Archives of environmental health最新文献_第5页

Organochlorine pesticide levels in blood serum samples taken at autopsy from auto accident victims in Veracruz, Mexico. 墨西哥韦拉克鲁斯州车祸受害者尸检时采集的血清样本中有机氯农药的含量。

Archives of environmental health Pub Date : 2004-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/00039890409603423

Stefan M Waliszewski, Octavio Carvajal, Rosa M Infanzón, Sandra Gómez-Arroyo, Rafael Villalobos-Pietrini, Patricia Trujillo, Mary Maxwell Hart

{"title":"Organochlorine pesticide levels in blood serum samples taken at autopsy from auto accident victims in Veracruz, Mexico.","authors":"Stefan M Waliszewski, Octavio Carvajal, Rosa M Infanzón, Sandra Gómez-Arroyo, Rafael Villalobos-Pietrini, Patricia Trujillo, Mary Maxwell Hart","doi":"10.1080/00039890409603423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00039890409603423","url":null,"abstract":"Samples of human blood sera (N = 118) for the determination of organochlorine pesticide levels were obtained at autopsy from auto accident victims in Veracruz, Mexico, during the years 2000 and 2001. The presence of hexachlorobenzene (HCH), beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH), 2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE), 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (p,p'-DDT), and o,p'-DDT was confirmed by gas-liquid-electron-capture detection chromatography. During the years 2000 and 2001, the respective mean levels of (a) HCB, (b) beta-HCH, (c) p,p'-DDE, (d) o,p'-DDT, (e) p,p'-DDT, and (f) total DDT were (a) 2.1 ng/ml and 1.4 ng/ml, (b) 3.0 ng/ml and 3.6 ng/ml, (c) 21.1 ng/ml and 23.8 ng/ml, (d) 1.2 ng/ml and 0.8 ng/ml, (e) 3.3 ng/ml and 2.5 ng/ml, and, finally, (f) 25.4 ng/ml and 27.1 ng/ml, respectively. High levels of persistent organochlorine pesticides were--and continue to be--present in the blood of individuals who live in Mexico. Levels of insecticide metabolites (e.g., beta-HCH, p,p'-DDE) in blood have increased during recent years (1997-2001), but levels of p,p'-DDT decreased in 2001 because the use of DDT for the control of malaria in Mexico was restricted.","PeriodicalId":8155,"journal":{"name":"Archives of environmental health","volume":"59 9","pages":"441-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00039890409603423","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25773549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Exhaled nitric oxide: sources of error in offline measurement. 呼出的一氧化氮:离线测量中的误差来源。

Archives of environmental health Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.3200/AEOH.59.8.385-391

William S Linn, Marisela Avila, Henry Gong

引用次数: 16

Somatic and psychological characteristics of noise-sensitive adults in Finland. 芬兰噪声敏感成年人的躯体和心理特征。

Archives of environmental health Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.3200/AEOH.59.8.410-417

Marja Heinonen-Guzejev, Heikki S Vuorinen, Helena Mussalo-Rauhamaa, Kauko Heikkilä, Markku Koskenvuo, Jaakko Kaprio

引用次数: 32

An evaluation of residual organochlorine pesticides in popular Indian herbal teas. 印度流行草药茶中有机氯农药残留量的评价。

Archives of environmental health Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.3200/AEOH.59.8.426-430

Vijay Naithani, Poonam Kakkar

{"title":"An evaluation of residual organochlorine pesticides in popular Indian herbal teas.","authors":"Vijay Naithani, Poonam Kakkar","doi":"10.3200/AEOH.59.8.426-430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3200/AEOH.59.8.426-430","url":null,"abstract":"Herbal preparations are gaining popularity worldwide because of their history of use and the belief that they are free of harmful side effects. Among the most popular products are herbal teas, which are marketed extensively with emphasis on their medicinal properties. At the same time, the World Health Organization has been emphasizing the need for quality assurance of herbal products, including testing for inadvertent contamination. The authors conducted a quality-assurance evaluation of residual organochlorine pesticides in some popular brands of Indian herbal teas. Organochlorine pesticide residue build-up from agricultural or storage practices was estimated with gas-liquid chromatography. The results revealed scant presence of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) or its metabolites; endosulfan--a highly toxic pesticide--was absent in all 8 brands of herbal teas studied. Hexachlorocyclohexane isomers were detected in 2 samples, but levels were below the permissible limit for pesticide residue in foods, as promulgated by the Codex Alimentarius Commission. The authors believe that all herbal preparations should be checked for toxic chemical residues to allay consumer fears of exposure to known neurotoxicant pesticides and to aid in promoting global acceptance of these products.","PeriodicalId":8155,"journal":{"name":"Archives of environmental health","volume":"59 8","pages":"426-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3200/AEOH.59.8.426-430","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25684809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Environmental exposure and fingernail analysis of arsenic and mercury in children and adults in a Nicaraguan gold mining community. 尼加拉瓜金矿社区儿童和成人砷和汞的环境暴露和指甲分析。

Archives of environmental health Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.3200/AEOH.59.8.400-409

Joel B Wickre, Carol L Folt, Stefan Sturup, Margaret R Karagas

{"title":"Environmental exposure and fingernail analysis of arsenic and mercury in children and adults in a Nicaraguan gold mining community.","authors":"Joel B Wickre, Carol L Folt, Stefan Sturup, Margaret R Karagas","doi":"10.3200/AEOH.59.8.400-409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3200/AEOH.59.8.400-409","url":null,"abstract":"Gold mining can release contaminants, including mercury, into the environment, and may increase exposure to naturally occurring elements such as arsenic. The authors investigated environmental and human tissue concentrations of arsenic and mercury in the gold mining town of Siuna, Nicaragua. The study involved 49 randomly selected households in Siuna, from whom a questionnaire along with environmental and fingernail samples were collected. Environmental samples indicated that mercury concentrations in drinking water, although generally low, were higher near the mine site. Arsenic concentrations were elevated in water and soil samples, but their distribution was unrelated to the mining site. Mercury concentrations in fingernail samples were correlated with residential proximity to the mine, drinking water concentrations, occupation, and, among children, with soil concentrations. Fingernail arsenic concentrations correlated with drinking water concentrations among adults who consumed higher levels, and with soil concentrations among children. Fingernail analysis helped to identify differential exposure pathways in children and adults. Mercury and arsenic uptake via soil exposure in children warrants further consideration.","PeriodicalId":8155,"journal":{"name":"Archives of environmental health","volume":"59 8","pages":"400-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3200/AEOH.59.8.400-409","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25684806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 65

Acute effects of noise on blood pressure and heart rate. 噪音对血压和心率的急性影响。

Archives of environmental health Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.3200/AEOH.59.8.392-399

Sally L Lusk, Brenda Gillespie, Bonnie M Hagerty, Rosemary A Ziemba

引用次数: 144

Effect of pesticide exposure on acetylcholinesterase activity in subsistence farmers from Campeche, Mexico. 农药暴露对墨西哥坎佩切自给农民乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的影响。

Archives of environmental health Pub Date : 2004-08-01 DOI: 10.3200/AEOH.59.8.418-425

Jaime Rendón von Osten, Centro Epomex, Rolando Tinoco-Ojanguren, Amadeu M V M Soares, Lucia Guilhermino

{"title":"Effect of pesticide exposure on acetylcholinesterase activity in subsistence farmers from Campeche, Mexico.","authors":"Jaime Rendón von Osten, Centro Epomex, Rolando Tinoco-Ojanguren, Amadeu M V M Soares, Lucia Guilhermino","doi":"10.3200/AEOH.59.8.418-425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3200/AEOH.59.8.418-425","url":null,"abstract":"The authors surveyed agricultural production methods and pesticide use among subsistence farmers (campesinos) in 4 rural communities of Campeche, Mexico. Self-reports of symptoms of poisoning resulting from occupational pesticide exposure were elicited by questionnaire (N = 121), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity during insecticide use was evaluated from blood samples (N = 127). In individuals from 2 of the 4 communities, AChE activity was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than the mean of activity determined for individuals in a reference group. Results of this study show that erythrocyte AChE inhibition provides a good biomarker of exposure to organophosphate pesticides in field studies with human populations. Carbamates, particularly carbofuran, seem to be more associated with exuberant and diversified symptomatology of pesticide exposure than organophosphates. Studies in field communities where both carbamates and organophosphates are suspected to exist should include blood AChE determinations, symptomatology surveys, and socioeconomic questionnaires. The authors recommend that the Mexican National Health Ministry authorities specify additional provisions regarding the use of protective equipment and the adoption of other safety practices during field work, increase information campaigns about the risks of pesticide use and the value of safety practices, and increase programs of medical monitoring and assistance for rural communities dealing with pesticides.","PeriodicalId":8155,"journal":{"name":"Archives of environmental health","volume":"59 8","pages":"418-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3200/AEOH.59.8.418-425","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25684808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 58

The vanilloid receptor as a putative target of diverse chemicals in multiple chemical sensitivity. 香草受体作为一种假定的靶点对多种化学物质具有多种化学敏感性。

Archives of environmental health Pub Date : 2004-07-01 DOI: 10.3200/AEOH.59.7.363-375

Martin L Pall, Julius H Anderson

引用次数: 43

Human health risks from arsenic in soils: does one model fit all? 土壤中砷对人类健康的风险:一个模型适合所有吗?

Archives of environmental health Pub Date : 2004-07-01 DOI: 10.3200/AEOH.59.7.337-341

Dibyendu Sarkar, Rupali Datta

引用次数: 13

Potential adverse health effects of low-level ionizing radiation exposure in a hospital setting. 在医院环境中低水平电离辐射暴露对健康的潜在不利影响。

Archives of environmental health Pub Date : 2004-07-01 DOI: 10.3200/AEOH.59.7.342-347

Chih-Ming Lin, I-Fang Mao

{"title":"Potential adverse health effects of low-level ionizing radiation exposure in a hospital setting.","authors":"Chih-Ming Lin, I-Fang Mao","doi":"10.3200/AEOH.59.7.342-347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3200/AEOH.59.7.342-347","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the authors investigated the short-term (i.e., 1-yr) health effects of low-level occupational and personal exposure to ionizing radiation in a hospital setting. Thyroid function, lung function, platelet count, and leukocyte classification were obtained for 142 ionizing radiation operators. In addition, individual exposure doses were measured. The mean annual cumulative dose in 25 exposed subjects was 6.0 +/- 10.1 millisieverts. The highest exposure ratio among 20 of 41 (49%) radioisotope operators was significantly higher than for other ionizing radiation workers. Abnormal leukocyte counts occurred in 26% of radio-diagnosis operators and 30% of radioisotope operators, compared with 15% for other potentially exposed operators. No significant relative risk was found in subjects with above-background exposures. However, the highly exposed population experienced elevations in thyroid stimulating hormone (adjusted odds ratio [ORa = 2.0; T3 [OR = 1.7]); mononuclear leukocytes (ORa = 2.4); and basophilic leukocytes (ORa = 2.0). Although the authors failed to find short-term health effects in hospital operators exposed annually to less than 6.0 millisieverts of ionizing radiation, additional protection would certainly be prudent for these operators.","PeriodicalId":8155,"journal":{"name":"Archives of environmental health","volume":"59 7","pages":"342-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3200/AEOH.59.7.342-347","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25671117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6