Aquatic Botany最新文献

{"title":"Effects of increasing temperature on NO, N2O and H2S production and dynamics within epiphytic seagrass leaf biofilms","authors":"Qingfeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Nora Kainz ,&nbsp;Gabriel Ferreira ,&nbsp;Michael Kühl ,&nbsp;Kasper Elgetti Brodersen","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Leaf epiphytes have potential to reduce seagrasses nighttime O₂ supply leading to microbial production of greenhouse gases and phytotoxins that may be harmful to the plant. However, it remains unknown how global warming affects anaerobic processes like denitrification and sulfate reduction in the seagrass phyllopshere during darkness. We used electrochemical microsensors to measure gradients of O₂, NO, N₂O and H₂S in the leaf microenvironment of heavily epiphyte-covered seagrass (<em>Zostera marina</em> L.) during darkness as a function of temperature at 14 and 24 °C. Increasing seawater temperature stimulated phytotoxic H₂S production and accumulation within anoxic seagrass phyllospheres in darkness, which can be harmful to the plant as H₂S readily diffuses through the thin cuticle of seagrass leaves. The seagrass phyllosphere also exhibited production of NO, which was diffusing into the plant as measured in the basal leaf meristem, as well as the potent greenhouse gas N₂O during darkness. Increased temperature and reduced O₂ availability in the water-column, e.g., during marine heatwaves in eutrofied waters, can thus induce hostile chemical conditions in the seagrass phyllosphere that potentially can be detrimental for the plant’s performance and ecological function. The phyllosphere dynamics of NO and N₂O displayed limited response to increasing seawater temperatures as compared to H₂S, but the N₂O production in epiphyte-covered seagrass leaves and subsequent emission to the surrounding seawater could have implications for the role of seagrass meadows in greenhouse gas mitigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 103923"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144588285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence of Halodule wrightii flower and seed production at its northern range extent in the western North Atlantic (USA)","authors":"Madison A. Lytle ,&nbsp;Michael E. Wheeler","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Halodule wrightii</em> is a tropical, euryhaline, dioecious seagrass found in marine waters of the western Atlantic Ocean, ranging from Brazil and the Gulf of Mexico to its northern limit in North Carolina. For seagrasses, sexual reproduction can serve as a resilience mechanism, with seed banks supporting re-establishment and recovery following a stress event. However, environmental stress may limit sexual reproduction due to high energetic costs. <em>H. wrightii</em> in North Carolina was previously thought to rely exclusively on asexual reproduction, with no confirmed reports of fully developed seeds and only a single historical account of flowering. Here, we report field observations of female and male flowers, fruits, and fully developed seeds in the sediment confirming that <em>H. wrightii</em> is capable of successful sexual reproduction at its northern range limit. These findings challenge prior assumptions and highlight the need for future research into the ecological and environmental factors influencing sexual reproduction (e.g. flower formation, timing of pollination, fruit development) and the role it plays in shaping genetic diversity in edge-of-range <em>H. wrigthii</em> populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 103921"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flowers from the sea: First record of seagrass flowers in the Arabian Gulf","authors":"Hung Manh Nguyen,&nbsp;Sajin Velakkandy,&nbsp;Aadil Yahiya Koothuparambil,&nbsp;Viliame Waqalevu,&nbsp;Elise Marquis","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Arabian Gulf is home to three tropical seagrass species, <em>Halodule uninervis</em>, <em>Halophila ovalis</em> and <em>H. stipulacea</em>, which together cover an area of ∼ 6 % of the world’s seagrass distribution. To date, seagrass flowers and fruits have never been documented in this region. In March 2025, we conducted a sampling survey in four locations along Abu Dhabi’s coastline and here report for the first time on the presence of both flowers and fruits for <em>H. ovalis</em> in two studied sites, <em>H. stipulacea</em> flowers in another site. No flowers nor fruits were found for <em>H. uninervis</em> from any of the four investigated populations. One <em>H. ovalis</em> population had more than 46 % of plants bearing flowers, while other populations exhibited very limited numbers of flowering individuals, demonstrating highly variable sexual reproductive effort among different seagrass species and populations in the region. Our findings fill a critical gap in knowledge in the regional seagrass biology and offer important implications in seagrass research and restoration activities across the Arabian Gulf.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 103922"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First discovery of an intersubgeneric hybrid Sparganium emersum × S. microcarpum (Typhaceae) based on morphological and molecular data","authors":"Eugeny A. Belyakov ,&nbsp;Alexander G. Lapirov ,&nbsp;Tian Lv ,&nbsp;Shiran Zhan ,&nbsp;Xinwei Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hybridization is widespread in the genus <em>Sparganium</em>, but previously confirmed cases were restricted to crosses between species within the two subgenera (subg. <em>Xanthosparganium</em> or subg. <em>Sparganium</em>). Intersubgeneric hybridization had long been dismissed by most authoritative researchers, as experimental attempts to cross these lineages consistently failed. Here we reported <em>Sparganium × papczenkovii</em> Belyakov et Lapirov, a newly discovered natural hybrid resulting from the spontaneous hybridization between species of two <em>Sparganium</em> subgenera: <em>S. emersum</em> (subg. <em>Xanthosparganium</em>) and <em>S. microcarpum</em> (subg. <em>Sparganium</em>). The hybrid status of the found population was confirmed through principal coordinates analysis of seven morphological traits including tepal morphometrics comparing the hybrid, its putative parental species (<em>S. emersum</em> and <em>S. microcarpum</em>), and one more possible candidate – <em>S. erectum</em>. Sequence analysis of chloroplast and nuclear DNA further supported the hybrid origin, revealing that all examined <em>S. × papczenkovii</em> samples were heterozygous with <em>S. emersum</em> as the maternal parent and <em>S. microcarpum</em> as the paternal parent. We also found that all samples of <em>S. × papczenkovii</em> were F1 generations. We propose that post-zygotic reproductive isolation specifically, F1 sterility may maintain species boundary between <em>S. emersum</em> and <em>S. microcarpum</em>. Despite potential sterility, F1 hybrids in <em>Sparganium</em> exhibit significant ecological and evolutionary relevance, as their vegetative reproduction often grants them higher competitiveness compared to parental species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 103919"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytohormone profiles in leaves and traps of three Genlisea (Lentibulariaceae) species","authors":"Lubomír Adamec ,&nbsp;Lenka Plačková ,&nbsp;Karel Doležal","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Genlisea</em> (Lentibulariaceae) is a tropical genus of rootless wetland carnivorous plants. The belowground leaf (rhizophyll) is a Y-shaped organ which functions as an ‘eel trap‘ for soil microorganisms. We compared phytohormonal profiles (cytokinins, auxins, ABA) in green photosynthetic leaves, upper trap segments (including the vesicle for prey digestion) and lower branched trap segments functioning as trap entrances, in three <em>Genlisea</em> species from a pot culture. Relatively low contents of total cytokinins (35–1017 nmol kg⁻¹; dry weight) and active cytokinins (7–213 nmol kg⁻¹) occurred in the species. Those in upper trap segments, which fulfill demanding physiological functions, usually exceeded several times those in branched trap segments or green leaves. Generally, auxin contents were enormously variable across the species. Auxin contents (both IAA and total contents) in both organ types in <em>G. hispidula and G. uncinata</em> exceeded those in the <em>G. lobata</em> × <em>flexuosa</em> hybrid by one–three orders of magnitude. The highest free IAA content was usually in green leaves followed by upper and branched trap segments. However, the ABA content, as a hormonal criterion for plant dormancy, was consistently very low in all organs and species, indicating no growth limitation by this inhibitory hormone. The comparison of these hormone profiles with those from the literature in the phylogenetically related sister genus <em>Utricularia</em> (six aquatic species) has indicated that the very low cytokinin contents in <em>Genlisea</em> organs could reflect their very low growth rate as compared to rapidly growing aquatic <em>Utricularia</em> species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 103920"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth, morphology, and nitrogen uptake adaptivity of Phragmites karka in response to nitrogen forms and oxygen availability","authors":"Manutsawan Manokieng,&nbsp;Arunothai Jampeetong","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The responses of <em>Phragmites karka</em> to different N-forms and O₂ supply were investigated. Fourteen-day old plants were selected and assigned randomly to six experimental treatments (n = 10), with three N-forms (NH₄⁺, NO₃^-, NH₄NO₃) at equilibrium concentration (500 µM N) and two O₂ conditions (normoxia and hypoxia). All plants were cultivated in greenhouse conditions for 77 days. Under normoxia, NH₄⁺-fed plants had significantly higher dry mass production and NH₄⁺ removal capacity than NO₃^--fed plants. In addition, the NH₄⁺- and NH₄NO₃-fed plants had significantly higher root dry mass and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) compared to the NO₃^--fed plants. This suggests NH₄⁺ preference under normoxia. Under hypoxia, the plants had reduced growth, biomass production, N removal capacity, and NUE. The plants also modulated root traits by reducing root dry mass, root length and root diameter. The plants had no significant difference in dry mass across N-forms under hypoxia. However, the NH₄⁺-fed plants increased their shoot:root ratios, while the NO₃^--fed plants retained their shoot:root ratios under hypoxia. Moreover, the NO₃^--fed plants had slighter changes in root size and biomass, NH₄⁺ removal capacity, and NUE, suggesting better stability under hypoxia compared to the NH₄⁺-fed plants. The different response patterns between N-form are probably due to the energy preservation of roots associated with N uptake and assimilation. It appears that, <em>P. karka</em> utilizes both NH₄⁺ and NO₃^-, but that it prefer NH₄⁺ when sufficient O₂ is available. In addition, this species can tolerate prolonged hypoxia and adaptation patterns appear to be N-form dependent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 103918"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144471579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the combined methods of live planting and seed dispersal in restoration of Zostera marina (eelgrass) in Barnegat Bay, New Jersey by genetic diversity and pedigree analysis of restored populations","authors":"Nicole Rodriguez Ortiz,&nbsp;Nathan Cruz,&nbsp;Tiffany V. Santos,&nbsp;Paul A.X. Bologna ,&nbsp;James J. Campanella","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Zostera marina</em> (eelgrass) is a near-shore marine plant species that provides essential ecosystem services both as food and refuge for a variety of sea life, as well as a physical anchor for the littoral sediment along temperate coastlines. Due to disease, anthropogenic reductive effects, and recent natural disasters, Barnegat Bay, NJ has seen a reduction in natural populations of the species over the last few decades. Newly restored beds of <em>Z. marina</em> were planted in 2021 and 2022 by a combined method of live transplants and seed dispersal. In 2023, we acquired tissue samples from restored populations with the following objectives: A) test how successful the combined restoration method was at producing thriving populations, B) determine genetic diversity and “genetic health” as partial indicators of restoration success, and C) determine kinship in order to help correlate ancestry and efficacious seagrass growth progression. We found each restored population evinced increased genetic diversity over donor populations, based upon improved observed heterozygosity (mean 0.584), low inbreeding fixation levels (mean -0.146), and higher effective population sizes (mean 2.988). Principal Coordinate Analysis indicated that restored plants are primarily related to live planted donors, with alleles from seed donors in evidence. Cluster Analysis supports that restored individuals have genetic components of all donors, but also suggests environmental selection and genetic bottlenecking have occurred. Statistical analysis confirms the presence of bottlenecks in all restored populations. Overall, results support initial success in restored seagrass meadows. As global declines in seagrass beds continue, with the accompanying loss in genetic diversity, restoration techniques that demonstrate success in ecosystem service recovery and increased genetic diversity will guide practitioners in preservation and restoration of these habitats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 103917"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144471577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of Halophila stipulacea (Forsskål) Ascherson,1867 in the Dominican Republic, an invasive species that continues to expand across the Caribbean","authors":"Yira Rodríguez-Jerez ,&nbsp;Rita Sellares-Blasco ,&nbsp;Maria F. Villalpando ,&nbsp;Estefany Vargas-Pérez ,&nbsp;Andreina Valdez-Trinidad ,&nbsp;Someira Zambrano ,&nbsp;Yasmin D. Evangelista ,&nbsp;Sergio D. Guendulain-García ,&nbsp;Aldo Croquer","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Halophila stipulacea</em> (Forsskål) Ascherson,1867 is a seagrass species native to the Red Sea and the Persian-Indian Ocean, introduced 150 years ago into the Mediterranean Sea. <em>H. stipulacea</em> was first reported in the Caribbean in 2002; and in less than 15 years, it expanded across small island nations and Venezuela. Expected to continue expanding across its invasive range, monitoring programs aimed at spotting new geographic areas where <em>H. stipulacea</em> has successfully settled are vital. Here, we report for the first time an extensive meadow of <em>H. stipulacea</em> in Punta Salinas, Bani, Peravia Province, Dominican Republic (La Hispaniola). In November 2024, the species was spotted drifting inside Las Calderas Bay, and soon after, detected in a meadow located at the exposed side of Punta Salinas. After taxonomic confirmation, we conducted a survey during December 2024 to check for the presence of <em>H. stipulacea</em> meadows We observed a large <em>H. stipulacea</em> patch (1500 m) established on muddy sediments mixed with <em>Dictyota</em> spp., dead <em>Halimeda</em> spp. and other macroalgae. On average, the alien species covered 67.5 ± 36.7 %, whereas <em>Thalassia testudinum</em> covered &lt; 5 % of the substrate. While the impacts of <em>H. stipulacea</em> in La Hispaniola remain unknown, our results confirm that <em>H. Stipulacea</em> continues to expand, successfully invading coastal habitats across the Caribbean region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 103915"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An aquatic pteridophyte, Salvinia, from the Subathu Formation (Late Paleocene–Early Eocene) of Himachal Himalaya, India, and its biogeographical implications","authors":"Ashif Ali ,&nbsp;Robert A. Spicer ,&nbsp;Tao Su ,&nbsp;Sampa Kundu ,&nbsp;Mahasin Ali Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Salvinia</em>, a free-floating aquatic, rootless fern, has a rich fossil record in Cenozoic sediments of Southeast Asia, Europe, and North-South America. However, none have been reported from the Cenozoic sediments of India, until now. Here, we report the occurrence of vegetative remains (both impressions and compressions), along with trichome bases, resembling both morphologically and anatomically those of the extant genus <em>Salvinia</em> Séguier from the Late Paleocene-Early Eocene of the Subathu Formation in the Mandi District of Himachal Pradesh, northwestern India. These newly discovered fossils are characterized by round, elliptical, or elongate fronds, with small hexagonal or quadrangular areolaes, usually 8–16 tubercles in a row between adjacent lateral veins, and craspedodromous lateral veins lacking marginal loops. Anatomically, epidermal cells are quadrangular or polygonal with diacytic stomata composed of two guard cells and numerous conical, filiform, slightly enlarged, and curved non-glandular trichomes. We describe these Eocene specimens as a new species, namely <em>Salvinia indica</em> A. Ali &amp; M. A. Khan sp. nov. The discovery of this species suggests that the Eocene Subathu Formation represents sediments deposited in mostly calm freshwater bodies such as very low-energy meandering rivers, streams, or wetland ponds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 103916"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhodolith beds in the Eastern Tropical Pacific: Habitat structure and associated biodiversity","authors":"Celeste A. Diaz-Licona ,&nbsp;Nadine Schubert ,&nbsp;Vladimir González-Gamboa ,&nbsp;Fernando Tuya ,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Azofeifa-Solano ,&nbsp;Cindy Fernández-García","doi":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aquabot.2025.103914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rhodolith beds (RBs) are globally distributed marine benthic habitats and recognized biodiversity hotspots of conservation interest. However, considerable regions of the world’s oceans remain unknown in terms of the presence, distribution, structure, and associated biodiversity of such habitats. In the Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP), even basic information about these habitats is still extremely scarce. To fill this gap, we characterized the habitat structure and associated biodiversity of four shallow-water RBs at Cocos Island, Costa Rica. Specifically, information regarding rhodolith structural attributes (size, morphology, and CaCO₃ content), as well as habitat characteristics (rhodolith nodule density, biomass and CaCO₃ standing stocks) were collected. Moreover, the diversity and abundance of associated organisms, including macroalgae, invertebrates and fishes, were determined. Our study shows that Cocos Island harbors dense RBs (1100 to &gt;4500 nodules m⁻²) with substantial carbonate stocks (14–22 kg m⁻²), which provide habitats for a wide array of species (158 recorded species). This study adds 58 new records of RB-associated species to previously published records for the island, which increases the total number of species to 316, including 51 species endemic to the ETP and four species categorized as vulnerable by the IUCN. Our results also indicate that community composition and abundance of organisms vary among RBs, likely due to differences in rhodolith morphologies and sizes and/or local environmental conditions. Further research efforts are warranted to identify the drivers for these differences, as well as expanding studies towards other RBs at Cocos Island and in the ETP in general.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8273,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Botany","volume":"201 ","pages":"Article 103914"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}