reproduction and restricted gene flow due to habitat fragmentation. Population structure analyses revealed two major genetic groups. Redundancy analysis demonstrated that this genetic differentiation was caused by the divergent selection due to environmental difference. We further identified 170 candidate genes under selective pressure, which were enriched in functions related to regulation of chromatin organization and modification and abiotic stress response. Our findings have significant implications for the conservation management of <em>B. schreberi</em> and similar endangered aquatic plants, and provide valuable genetic resources for future conservation efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 103992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forested landscape promotes functional connectivity of California bulrush (Schoenoplectus californicus) in threatened freshwater wetlands","authors":"Efraín Noriega-Rico ,&nbsp;Tatiana Lobato-de Magalhães ,&nbsp;Yessica Rico","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wetlands are critical for maintaining landscape connectivity and biodiversity across scales, yet the spatial drivers of functional connectivity in aquatic plants, particularly in inland freshwater wetlands, remain poorly understood. This study examines the genetic diversity and landscape factors influencing functional connectivity in <em>Schoenoplectus californicus</em> across freshwater wetlands in the Mexican highlands. We genotyped 380 individuals of <em>S. californicus</em> at nine microsatellite loci from 12 freshwater wetlands in Central-Western Mexico (states of Michoacán, Guanajuato, Jalisco, and an external population in Tlaxcala), covering the most important wetlands where the species occurs in the region. We observed low observed heterozygosity (average <em>Ho</em> = 0.280 ± 0.019; average <em>uH</em>_<em>E</em> = 0.717 ± 0.009), high inbreeding levels (average <em>F</em>_<em>IS</em> = 0.57 ± 0.090), and evidence of genetic bottlenecks in small wetlands (&lt; 50 ha). Contemporary migration rates were asymmetric; Lake Cuitzeo acts as a genetic source for nearby wetlands (e.g., Yuriria, Pátzcuaro, Zirahuén). Multi-scale landscape analyses using population genetic graphs and landscape elements revealed that forest cover facilitates gene flow at broad scales (&gt; 2 km, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), while urban areas significantly reduce connectivity (&gt; 1.5 km, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). These results underscore the importance of assessing functional connectivity in wetland networks to guide conservation efforts, particularly by preserving forest corridors that maintain genetic resilience in increasingly human-dominated landscapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 103980"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145600384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased flooding depth and duration limit post-submergence recovery of Bolboschoenus planiculmis","authors":"Meiying Wang,&nbsp;Ming Jiang,&nbsp;Yuanchun Zou,&nbsp;Wenguang Zhang,&nbsp;Yu An,&nbsp;Bo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flooding regimes critically regulate the growth, distribution, and composition of wetland plants, with depth and duration being key determinants. <em>Bolboschoenus planiculmis</em>, a perennial sedge species, serves as the primary tuber food source for <em>Leucogeranus leucogeranus</em> in the Momoge National Nature Reserve (MNNR) in northeastern China. This study aimed to investigate the effects of flooding depth and duration on this species, as well as its recovery performance following flood recession. A controlled pot experiment simulated 20-, 40-, and 60-day submergence periods under water depths of 0, 10, 30, and 50 cm, followed by 20 days of de-submergence. The results showed that increased flooding depths (30–50 cm) had detrimental effects on the performance of <em>B. planiculmis</em>. As flooding duration increased, the suppression of biomass accumulation became progressively more severe at deeper water depths (30 and 50 cm) compared to shallower ones (0 and 10 cm). All response variables after recovery were significantly affected by flooding depth, duration, and their interactions. Post-recovery biomass showed no significant differences between the 0 and 10 cm treatments across all durations. However, deeper flooding (30–50 cm) combined with prolonged submergence (40–60 days) severely impaired growth recovery. These findings highlight the vulnerability of <em>B. planiculmis</em> to prolonged deep flooding and underscore the importance of maintaining shallow water depths (≤10 cm) during the sprouting period to preserve its population. Such hydrological management is critical for sustaining Siberian crane foraging habitats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 103982"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145747821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}