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[Structure and enzyme activity of the insulin receptor]. [胰岛素受体的结构和酶活性]。
Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology Pub Date : 1987-08-01
Iu B Grebenshchikov
{"title":"[Structure and enzyme activity of the insulin receptor].","authors":"Iu B Grebenshchikov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8252,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology","volume":"32 8","pages":"618-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14442941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Bacterial antilysozyme activity and its regulation by antibiotics]. [细菌抗溶菌酶活性及其抗生素调控]。
Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology Pub Date : 1987-08-01
O V Bukharin, B Ia Usiatsov, L S Zykova, A P Malyshkin, L A Pervushina
{"title":"[Bacterial antilysozyme activity and its regulation by antibiotics].","authors":"O V Bukharin,&nbsp;B Ia Usiatsov,&nbsp;L S Zykova,&nbsp;A P Malyshkin,&nbsp;L A Pervushina","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of subinhibitory doses of 25 antibiotics on the antilysozyme property of enterobacteria considered as a marker of their persistence was studied. This provided dividing the antibiotics into 3 groups: antibiotics increasing the bacterial capacity for lysozyme degradation, antibiotics indifferent with respect to this property and antibiotics decreasing it. Decreasing of the Salmonella antilysozyme activity by gentamicin under experimental conditions promoted suppression of the bacteria parasitism in Hep-2 cells. Clinical and laboratory studies on the effect of antibiotic therapy under the control of the time course of the antilysozyme property of the pathogen in patients with acute dysentery, pyelonephritis and inflammatory processes in the female genitalia showed that the use of the antibiotics increasing this property in the pathogen was not advisable which was confirmed by the absence of significant clinical improvement in the patients and necessity of prolonging the sanative period.</p>","PeriodicalId":8252,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology","volume":"32 8","pages":"597-602"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14795006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Data averaging in pharmacokinetic analysis: the population pharmacokinetics of cephalothin and cefazolin]. [药代动力学分析中的数据平均:头孢噻吩和头孢唑林的群体药代动力学]。
Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology Pub Date : 1987-07-01
A A Firsov, V I Danilova, S V Geodakian
{"title":"[Data averaging in pharmacokinetic analysis: the population pharmacokinetics of cephalothin and cefazolin].","authors":"A A Firsov,&nbsp;V I Danilova,&nbsp;S V Geodakian","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cephalothin and cefazolin pharmacokinetics was studied in cats after intravenous administration in doses of 20 and 75 mg/kg. The antibiotic serum concentrations were determined microbiologically. It was shown that the antibiotic pharmacokinetics within the above dose ranges was linear. The data on the antibiotic pharmacokinetics were described by bioexponential equations. Various methods for estimating population pharmacokinetic parameters were compared. Two approaches were used in estimating the population parameters: (1) averaging of individual concentrations followed by determining a single set of the parameters (naive pooled data approach) and (2) calculating of the parameters for an individual concentration/time set followed by the parameter averaging (two-stage approach). With the use of every approach the geometric mean of the parameters was calculated along with the arithmetic one. When the two-stage approach was used the population parameters were estimated with two procedures: averaging of the hybrid parameters (macroconstants) and averaging of the microconstants. Estimation of the population parameters as a geometric mean of the individual parameters, proved to be the most preferable approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":8252,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology","volume":"32 7","pages":"502-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14249673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Action of thomicide on bacterial cells. The membranotropic activity of thomicide]. 杀菌剂对细菌细胞的作用。杀虫剂的膜性活性[j]。
Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology Pub Date : 1987-07-01
L G Butova, L P Blinkova, G I Konoshenko, V G Bulgakova, A N Polin
{"title":"[Action of thomicide on bacterial cells. The membranotropic activity of thomicide].","authors":"L G Butova,&nbsp;L P Blinkova,&nbsp;G I Konoshenko,&nbsp;V G Bulgakova,&nbsp;A N Polin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It was shown that a combined drug thomicide impaired permeability of cell membranes in Micrococcus luteus 2665 and Staphylococcus aureus 209P inducing production of substances with the absorption maxima at 260 nm. Active lysis of the M. luteus 2665 protoplasts under the action of thomicide used in a dose of at least 60 micrograms per 1 mg of the protoplast proteins was observed. Thomicide inhibited oxidation of the substrates by intact cells of the staphylococci and micrococci. Respiration of the micrococcal protoplasts was inhibited by thomicide in concentrations inducing lysis of the protoplasts. Impairment of function and the state of the membranes of the bacterial cells (production of compounds with the absorption maxima at 260 nm, protoplast lysis and respiration inhibition) was recorded at thomicide concentrations lower than the bactericidal ones. The membranotropic activity of thomicide was associated with thermostable component of the complex.</p>","PeriodicalId":8252,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology","volume":"32 7","pages":"543-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14795000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[DNA isolated from Streptococcus sp. Thom-1066--the producer of thomicide]. [从链球菌sp. tom -1066中分离出的DNA——杀菌剂的制造者]。
Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology Pub Date : 1987-07-01
L P Blinkova, N A Medvedkova, N V Tsvetkova, A A Kharitonov, A P Tarasov
{"title":"[DNA isolated from Streptococcus sp. Thom-1066--the producer of thomicide].","authors":"L P Blinkova,&nbsp;N A Medvedkova,&nbsp;N V Tsvetkova,&nbsp;A A Kharitonov,&nbsp;A P Tarasov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thomicide is a complex preparation including a bacteriocin-like substance. To localize the determinant responsible for synthesis of the bacteriocin-like substance, DNA of the streptococcus producing thomicide was isolated and studied. Equilibrium centrifugation of the total DNA preparation in the gradient of cesium chloride-ethidium bromide yielded DNA of one density. The total DNA preparation was obtained with alkaline and neutral lysis. Restriction analysis of the streptococcal DNA followed by electrophoretic separation in agarose gel in comparison to the DNA standards of lambda phage and plasmid pBR 322 confirmed the absence of the plasmid or any other extrachromosomal DNA. Chromosomal localization of the determinant encoding biosynthesis of the thomicide bacteriocin-like substance was shown.</p>","PeriodicalId":8252,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology","volume":"32 7","pages":"541-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13962250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Pharmacokinetics of benzylpenicillin and gentamycin administered by different routes to patients with acute and chronic nonspecific lung diseases]. [不同给药途径青霉素和庆大霉素对急慢性非特异性肺部疾病患者的药代动力学]。
Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology Pub Date : 1987-07-01
L Z Skala, R G Abramian, A G Shanina, N K Razgarova, A G Nekhorosheva
{"title":"[Pharmacokinetics of benzylpenicillin and gentamycin administered by different routes to patients with acute and chronic nonspecific lung diseases].","authors":"L Z Skala,&nbsp;R G Abramian,&nbsp;A G Shanina,&nbsp;N K Razgarova,&nbsp;A G Nekhorosheva","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pharmacokinetic studies showed that endobronchial administration of benzylpenicillin and gentamicin to patients with acute and chronic pneumonia unlike intramuscular administration provided the antibiotic concentrations in bronchial secretions effective against middle sensitive and moderately resistant strains of microorganisms within 1-5 hours. Such concentrations maintained at the levels sufficient for inhibiting sensitive microflora growth for 24-36 hours with the use of benzylpenicillin and for 6 days with the use of gentamicin. This also lowered the risk of toxic complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8252,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology","volume":"32 7","pages":"520-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14249675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Polysaccharide composition of the cell wall of Streptomyces antibioticus RIA-594(39), a producer of the antibiotic oleandomycin]. [链霉菌抗生素RIA-594细胞壁的多糖组成(39)，抗生素夹竹桃霉素的生产者]。
Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology Pub Date : 1987-07-01
M Sh Zaretskaia, A N Polin
{"title":"[Polysaccharide composition of the cell wall of Streptomyces antibioticus RIA-594(39), a producer of the antibiotic oleandomycin].","authors":"M Sh Zaretskaia,&nbsp;A N Polin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The main polysaccharide components of the cell wall in S. antibioticus RIA-594 (39) i.e. peptidoglycan, teichoic acid and polysaccharide were studied. Peptidoglycan consists of the polysaccharide fraction containing equimolar quantities of N-acetylglucosamine and muramic acid and the peptide subunits including alanine, glutamic and L,L-diaminopimelic acids and glycine at a ratio of 1.4:0.9:1:0.9. It is characteristic that certain peptide subunits of the streptomycete contain no alanine. A polysaccharide differing from glycerol teichoic acid and containing galactose and N-acetylglucosamine was isolated from the cell wall. During the streptomycete development the quantity of peptidoglycan remained constant, the quantity of teichoic acid lowered and the quantity of polysaccharide increased. Correlation between the presence of aminosugars in the composition of teichoic acid and polysaccharide specific of the streptomycete cell wall and the presence of aminosugars in the structure of oleandomycin was shown. This is probably connected with characteristic features of the organism physiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":8252,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology","volume":"32 7","pages":"529-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14442937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Problems of the relationship of the therapeutic effect and the concentration of drugs in the blood]. [治疗效果与血液中药物浓度关系的问题]。
Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology Pub Date : 1987-07-01
M G Glezer, S V Iakovlev, L E Kholodov
{"title":"[Problems of the relationship of the therapeutic effect and the concentration of drugs in the blood].","authors":"M G Glezer,&nbsp;S V Iakovlev,&nbsp;L E Kholodov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Certain approaches to analysis of the drug concentration-response relationship based on the mechanism of the effect realization and the results of their clinical trials are discussed. The studies are exemplified by a model for quantitative analysis of the concentration-response relationship developed for diuretics and by the results of the clinical trial of the principle of the maximum providing prediction of the steady-state level of the drugs in blood and estimation of the drug effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":8252,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology","volume":"32 7","pages":"498-500"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14795119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[57Co-bleomycetin distribution in the body of experimental animals with hyperglycemia]. [57]复方博莱霉素在高血糖实验动物体内的分布[j]。
Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology Pub Date : 1987-07-01
S E Ul'ianenko, V M Petriev, A N Dedenkov
{"title":"[57Co-bleomycetin distribution in the body of experimental animals with hyperglycemia].","authors":"S E Ul'ianenko,&nbsp;V M Petriev,&nbsp;A N Dedenkov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Distribution of 57Co-bleomycetin in organs and tissues of rats with experimental short-term hyperglycemia was studied. Hyperglycemia was induced by intraperitoneal administration of 40 per cent glucose solution in doses of 1 to 10.4 g/kg. The labeled antitumor antibiotic was also administered intraperitoneally (0.2-0.8 MBq per animal). The data on both the external radiometry in the area under the animal limb and the radiometry of separate organs and tissues showed that hyperglycemia markedly altered pharmacokinetics of the labeled antibiotic and retarded its elimination. With respect to the lungs it even increased the drug tropism and accumulation. This information may be useful in radionuclide diagnosis and therapy in particular of lung cancer. The time course of glucose concentration in blood was not an adequate criterion of hyperglycemia influence since the influence of hyperglycemia on retarding the drug elimination was also observed when the level of glucose in blood did not differ from the initial one.</p>","PeriodicalId":8252,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology","volume":"32 7","pages":"517-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13591880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Model and model-independent methods of describing pharmacokinetics: the advantages, drawbacks and interrelationship]. [描述药代动力学的模型与模型无关方法:优缺点及相互关系]。
Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology Pub Date : 1987-07-01
V K Piotrovskiĭ
{"title":"[Model and model-independent methods of describing pharmacokinetics: the advantages, drawbacks and interrelationship].","authors":"V K Piotrovskiĭ","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A system for classification of the main quantitative approaches used in describing drug pharmacokinetics is proposed. The basis of the system is occupied by the systemic approach ignoring a detailed picture of the processes observed in the organism with participation of drugs and providing only integral description of such processes by parameters not depending on the concrete structure of the model. The second level is represented by stochastic models which also ignore the process detailed mechanism but provide concrete definition of the drug retention time frequency and distribution. The upper level is occupied by structural models (compartment and physiological) fixating a priori the concrete picture of the drug mass transfer in the organism which is more or less close to the real one. Interrelation of the three levels is analyzed. Definitions of the main model independent pharmacokinetic parameters such as total clearance, apparent volume distribution and mean retention time of the drug molecules in the organism are presented. A relationship between the drug concentration profile in blood and the drug retention time density distribution was developed. This relationship is the ground of the stochastic pharmacokinetic models.</p>","PeriodicalId":8252,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotiki i meditsinskaia biotekhnologiia = Antibiotics and medical biotechnology","volume":"32 7","pages":"492-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14795118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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