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Journal of Eastern African research & development最新文献

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Maternal Immunization and Birth Weight in Cameroon 喀麦隆的产妇免疫接种和出生体重
Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2018-04-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0077
M. D. Tambi, J. T. Atemnkeng
{"title":"Maternal Immunization and Birth Weight in Cameroon","authors":"M. D. Tambi, J. T. Atemnkeng","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0077","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study investigates the effects of mother's immunization against tetanus on child health in Cameroon using data from demographic and surveys for 2004 and 2011, enriched with data from the Ministry of Agriculture for the same periods. The results show that maternal immunization during pregnancy is associated with a large increase in birth weight nationally as well as in rural and urban areas. Further, child health correlates positively with the economic wellbeing of the household. Other variables that are significantly associated with birth weight include mother's age, father's education, a twin birth, and a child's gender. These finding can help design policies to improve child health in Cameroon.","PeriodicalId":81652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eastern African research & development","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76988899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Determinants of Neonatal and Under-five Mortality in Kenya: Do Antenatal and Skilled Delivery Care Services Matter? 肯尼亚新生儿和五岁以下儿童死亡率的决定因素:产前和熟练分娩护理服务重要吗?
Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2018-04-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0059
P. Machio
{"title":"Determinants of Neonatal and Under-five Mortality in Kenya: Do Antenatal and Skilled Delivery Care Services Matter?","authors":"P. Machio","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0059","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Kenya lags behind its East Africa partners in reducing childhood mortality. Childhood mortality can be prevented or reduced if women have access to quality care during conception, pregnancy, and in intra-partum and post-natal periods. In Kenya, few women use adequate antenatal care services and many still deliver at home. Using the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey data, this study investigates the effects of adequate use of antenatal and skilled delivery care services on neonatal and under-five mortality. Two-stage residual inclusion and control function approaches are used. The main finding is that adequate antenatal care and skilled assistance during delivery reduce neonatal and under-five mortality. Thus, policies that promote use of maternal health services such as increasing women's education and reducing average distances to health facilities should be implemented.","PeriodicalId":81652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eastern African research & development","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74947505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Household Economic Well-being and Child Health in the Democratic Republic of Congo 刚果民主共和国的家庭经济福利和儿童健康
Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2018-04-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0049
Janvier Mwisha-Kasiwa
{"title":"Household Economic Well-being and Child Health in the Democratic Republic of Congo","authors":"Janvier Mwisha-Kasiwa","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0049","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper investigates the effects of economic wellbeing of households on child health in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) using data from the Demographic and Health Survey for 2014. A series of econometric tools are used to estimate the effects. The control function approach is shown to be the most appropriate estimation method. The results show that an increase in household economic wellbeing reduces child malnutrition. It is also found that younger children are more likely to be underweight, and that birth weight is a significant determinant of nutritional status up to age five. The main policy implication of the paper is that creation of jobs and other economic opportunities would enhance child health in DRC via improvements in living conditions.","PeriodicalId":81652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eastern African research & development","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90503243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Cost Effectiveness of Family Planning Services in Uganda 乌干达计划生育服务的成本效益
Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2018-04-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0003
S. Ssewanyana, Ibrahim Kasirye
{"title":"The Cost Effectiveness of Family Planning Services in Uganda","authors":"S. Ssewanyana, Ibrahim Kasirye","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Although Uganda has devoted an increasing amount of resources to health interventions, funding for reproductive health services as well as general health sector remains inadequate. This study examines the cost effectiveness of four family planning interventions, namely, oral contraception, female sterilization, injectables, and condoms. Using the 2006 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey and the Uganda National Household Survey data we estimate cost effectiveness ratios in relation to the number of births averted for women aged 15-49 years. We find that only one out of five women using some form of contraceptive and a quarter of the women using contraceptives rely on traditional methods that are less effective in preventing child births. With regard to efficiency, we find that injectables are the most cost effective intervention. Nonetheless, we do not recommend solely targeting women in the reproductive age category with this particular method of contraception without due regard to differences in physiology and socioeconomic characteristics.","PeriodicalId":81652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eastern African research & development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88979461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
The Determinants of Birth Weight in Guinea 几内亚出生体重的决定因素
Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2018-04-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0039
Aboubacar Kaba, Sékou Falil Doumbouya, M. Kéita
{"title":"The Determinants of Birth Weight in Guinea","authors":"Aboubacar Kaba, Sékou Falil Doumbouya, M. Kéita","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0039","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study analyses the determinants of birth weight in Guinea using data from the DHS collected in 2005. The results from econometric analysis show that mother's age, child's sex, area of residence, and tetanus immunization status of the mother are strongly correlated with birth weight in Guinea. However, the size of the correlation between anti-tetanus vaccination and birth weight depends on the estimation method. Thus, it is important to use appropriate estimation method to avoid misleading inference and bad policies.","PeriodicalId":81652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eastern African research & development","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73950532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Cost Effectiveness Analysis of Family Planning Provision in Kenya 肯尼亚计划生育服务的成本效益分析
Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2018-04-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0013
M. Mugo, P. Muriithi
{"title":"Cost Effectiveness Analysis of Family Planning Provision in Kenya","authors":"M. Mugo, P. Muriithi","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0013","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In Kenya, total fertility rate and contraceptive prevalence rate have shown marginal changes since the 1990s, raising questions about efficiency and effectiveness of provision of reproductive health services, which has received little attention in the country and elsewhere in Africa. We use data from Thika sub-county in central Kenya to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of family planning service provision alternatives. The results show that costs per couple year of protection vary widely across facilities within government and non-government providers, but are slightly higher amongst the former. The cost-effectiveness ratios were sensitive to exclusion of certain commodity costs. We conclude that family planning provision systems found in Thika are efficient but call for strengthening of lower level facilities, which are more cost effective and largely serve the poor.","PeriodicalId":81652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eastern African research & development","volume":"1976 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90284633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Persistence of Child Malnutrition in Malawi: Explanations from Demographic and Health Surveys 马拉维儿童营养不良的持续存在:来自人口和健康调查的解释
Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2018-04-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0069
Grace Kumchulesi
{"title":"Persistence of Child Malnutrition in Malawi: Explanations from Demographic and Health Surveys","authors":"Grace Kumchulesi","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jafrideve.20.1.0069","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Although improvement of children's nutrition in Malawi has long been a key policy issue, child malnutrition problem in the country remains serious. This paper set out to understand why child malnutrition in Malawi has remained persistently high over the years. The study focuses on child stunting and underweight. Datasets from Malawi's DHS for 1992, 2000, 2004 and 2010 were used to investigate this problem. The main finding is that stunting was most prevalent in 2000 and 2004 but child underweight was prominent throughout the period. The reason for this persistence is that the factors that contribute to child malnutrition did not change significantly since 1992. Policies that can change this situation are suggested.","PeriodicalId":81652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eastern African research & development","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91268069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
A Monetary Stress Indicator for the Economic Community of West African States 西非国家经济共同体的货币压力指标
Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2017-10-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.19.2.0003
S. Diop, Peter Tillmann, P. Winker
{"title":"A Monetary Stress Indicator for the Economic Community of West African States","authors":"S. Diop, Peter Tillmann, P. Winker","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.19.2.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jafrideve.19.2.0003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper uses monetary stress indicators derived from a simple backward-looking Taylor rule to investigate macroeconomic convergence in the future monetary union of ECOWAS. The results we obtain support the notion of two distinct groups of countries (WAEMU and NON-WAEMU countries). We find a drastic reduction of monetary stress since the establishment of the convergence pact. The decomposition of monetary stress shows a decrease of stress due to diverging inflation rates since 1999 while notable asymmetries from cyclical output continue to persist across the ECOWAS member states. Monetary policy could be too accommodative for NON-WAEMU countries while it could be too tight for WAEMU countries implying that the future central bank target rate will not be consistent with the needs of every country member.","PeriodicalId":81652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eastern African research & development","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91183643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The Impacts of Improvements in the Delivery of Credit from Formal and Semi-Formal Financial Institutions: Evidence from Ghana 正式和半正式金融机构信贷提供改善的影响:来自加纳的证据
Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2017-10-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.19.2.0033
S. Amponsah
{"title":"The Impacts of Improvements in the Delivery of Credit from Formal and Semi-Formal Financial Institutions: Evidence from Ghana","authors":"S. Amponsah","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.19.2.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jafrideve.19.2.0033","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study examines the impacts of improvements in delivery of credit from formal and semi-formal financial institutions to households in Ghana. The main interest of the study is to exploit plausibly variations in access to credit from these institutions, since before the passage of the Borrowers and Lenders Act, 2008 (Act 773) and the Non-Bank Financial Institutions Act, 2008 (Act 774) in 2008, households in the country could hardly borrow from the formal financial institutions. Particular attention is paid to a number of socioeconomic outcomes, including agriculture, non-farm businesses, and expenditure. This paper documents evidence of a decline in the share of households who have some informal borrowing, reduction in agricultural activities, and increases in non-farm business activities as well as increases in the number of non-farm business employees. While the reforms altered the borrowing patterns of households, it did not necessarily induce demand for credit. This paper also finds improvements in consumption, profits (both farm and non-farm activities) and loan repayments.","PeriodicalId":81652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eastern African research & development","volume":"39 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80910369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Can Extreme Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa be Eliminated by 2030? 撒哈拉以南非洲的极端贫困能否在2030年前消除?
Journal of Eastern African research & development Pub Date : 2017-10-01 DOI: 10.5325/jafrideve.19.2.0093
Zorobabel Bicabaa, Zuzana Brixiová, Mthuli Ncube
{"title":"Can Extreme Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa be Eliminated by 2030?","authors":"Zorobabel Bicabaa, Zuzana Brixiová, Mthuli Ncube","doi":"10.5325/jafrideve.19.2.0093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/jafrideve.19.2.0093","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Eradicating extreme poverty for all people everywhere by 2030 is the first goal among the UN Sustainable Development Goals that guide the current development agenda. This paper examines its feasibility for Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the world's poorest but growing region. It finds that under plausible assumptions extreme poverty will not be eradicated in SSA by 2030, but it can be reduced to low levels through high growth and income redistribution towards the poor segments of the society. National and regional policies should aim at structural transformation and industrialization that would make their growth paths more inclusive and ‘green’. International organizations, including informal ones such as the G20, can play a critical role in this endeavor by encouraging policy coordination and coherence. Further, African countries will need a greater scope for bringing their perspectives into global economic debates on issues impacting sustainable development on the continent.","PeriodicalId":81652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Eastern African research & development","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90429922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 100
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