Pacific health dialog最新文献

{"title":"YWCA study partnering with young women on the impact of Covid-19: Participatory Action Research (PAR) through a Kaupapa Māori and Pacific Research lens","authors":"Daysha Tonumaipe'a, Kaisa Wilson, Brianna Heremaia","doi":"10.24135/pacifichealth.v5i.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24135/pacifichealth.v5i.58","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: New Zealand’s early response to Covid-19 ensured the successful elimination of the novel coronavirus, but came with an economic and social toll, particularly among Māori and Pacific communities. Within these communities, young people have experienced higher levels of distress and anxiety. This report gives a synopsis of the YWCA study on the experiences and impacts of COVID-19 as told by young Māori and Pacific women. \u0000Methods: Based on collaborative and empowerment-based methods, the YWCA study followed a Participatory Action Research (PAR) methodology guided by both Kaupapa Māori practices and Pacific Research protocols. In doing so, participants were co-researchers and partners in the research process. The methods of data collection adopted for this study entailed wānanga (forum to deliberate and discuss) and talanoa (narrative style interview). 14 young Māori and Pacific women aged between 18 and 30 took part in a 2-day wānanga and shared stories and experiences living through the pandemic. \u0000Results/Discussion: The YWCA study in partnership with the participants and co-researchers identified three key themes including response, recovery, and resilience. These key themes led to understandings and determinants of well-being for young Māori and Pacific women in New Zealand. \u0000Conclusion: The YWCA study yields findings that relate to experiences of young Māori and Pacific women during the Covid-19 lockdowns of 2020. Determinants of well-being and strategies in supporting young Māori and Pacific women were identified during the research process. The study can be useful in applying a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach through the lens of Māori and Pacific worldviews.","PeriodicalId":82251,"journal":{"name":"Pacific health dialog","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87789348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between the coronavirus pandemic and criminal activities: Emerging evidence from Fiji Islands","authors":"Kunal Singh, T. Shah, Amrit Raj","doi":"10.24135/pacifichealth.v5i.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24135/pacifichealth.v5i.57","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The spread of the coronavirus has led to strict containment measures around the world, simply to restrict the gathering of a large number of people. In Fiji, the COVID-19 lockdown measures are affecting different social aspects, including crime rates and criminal activities. \u0000Methods: This study was based on a secondary analysis of aggregated crime data, presenting preliminary analyses on crime trends across the Fiji Islands, during the first six months of the curfew period. It considers how the crime patterns shifted due to the numerous containment restrictions. We studied the crime data during the first six months of the curfew period, starting from March 31 to September 30, 2020, against the average of crime occurrences for the same period over the last four years (2016-2019). \u0000Results and Discussion: The study shows an overall increase of 18.8% in crime occurrences, during the curfew period. The disobedience against lawful orders were largely made up of curfew breaches (with an astounding increase of 2602 cases), with the southern and western divisions registering the majority of offences. The study also provides evidence of a decrease in offences against public morality (-41.7%) and property (-26.8%) during the curfew period, which could most likely be linked to strict stay-home restrictions and limited mobility. Criminal offences such as burglary (-24.6%), theft (-22%) and aggravated robbery (-23.3%) show a decreasing trend in the curfew period. However, a worrying increase in offences against the drugs ordinance act (104.4%), common assault (28.6%), serious assault (97.4%) and criminal intimidation (36.8%) is noted in this study. It could be interpreted that the central division (-46.4%) was possibly the safest area in Fiji during the first few months of the curfew, while the southern (17.9%) and western (29.2%) continue to show an increasing crime trend. \u0000Conclusion: The findings of this research are consistent with the predictions of the routine activity theory, which estimates crime rates to fluctuate during an exceptional event. Regardless of some limitations and directions for future research, the current study contributes to the literature on exceptional events and crime through an ongoing pandemic in the South Pacific. \u0000Keywords: Coronavirus, Fiji, lockdown, crime rates","PeriodicalId":82251,"journal":{"name":"Pacific health dialog","volume":"153 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85155279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professor Sitaleki Finau","authors":"C. Tukuitonga","doi":"10.26635/phd.2022.132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26635/phd.2022.132","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":82251,"journal":{"name":"Pacific health dialog","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45930047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"It must be awesome being married to a doctor?","authors":"Enid Westerlund","doi":"10.26635/phd.2022.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26635/phd.2022.137","url":null,"abstract":"If you think having a doctor for a future husband is ideal, think again. Sure, McDreamy is every girl’s dream but you’ll bet your right arm it’s not all fairy tales and rainbows. Blame E.R and Grey’s Anatomy for putting these silly ideas in our pretty heads.","PeriodicalId":82251,"journal":{"name":"Pacific health dialog","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47523336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey of healthcare professionals in Samoa to evaluate their knowledge, attitude, and practice on managing obesity","authors":"V. Lameko, R. Boodoosingh, P. Schoeffel, Tausala Aiavao, Falelua Maua, Saunima’a Aiolupotea","doi":"10.26635/phd.2022.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26635/phd.2022.131","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000Introduction: The level of obesity among the Samoan adult population has doubled since 1978 for both men and women and is a serious public health issue.\u0000Aim: To determine the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) with regard to obesity among Samoan health professionals. \u0000Methods: Interview front-line health workers in ten rural and one urban health facility using a developed questionnaire and observation of clinical practice. The sample comprised 130 (68%) registered nurses, 45 (24%) enrolled nurses and 15 (8%) doctors.\u0000Findings: Most participants were well informed about the relation between obesity and non-communicable disease and were aware of the prevalence of obesity and related health risks. Contradictory advise was often given to patients about the maintenance of a healthy body weight\u0000Discussion: There is a need to educate health workers on evidence-based weight management pathways and to develop patient care plans so overweight and obese persons attending health service facilities are informed effectively on how to lose weight.","PeriodicalId":82251,"journal":{"name":"Pacific health dialog","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48680987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical site infection requiring hospitalisation unchanged with a prophylactic incisional negative pressure wound therapy guideline: an observational cohort study","authors":"S. Holford, S. Arrol, S. Tout, Charlotte Oyston","doi":"10.26635/phd.2022.134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26635/phd.2022.134","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Despite numerous published prospective studies, evidence to support use of prophylactic incisional negative pressure wound therapy, for obstetric and gynaecologic surgery, is conflicting. \u0000Aim:  To evaluate if wound-related presentations to hospital were reduced following introduction of a guideline promoting selective use of prophylactic incisional negative pressure wound therapy. \u0000Methods: This was an observational cohort study. Electronic medical records were reviewed for all hospital presentations, within 30 days of primary surgery performed by laparotomy, where the responsible clinician was an obstetrician or gynaecologist. Rates of wound complications and costs associated with admission were compared pre- and post-guideline. \u0000Results: Among all those who underwent caesarean birth (n = 2788) or gynaecologic laparotomy (n= 263), 5% presented to hospital with SSI, and 1% with non-infected wound problems. No significant reductions in SSI hospital presentations, length of stay, or readmission costs were observed post-implementation. Likewise, no improvements were observed for non-infected wound problems or a composite of SSI and non-infected wound problems. \u0000Conclusions: This study does not support the selective approach used to direct prophylactic incisional negative pressure wound therapy. Further studies are required to better individualise risk assessment, and to determine if negative pressure wound therapy can reduce serious morbidity of SSI. When robust evidence is lacking, local outcomes should be evaluated systematically and reviewed before new treatments become standard care.","PeriodicalId":82251,"journal":{"name":"Pacific health dialog","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41800679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘water-only’ school nutrition policy: impetus, implementation and impact – views from the Principal","authors":"G. Sundborn, Loma Veatupu, S. Thornley, J. Bay, Jazmin Greig, S. Dunlop","doi":"10.26635/phd.2022.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26635/phd.2022.125","url":null,"abstract":"Yendarra primary school is located in Ōtara Auckland, New Zealand and is comprised of Pasifika and Māori students aged from 5 – 11 years old. The school is notable for its prioritisation of nutrition in its curriculum and policies. Here, we describe the reasoning for, implementation of and impacts of the policy from interviews of staff. Implementation of the ‘water-only’ policy in 2006, was primarily to address behavioural problems. Almost immediately, significant improvements in behaviour were observed. Following this positive experience, school leadership then focussed on improving school nutrition. Initially, most students did not bring lunch or brought unhealthy processed foods. The leadership team undertook a process including clearly communicating with the school community, using positive reinforcement, valuing student agency, and role modelling preferred behaviours to promote water-only and healthy-kai (food) practices in the school. This enabled a transformational change in the school and communities’ values and culture where water and healthy kai became a norm. Fifteen years on the benefits of these policies are wide-ranging, including improved behaviour, better achievement, happy students, better oral health and improved well-being.","PeriodicalId":82251,"journal":{"name":"Pacific health dialog","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41985576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Our Islands health systems and the impact of COVID-19","authors":"A. Ekeroma","doi":"10.26635/phd.2022.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26635/phd.2022.139","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":82251,"journal":{"name":"Pacific health dialog","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41697583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding health workers’ views on addressing the ongoing unmet need for family planning in Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands","authors":"Sahra Kress, J. Narasia","doi":"10.26635/phd.2022.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26635/phd.2022.133","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: It is estimated that in the Pacific region the unmet need for family planning is among the highest in the world. This study supports access to family planning based on evidence that impacts of contraceptive use range from improved health to socioeconomic benefits and sustainable development. This study hears from health workers providing essential family planning care to women and their families in Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands. This region was chosen for this study as it has a subnational disparity of highest unmet need for family planning in the Solomon Islands. The aim was to understand health workers’ perspectives on barriers to contraception in this region, and to hear their proposed solutions. \u0000Methods: This mixed methods study was based on an exploratory descriptive research approach using a survey, which was distributed to health workers at rural and urban health centres in Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands. Fifty-six surveys comprised of 32 questions, both open and closed-ended, were completed and analysed. This included three demographic questions. \u0000Findings: Health workers identified multiple structural, social, and service-driven barriers to meeting the contraceptive needs of women in their communities. Structural barriers include gender inequity and religious influence. Social and service barriers that may be more amenable to influence include misinformation and fear about contraceptive side effects; contraceptive stigma; and access to contraceptive training and education for health workers. Health workers expressed eagerness to address the unmet need for contraception in their communities and are a resource that should be prioritised in programmes seeking to expand access to contraception in the Solomon Islands. Health workers are embedded in their communities and insightful about health service complexities in their settings. They identified solutions including increased access to education and training for Long-Acting Reversible Contraception; increased efforts in raising community awareness and ways of encouraging contraceptive acceptance; and a continued investment in enabling environments both for health workers, and women. \u0000Conclusions: This study affirms health workers as a key resource in addressing the unmet need for contraception in Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands, and calls for programme and policy solutions informed by their perspectives. The two main priorities they emphasised to help tackle the persistent problem of unmet need for contraception are an increase in their capability to provide contraceptive implants, and an increase in community education to boost acceptance of family planning care from women and their families.","PeriodicalId":82251,"journal":{"name":"Pacific health dialog","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49097555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are video game loot boxes associated with gambling among young Pacific adults in New Zealand?","authors":"D. Gentles, Seini Taufa, Gerhart Berking, Philip Siataga, Pesio Ah-Honi, J. Fa’alili-Fidow","doi":"10.26635/phd.2022.129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26635/phd.2022.129","url":null,"abstract":"Aim \u0000There is concern that gaming by young Pacific people can lead to gambling, but this is unclear. This study looked at whether there was an association between buying a video game loot box and gambling. \u0000  \u0000Methods \u0000We conducted an online survey via Facebook of Pacific (mostly Samoan) New Zealand gamers aged between 16-30 years inclusive with a non-Māori, non-Pacific comparison group. The online survey ran from the 21st of April 2020 till the 30th of June 2020 and disseminated via social media (Facebook and Instagram) using email. We tested whether there was any association between buying an in-game loot box with any gambling activity within the last six months among gamers. \u0000  \u0000Results \u0000The study included 828 participants with the Pacific group of n=402 and a comparison group of non-Māori, non-Pacific (nMnP, n=426). A typical Pacific gamer played nearly every day for two to five hours at a time. About 25% of gamers had bought a loot box and about a third of gamers had gambled recently. However, there was no association between buying a loot box and gambling (p=0.811) for Pacific, or for non-Māori, non-Pacific (p=0.727). In multiple logistic regression modelling, older age (OR=1.27, 95%CI [1.21,1.33]) was the only predictor of gambling. \u0000  \u0000Conclusions \u0000We did not find any association between buying a loot box and gambling. A longitudinal study would ascertain if there was a link between the two.","PeriodicalId":82251,"journal":{"name":"Pacific health dialog","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46595846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}