Journal of Eastern African research & development最新文献_第7页

Access to Financial Services Via Rural and Community Banks and Poverty Reduction in Rural Households in Ghana 通过农村和社区银行获得金融服务与加纳农村家庭减贫

Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2017-10-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.19.2.0067

Michael Danquah, P. Quartey, A. Iddrisu

引用次数: 24

Transforming Rural Africa—Economics, Technology and Governance 转型非洲农村:经济、技术与治理

Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.19.1.0161

Yaw Nyarko

{"title":"Transforming Rural Africa—Economics, Technology and Governance","authors":"Yaw Nyarko","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.19.1.0161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jafrideve.19.1.0161","url":null,"abstract":"Mr. President and colleagues at the African Finance and Economics Association (AFEA), fellow economists and social scientists, I am extremely grateful for the opportunity to be here to give this keynote address at this wonderful luncheon. I have been a member of AFEA for N years where N is very large. I am happy to see the organization getting stronger and, as I mentioned before, I am extremely honored to be giving this address. The topic today is a central one in Economics in this era. It is the question of the economic development of Africa’s rural areas. A large number of Africans still reside in areas which are relatively rural and agricultural. Many remain very poor despite increases in world standards of living over the past several decades and very high growth rates in many African nations more recently. A fundamental question in the Economics of Development is the question of what will transform these areas into high producing technologically sophisticated economies. The question of economic transformation or structural change, or more specifically, industrialization is receiving a good deal of attention within the profession. Several years ago a new Think Tank, the African Center for Economic Transformation (ACET), was created with the sole purpose of studying and documenting transformation in Africa. The African Development Bank in its flagship publication, the African Economic Outlook, has signaled this through their titles which were “Regional development ... at the heart of Africa’s structural transformation,” in 2015; “Structural Transformation and Natural Resources,” in","PeriodicalId":81652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eastern African research & development","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85825038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Innovation and volatility of the GDP growth rate: case of the economies of sub-Saharan Africa 创新与GDP增长率的波动:以撒哈拉以南非洲经济体为例

Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.19.1.0088

Yaya Ky, François Joseph Cabral

引用次数: 13

Does School Quality Matter? Primary Schools' Characteristics and Child Labor Intensity in Senegal 学校质量重要吗?塞内加尔小学特点与童工劳动强度

Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.19.1.0113

E. W. V. Ahouakan, Mbaye Diene

{"title":"Does School Quality Matter? Primary Schools' Characteristics and Child Labor Intensity in Senegal","authors":"E. W. V. Ahouakan, Mbaye Diene","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.19.1.0113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jafrideve.19.1.0113","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study analyzes the relationship between school quality and child labor in Senegal. Unlike previous studies that consider child labor as primarily due to household poverty, economic shocks or market imperfections, it tries to assess whether the perceptions that households have about the capacity of investments in education to provide their children with a significant gain can motivate their interest or their disinterest to send them to school and / or to involve them immediately into work. From a simple theoretical model we develop, we show how school quality may influence the choices that households make for their children concerning schooling or labor. We then assess empirically that relationship using the Senegal's DHS-MICS data of 2010-2011 and the Statistical Yearbook of the Ministry of National Education. The Heckman's two-step model combined with the two-step approach proposed in Card and Krueger (1992) have been employed to deal with the problems suggested by the theoretical model. Our empirical findings confirm the theoretical model's results. They indicate that the labor options that households make for their children in Senegal depend on the schools' characteristics in this country. More precisely, we find that an increase of the pupils-teacher ratio and of the rate of grade repetition, seems be considered by households as a signal of bad quality of school. They lead respectively to an increase of the burden of works performed by children in economic and domestic activities.","PeriodicalId":81652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eastern African research & development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90410330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Child Disability and Mothers' Labour Market Participation in Cameroon 喀麦隆儿童残疾和母亲劳动力市场参与情况

Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.19.1.0027

Arlette Simo Fotso

{"title":"Child Disability and Mothers' Labour Market Participation in Cameroon","authors":"Arlette Simo Fotso","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.19.1.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jafrideve.19.1.0027","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study seeks to evaluate the effect of a child's disability on the mothers' labour market participation capturing heterogeneity according to mother's level of education. It uses data from the 2011 Demographic and Health-National Mutiple Indicators Cluster Survey (DHS-MICS) of Cameroon. In order to allow for endogeneity bias and the fact that a disability may impose various types of constraints on a family, two disability indicators were constructed. These distinguish between children with a healthcare-cost-intensive disability and those with a time-intensive one. The results obtained show that having a child whose disability requires high healthcare expenditures increases the probability that a non-graduated mother will be employed by 12%, and that she will work full-year by 3% and seasonally by 6%. Where the child's disability imposes time constraints, the probability of working all the year for the non-graduated mother is reduced by 14%. No significant effect is found for graduated mothers. It is important, therefore, that policymakers take account of the variety of costs imposed by a child's disability and heterogeneous effects according to mother's level of education.","PeriodicalId":81652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eastern African research & development","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82131047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Do firms learn by exporting or learn to export? Evidence from Senegalese manufacturing firms 企业是通过出口学习还是学会出口?来自塞内加尔制造企业的证据

Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.19.1.0133

F. Cissé

{"title":"Do firms learn by exporting or learn to export? Evidence from Senegalese manufacturing firms","authors":"F. Cissé","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.19.1.0133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jafrideve.19.1.0133","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper examines the causal relationship between exporting and productivity in the manufacturing firms in Senegal using a unique firm-level panel data for the period 1998-2011. We control for endogeneity and sample selection by jointly estimating the productivity and the export-participation equations. Our results indicate strong evidence of both self-selection of the most efficient firms enter into the export market and effect of Learning in the export market. Findings show that firms with better financial health are likely to exports. Furthermore, the ownership of intangible assets like brevet and the quality of labour positively affect the probability to export of the manufacturing firms. We investigate the sectoral heterogeneity of the Learning-by exporting effect (LBE) and find evidence of a weak heterogeneity of the learning-by-exporting effect between the sectors. From a policy relevance, the evidence of learning-by-exporting suggests Senegal has much to gain from encouraging exports by helping domestic firms to overcome the barriers to enter into foreign markets by promoting access to intangible assets like brevet. Particularly, export promotion policies could be helpful, reducing the level of financial constraints faced by firms and indirectly enhancing their investment spending and productivity. As a driver of manufacturing exports, labour quality must be carefully considered in the perspectives of industrial development. Considerable efforts are required in the Senegalese educational system in order to match the training to the requirements of the labour market.","PeriodicalId":81652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eastern African research & development","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82625423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

How Facilitating Trade would Benefit Trade in Sub-Saharan Africa 贸易便利化如何有利于撒哈拉以南非洲的贸易

Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.19.1.0001

A. Seck

{"title":"How Facilitating Trade would Benefit Trade in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"A. Seck","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.19.1.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jafrideve.19.1.0001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Despite a significant trade expansion that has been above the world average in the recent period, Sub-Saharan Africa still remains relatively marginalized in the world trading system. This paper sets out to analyze the extent to which various elements of the trade cost landscape in the sub-continent may have contributed to shape trade patterns both within the region and with the outside world. Different trade facilitation measures such as border efficiency, physical infrastructure, regulatory environment, information and communication technology, and the World Bank's Logistics Performance Index are related to bilateral trade flows in a gravity framework. The study finds, based on the Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood estimation, that raising (raising) the quality of the trading environment of (the subcontinent) the sub-continent to the level of the world average would generate significant export gains that amount to reducing bilateral geographical distance by between 1.7 to 10.1 percent or cutting ad valorem tariff by between 1.4 and 10.2 percentage-points. The extent of the gains varies greatly across the trade facilitation measures, commodity sectors, export destinations, as well as which trading partner undertakes the corresponding reforms. These results offer a strong basis for designing targeted trade facilitation reforms that would improve Africa's international trade position in the wake of the recent success of WTO's trade negotiations.","PeriodicalId":81652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eastern African research & development","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87856776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Food Prices and Inflation in Tanzania 坦桑尼亚的食品价格和通货膨胀

Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.18.2.0019

C. Adam, David Kwimbere, W. Mbowe, S. O’Connell

引用次数: 26

Implications of Monetary Policy for Credit and Investment in Sub-Saharan African Countries 货币政策对撒哈拉以南非洲国家信贷和投资的影响

Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.18.2.0001

L. Ndikumana

引用次数: 28

Health Expenditure, Climate Changes and Corruption in the MENA Region: A Granger Causality Approach 中东和北非地区的卫生支出、气候变化和腐败:格兰杰因果关系方法

Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.18.2.0061

H. Sileem

引用次数: 11