{"title":"Targeting Interfacial Location of Phenolic Antioxidants in Emulsions: Strategies and Benefits.","authors":"Claire Berton-Carabin, Pierre Villeneuve","doi":"10.1146/annurev-food-060721-021636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-food-060721-021636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is important to have larger proportions of health-beneficial polyunsaturated lipids in foods, but these nutrients are particularly sensitive to oxidation, and dedicated strategies must be developed to prevent this deleterious reaction. In food oil-in-water emulsions, the oil-water interface is a crucial area when it comes to the initiation of lipid oxidation. Unfortunately, most available natural antioxidants, such as phenolic antioxidants, do not spontaneously position at this specific locus. Achieving such a strategic positioning has therefore been an active research area, and various routes have been proposed: lipophilizing phenolic acids to confer them with an amphiphilic character; functionalizing biopolymer emulsifiers through covalent or noncovalent interactions with phenolics; or loading Pickering particles with natural phenolic compounds to yield interfacial antioxidant reservoirs. We herein review the principles and efficiency of these approaches to counteract lipid oxidation in emulsions as well as their advantages and limitations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8187,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of food science and technology","volume":"14 ","pages":"63-83"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9567363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nondigestible Functional Oligosaccharides: Enzymatic Production and Food Applications for Intestinal Health.","authors":"Shaoqing Yang, Chenxuan Wu, Qiaojuan Yan, Xiuting Li, Zhengqiang Jiang","doi":"10.1146/annurev-food-052720-114503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-food-052720-114503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nondigestible functional oligosaccharides are of particular interest in recent years because of their unique prebiotic activities, technological characteristics, and physiological effects. Among different types of strategies for the production of nondigestible functional oligosaccharides, enzymatic methods are preferred owing to the predictability and controllability of the structure and composition of the reaction products. Nondigestible functional oligosaccharides have been proved to show excellent prebiotic effects as well as other benefits to intestinal health. They have exhibited great application potential as functional food ingredients for various food products with improved quality and physicochemical characteristics. This article reviews the research progress on the enzymatic production of several typical nondigestible functional oligosaccharides in the food industry, including galacto-oligosaccharides, xylo-oligosaccharides, manno-oligosaccharides, chito-oligosaccharides, and human milk oligosaccharides. Moreover, their physicochemical properties and prebiotic activities are discussed as well as their contributions to intestinal health and applications in foods.</p>","PeriodicalId":8187,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of food science and technology","volume":"14 ","pages":"297-322"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9197663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Harrison Helmick, Anika Jain, Genki Terashi, Andrea Liceaga, Arun K Bhunia, Daisuke Kihara, Jozef L Kokini
{"title":"Bioinformatic Approaches for Characterizing Molecular Structure and Function of Food Proteins.","authors":"Harrison Helmick, Anika Jain, Genki Terashi, Andrea Liceaga, Arun K Bhunia, Daisuke Kihara, Jozef L Kokini","doi":"10.1146/annurev-food-060721-022222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-food-060721-022222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Structural bioinformatics analyzes protein structural models with the goal of uncovering molecular drivers of food functionality. This field aims to develop tools that can rapidly extract relevant information from protein databases as well as organize this information for researchers interested in studying protein functionality. Food bioinformaticians take advantage of millions of protein amino acid sequences and structures contained within these databases, extracting features such as surface hydrophobicity that are then used to model functionality, including solubility, thermostability, and emulsification. This work is aided by a protein structure-function relationship framework, in which bioinformatic properties are linked to physicochemical experimentation. Strong bioinformatic correlations exist for protein secondary structure, electrostatic potential, and surface hydrophobicity. Modeling changes in protein structures through molecular mechanics is an increasingly accessible field that will continue to propel food science research.</p>","PeriodicalId":8187,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of food science and technology","volume":"14 ","pages":"203-224"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9202011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A Lie-Piang, J Yang, M A I Schutyser, C V Nikiforidis, R M Boom
{"title":"Mild Fractionation for More Sustainable Food Ingredients.","authors":"A Lie-Piang, J Yang, M A I Schutyser, C V Nikiforidis, R M Boom","doi":"10.1146/annurev-food-060721-024052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-food-060721-024052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the rising problems of food shortages, energy costs, and raw materials, the food industry must reduce its environmental impact. We present an overview of more resource-efficient processes to produce food ingredients, describing their environmental impact and the functional properties obtained. Extensive wet processing yields high purities but also has the highest environmental impact, mainly due to heating for protein precipitation and dehydration. Milder wet alternatives exclude, for example, low pH-driven separation and are based on salt precipitation or water only. Drying steps are omitted during dry fractionation using air classification or electrostatic separation. Benefits of milder methods are enhanced functional properties. Therefore, fractionation and formulation should be focused on the desired functionality instead of purity. Environmental impact is also strongly reduced by milder refining. Antinutritional factors and off-flavors remain challenges in more mildly produced ingredients. The benefits of less refining motivate the increasing trend toward mildly refined ingredients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8187,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of food science and technology","volume":"14 ","pages":"473-493"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9209275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bovine Colostrum for Veterinary and Human Health Applications: A Critical Review.","authors":"Kevin Linehan, R Paul Ross, Catherine Stanton","doi":"10.1146/annurev-food-060721-014650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-food-060721-014650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine colostrum harbors a diverse array of bioactive components suitable for the development of functional foods, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals with veterinary and human health applications. Bovine colostrum has a strong safety profile with applications across all age groups for health promotion and the amelioration of a variety of disease states. Increased worldwide milk production and novel processing technologies have resulted in substantial growth of the market for colostrum-based products. This review provides a synopsis of the bioactive components in bovine colostrum, the processing techniques used to produce high-value colostrum-based products, and recent studies utilizing bovine colostrum for veterinary and human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":8187,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of food science and technology","volume":"14 ","pages":"387-410"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9567368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Almond (<i>Prunus dulcis</i>): Chemical Properties, Utilization, and Valorization of Coproducts.","authors":"Haruka Tomishima, Kathleen Luo, Alyson E Mitchell","doi":"10.1146/annurev-food-052720-111942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-food-052720-111942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Almonds (<i>Prunus dulcis)</i> are one of the most consumed tree-nuts worldwide, with commercial production in arid environments such as California, Spain, and Australia. The high consumption of almonds is partly due to their versatile usage in products such as gluten-free flour and dairy alternatives as well as them being a source of protein in vegetarian diets. They contain high concentrations of health-promoting compounds such as Vitamin E and have demonstrated benefits for reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and improving vascular health. In addition, almonds are the least allergenic tree nut and contain minute quantities of cyanogenic glycosides. Production has increased significantly in the past two decades with 3.12 billion pounds of kernel meat produced in California alone in 2020 (USDA 2021), leading to a new emphasis on the valorization of the coproducts (e.g., hulls, shells, skins, and blanch water). This article presents a review of the chemical composition of almond kernels (e.g., macro and micronutrients, phenolic compounds, cyanogenic glycosides, and allergens) and the current research exploring the valorization of almond coproducts.</p>","PeriodicalId":8187,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of food science and technology","volume":"13 ","pages":"145-166"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39748167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chemical Stability of Proteins in Foods: Oxidation and the Maillard Reaction.","authors":"Mahesha M Poojary, Marianne N Lund","doi":"10.1146/annurev-food-052720-104513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-food-052720-104513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Protein is a major nutrient present in foods along with carbohydrates and lipids. Food proteins undergo a wide range of modifications during food production, processing, and storage. In this review, we discuss two major reactions, oxidation and the Maillard reaction, involved in chemical modifications of food proteins. Protein oxidation in foods is initiated by metal-, enzyme-, or light-induced processes. Food protein oxidation results in the loss of thiol groups and the formation of protein carbonyls and specific oxidation products of cysteine, tyrosine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, and methionine residues, such as disulfides, dityrosine, kynurenine, <i>m</i>-tyrosine, and methionine sulfoxide. The Maillard reaction involves the reaction of nucleophilic amino acid residues with reducing sugars, which yields numerous heterogeneous compounds such as α-dicarbonyls, furans, Strecker aldehydes, advanced glycation end-products, and melanoidins. Both protein oxidation and the Maillard reaction result in the loss of essential amino acids but may positively or negatively impact food structure and flavor.</p>","PeriodicalId":8187,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of food science and technology","volume":"13 ","pages":"35-58"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39751282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vanessa Las Heras, Silvia Melgar, John MacSharry, Cormac G M Gahan
{"title":"The Influence of the Western Diet on Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Immunity.","authors":"Vanessa Las Heras, Silvia Melgar, John MacSharry, Cormac G M Gahan","doi":"10.1146/annurev-food-052720-011032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-food-052720-011032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diet exerts a major influence upon host immune function and the gastrointestinal microbiota. Although components of the human diet (including carbohydrates, fats, and proteins) are essential sources of nutrition for the host, they also influence immune function directly through interaction with innate and cell-mediated immune regulatory mechanisms. Regulation of the microbiota community structure also provides a mechanism by which food components influence host immune regulatory processes. Here, we consider the complex interplay between components of the modern (Western) diet, the microbiota, and host immunity in the context of obesity and metabolic disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":8187,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of food science and technology","volume":"13 ","pages":"489-512"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39791885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Osman Y Koyun, Todd R Callaway, David J Nisbet, Robin C Anderson
{"title":"Innovative Treatments Enhancing the Functionality of Gut Microbiota to Improve Quality and Microbiological Safety of Foods of Animal Origin.","authors":"Osman Y Koyun, Todd R Callaway, David J Nisbet, Robin C Anderson","doi":"10.1146/annurev-food-100121-050244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-food-100121-050244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gastrointestinal tract, or gut, microbiota is a microbial community containing a variety of microorganisms colonizing throughout the gut that plays a crucial role in animal health, growth performance, and welfare. The gut microbiota is closely associated with the quality and microbiological safety of foods and food products originating from animals. The gut microbiota of the host can be modulated and enhanced in ways that improve the quality and safety of foods of animal origin. Probiotics-also known as direct-fed microbials-competitive exclusion cultures, prebiotics, and synbiotics have been utilized to achieve this goal. Reducing foodborne pathogen colonization in the gut prior to slaughter and enhancing the chemical, nutritional, or sensory characteristics of foods (e.g., meat, milk, and eggs) are two of many positive outcomes derived from the use of these competitive enhancement-based treatments in food-producing animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":8187,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of food science and technology","volume":"13 ","pages":"433-461"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39791883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Plant-Based Proteins: The Good, Bad, and Ugly.","authors":"William R Aimutis","doi":"10.1146/annurev-food-092221-041723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-food-092221-041723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our global population is growing at a pace to exceed 10 billion people by the year 2050. This growth will place pressure on the agricultural production of food to feed the hungry masses. One category that will be strained is protein. Per capita protein consumption is rising in virtually every country for both nutritional reasons and consumption enjoyment. The United Nations estimates protein demand will double by 2050, and this will result in a critical overall protein shortage if drastic changes are not made in the years preceding these changes. Therefore, the world is in the midst of identifying technological breakthroughs to make protein more readily available and sustainable for future generations. One protein sourcing category that has grown in the past decade is plant-based proteins, which seem to fit criteria established by discerning consumers, including healthy, sustainable, ethical, and relatively inexpensive. Although demand for plant-based protein continues to increase, these proteins are challenging to utilize in novel food formulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8187,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of food science and technology","volume":"13 ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39896927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}