International journal of emergency mental health最新文献_第6页

A pilot investigation in constructing crisis communications: what leads to best practice? 构建危机沟通的试点调查:什么导致最佳实践?

International journal of emergency mental health Pub Date : 2013-01-01

Rachel M Firestone, George S Everly

引用次数: 0

An exploration and analysis on the timeliness of critical incident stress management interventions in healthcare. 医疗保健中重大事件应激管理干预的时效性探讨与分析。

International journal of emergency mental health Pub Date : 2013-01-01

Ross Priebe, Leah L Thomas-Olson

{"title":"An exploration and analysis on the timeliness of critical incident stress management interventions in healthcare.","authors":"Ross Priebe, Leah L Thomas-Olson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"There is debate in the literature regarding the definition and effectiveness of \"early\" critical incident stress management (CISM) interventions. Definitions range from interventions that take place within twelve hours (Everly and Mitchell, 1999; Stallard, Velleman, Salter & Howse, 2005) and up to a three month window (Bisson & Cohen, 2006). Others define early support as an intervention directly after an incident, before the individual leaves work and definitely before having their first sleep (Talbot, 1990; Snelgrove, 2000). Most CISM research is carried out in industries that do not have the same characteristics as healthcare namely, 24/7 operation and a strong female demographic. Therefore, given the lack of research evidence around the timeliness of CISM interventions in healthcare, this study examined the effect of early (< 24 hours post-incident) vs. late (> 24 hours post-incident) CISM interventions on stress reaction and employees perceptions of service. Although the subject population in each group was too small to show statistical significance, the quantitative data showed an overall trend that the early intervention group had lower mean scores for avoidance, intrusion and hyperarousal at all three time periods. Thematic analysis demonstrated both groups found the CISM intervention was beneficial and the timing appropriate.","PeriodicalId":81544,"journal":{"name":"International journal of emergency mental health","volume":"15 1","pages":"39-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31831530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Associations between protective factors and psychological distress vary by gender: the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Occupational Police Stress Study. 保护因素和心理困扰之间的关系因性别而异:布法罗心脏代谢职业警察压力研究。

International journal of emergency mental health Pub Date : 2013-01-01

Michael E Andrew, Anna Mnatsakanova, Janie L Howsare, Tara A Hartley, Luenda E Charles, Cecil M Burchfiel, Erin C McCanlies, John M Violanti

{"title":"Associations between protective factors and psychological distress vary by gender: the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Occupational Police Stress Study.","authors":"Michael E Andrew, Anna Mnatsakanova, Janie L Howsare, Tara A Hartley, Luenda E Charles, Cecil M Burchfiel, Erin C McCanlies, John M Violanti","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research by this group identified gender interactions between some protective factors and psychological distress in police officers. This study extends this result to include a larger sample of police officers and a more comprehensive list of protective factors. These results confirm the conclusion that the commitment dimension of hardiness appears to have a stronger protective association with psychological distress among women. Furthermore, an avoidant coping style appears to be somewhat more positively associated with psychological distress among women. The personality trait of openness was also positively associated more strongly with PTSD symptoms in women than in men, while the trait of agreeableness was significantly protective in women and not in men. Hostility was generally positively associated with psychological distress with stronger association for PTSD symptoms and hostility in women.","PeriodicalId":81544,"journal":{"name":"International journal of emergency mental health","volume":"15 4","pages":"277-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4680955/pdf/nihms742638.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32243203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lay mental health in the aftermath of disaster: preliminary evaluation of an intervention for Haiti earthquake survivors. 灾后心理健康:对海地地震幸存者干预措施的初步评估。

International journal of emergency mental health Pub Date : 2013-01-01

Leah Emily James, John Roger Noel

引用次数: 0

Military experience and levels of stress and coping in police officers. 警察的军事经验，压力水平和应对能力。

International journal of emergency mental health Pub Date : 2013-01-01

Tara A Hartley, John M Violanti, Anna Mnatsakanova, Michael E Andrew, Cecil M Burchfiel

{"title":"Military experience and levels of stress and coping in police officers.","authors":"Tara A Hartley, John M Violanti, Anna Mnatsakanova, Michael E Andrew, Cecil M Burchfiel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Policing is a stressful occupation and working in this environment may make officers more vulnerable to adverse psychological and physiological outcomes. The impact of prior military experience on work stress and coping strategies has not been well-studied in police. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine differences in levels of police-related stress and coping in officers with and without military experience. Participants were 452 police officers from the Buffalo Cardio-metabolic Occupational Police Stress Study Officers were categorized into three groups: non-military (n = 334), non-combat military (n = 84), and military with combat (n = 34). Age, sex and education adjusted levels of psychological stress and coping measures were compared across the three groups using ANCOVA. P-values were derived from post-hoc comparisons. Non-military police officers had significantly higher stress levels for physically and psychological threatening events compared to non-combat officers (p = 0.019). Non-military officers also reported experiencing significantly more organizational stressors and physically and psychologically threatening events in the past year than combat and non-combat officers (p < 0.05). Combat officers had significantly lower levels of planning and active coping styles compared to non-combat officers (p = 0.026, p = 0.032, respectively) and non-military officers (p = 0.010, p = 0.005, respectively). In summary, police officers without military experience reported experiencing more organizational and life-threatening events than officers who served in the military. Yet combat officers were less likely to utilize positive coping than non-combat and non-military officers. These findings demonstrate the potential positive influence of military experience on police stress. Further research is needed as military veterans return to police work.","PeriodicalId":81544,"journal":{"name":"International journal of emergency mental health","volume":"15 4","pages":"229-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4734366/pdf/nihms742672.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32240762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differences in mental health outcomes by acculturation status following a major urban disaster. 大城市灾难后不同文化背景的人心理健康结果的差异。

International journal of emergency mental health Pub Date : 2013-01-01

Richard E Adams, Joseph A Boscarino

{"title":"Differences in mental health outcomes by acculturation status following a major urban disaster.","authors":"Richard E Adams, Joseph A Boscarino","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"A number of studies have assessed the association between acculturation and psychological outcomes following a traumatic event. Some suggest that low acculturation is associated with poorer health outcomes, while others show no differences or that low acculturation is associated with better outcomes. One year after the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center, we surveyed a multi-ethnic population of New York City adults (N= 2,368). We assessed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depression, panic attack, anxiety symptoms, and general physical and mental health status. We classified study respondents into \"low,\" \"moderate,\" or \"high\" acculturation, based on survey responses. Bivariate results indicated that low acculturation individuals were more likely to experience negative life events, have low social support, and less likely to have pre-disaster mental health disorders. Those in the low acculturation group were also more likely to experience post-disaster perievent panic attacks, have higher anxiety, and have poorer mental health status. However, using logistic regression to control for confounding, and adjusting for multiple comparisons, we found that none of these outcomes were associated with acculturation status. Thus, our study suggests that acculturation was not associated with mental health outcomes following a major traumatic event.","PeriodicalId":81544,"journal":{"name":"International journal of emergency mental health","volume":"15 2","pages":"85-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4007276/pdf/nihms-554580.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32143875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mental health outcomes at the Jersey Shore after Hurricane Sandy. 飓风桑迪过后泽西海岸的心理健康状况。

International journal of emergency mental health Pub Date : 2013-01-01

Joseph A Boscarino, Stuart N Hoffman, H Lester Kirchner, Porat M Erlich, Richard E Adams, Charles R Figley, Ramon Solhkhah

{"title":"Mental health outcomes at the Jersey Shore after Hurricane Sandy.","authors":"Joseph A Boscarino, Stuart N Hoffman, H Lester Kirchner, Porat M Erlich, Richard E Adams, Charles R Figley, Ramon Solhkhah","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"On October 29, 2012, Hurricane Sandy made landfall in the most densely populated region in the US. In New Jersey, thousands of families were made homeless and entire communities were destroyed in the worst disaster in the history of the state. The economic impact of Sandy was huge, comparable to Hurricane Katrina. The areas that sustained the most damage were the small- to medium-sized beach communities along New Jersey's Atlantic coastline. Six months following the hurricane, we conducted a random telephone survey of 200 adults residing in 18 beach communities located in Monmouth County. We found that 14.5% (95% CI = 9.9-20.2) of these residents screened positive for PTSD and 6.0% (95% CI = 3.1-10.2) met criteria for major depression. Altogether 13.5% (95% CI = 9.1-19.0) received mental health counseling and 20.5% (95% CI = 15.1-26.8) sought some type of mental health support in person or online, rates similar to those reported in New York after the World Trade Center disaster In multivariate analyses, the best predictors of mental health status and service use were having high hurricane exposure levels, having physical health limitations, and having environmental health concerns. Research is needed to assess the mental health status and service use of Jersey Shore residents over time, to evaluate environmental health concerns, and to better understand the storm's impact among those with physical health limitations.","PeriodicalId":81544,"journal":{"name":"International journal of emergency mental health","volume":"15 3","pages":"147-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32144201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

National police suicide estimates: web surveillance study III. 国家警察自杀估计:网络监控研究III。

International journal of emergency mental health Pub Date : 2013-01-01

Andrew F O'Hara, John M Violanti, Richard L Levenson, Ronald G Clark

{"title":"National police suicide estimates: web surveillance study III.","authors":"Andrew F O'Hara, John M Violanti, Richard L Levenson, Ronald G Clark","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The present study is the third in a series of web surveillance of police suicides (prior analyses conducted in 2008 and 2009). In this age of world web communications, a police suicide in even the smallest and most remote community is generally transmitted nationally and through police websites, forums, and blogs. 55,000 police suicide specific web articles were reviewed over the entire year 2012 data was then compared with 2008 and 2009 police suicide data. There were 141 police suicides in 2008. Suicides declined from 143 in 2009 to 126 in 2012 (an 11.9% decrease). Across the three time periods, male and female suicides appeared to occur at a similar rate, averaging 92% and 6% respectively. In 2012, (1) suicides appeared to cluster more in the 40-44 year age group more than in previous years among officers of lower rank; (2) an increase in suicide was seen among officers with 15-19 years of service; (3) gunshots remained the most prevalent means of suicide across all three years (91.5%), and (4) personal problems appeared to be prevalent (83%) with work associated legal problems ranking second (13%). Approximately 11% of suicides were military veterans. California (n = 10) and New York (n = 12) had the highest police suicide rates. Four murder-suicides were noted over the entire year. Suggestions for suicide preventive policies, improving police mental health, and future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":81544,"journal":{"name":"International journal of emergency mental health","volume":"15 1","pages":"31-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31831529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Children of National Guard troops: a pilot study of deployment, patriotism, and media coverage. 国民警卫队的孩子们:部署、爱国主义和媒体报道的试点研究。

International journal of emergency mental health Pub Date : 2013-01-01

Betty Pfefferbaum, Haekyung Jeon-Slaughter, Anne K Jacobs, J Brian Houston

{"title":"Children of National Guard troops: a pilot study of deployment, patriotism, and media coverage.","authors":"Betty Pfefferbaum, Haekyung Jeon-Slaughter, Anne K Jacobs, J Brian Houston","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"This exploratory pilot study examined the psychosocial effects of the war in Iraq, patriotism, and attention to war-related media coverage in the children of National Guard troops across phases of parental deployment--pre deployment, during deployment, and post deployment. Participants included 11 children, ages 8 to 18 years. Data collected in each deployment phase included demographics, the Behavior Assessment System for Children, (Second Edition, BASC-2), patriotism (national identity, uncritical patriotism, and constructive patriotism), and attention to war-related media coverage. School problems and emotional symptoms were significantly higher during deployment than post deployment. National identity and constructive patriotism increased and uncritical patriotism decreased post deployment from levels during deployment. Uncritical patriotism correlated positively with emotional symptoms and correlated negatively with personal adjustment. Constructive patriotism correlated positively with emotional symptoms and with internalizing problems. Greater attention to war-related media coverage correlated with uncritical patriotism, and attention to internet coverage correlated with constructive patriotism. Attention to media coverage was linked to greater emotional and behavioral problems and was negatively correlated with personal adjustment. The results of this pilot study identified relationships of both patriotism and attention to media coverage with children's emotional and behavioral status and personal adjustment suggesting areas for future investigation.","PeriodicalId":81544,"journal":{"name":"International journal of emergency mental health","volume":"15 2","pages":"129-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32143878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association of traumatic police event exposure with sleep quality and quantity in the BCOPS Study cohort. BCOPS研究队列中创伤性警察事件暴露与睡眠质量和睡眠量的关系

International journal of emergency mental health Pub Date : 2013-01-01

Jonathan Bond, Tara A Hartley, Khachatur Sarkisian, Michael E Andrew, Luenda E Charles, John M Violanti, Cecil M Burchfiel

{"title":"Association of traumatic police event exposure with sleep quality and quantity in the BCOPS Study cohort.","authors":"Jonathan Bond, Tara A Hartley, Khachatur Sarkisian, Michael E Andrew, Luenda E Charles, John M Violanti, Cecil M Burchfiel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Police officers are exposed to traumatic and life-threatening events, which may lead to sleep problems. Prior studies of police officers have found them to have poor sleep quality and reduced sleep time. This study examined associations between traumatic events and sleep quality. Participants were 372 police officers from the Buffalo Cardio-metabolic Occupational Police Stress (BCOPS) Study. Police incidents were measured by the Police Incident Survey; sleep quality and quantity were derived from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to examine mean PSQI scores across categories of traumatic event frequency. Models were adjusted for age, education and ethnicity and stratified by sex and workload. In men, significant associations were found for the 'shooting of another officer' and sleep quality (p-value = 0.024) and sleep disturbances (p-value = 0.022). In women, seeing more 'abused children' was associated with poorer sleep quality (p-value = 0.050); increasing frequency of 'seeing victims of a serious traffic accident' was associated with shorter sleep duration (p-value = 0.032). Increased frequency of 'seeing dead bodies' was associated with poorer sleep quality (p-value = 0.040) and shorter sleep duration (p-value = 0.048). Among women with a high workload, a significant inverse association was found between 'seeing serious traffic accident victims' and global sleep quality (p-value = 0.031). In conclusion, a significant inverse association between frequency of select traumatic events and sleep quality was found in male and female police officers. The significant events differed by sex. Future research could examine longitudinal associations between career-long traumatic event exposures and sleep quality and how these associations differ by sex.","PeriodicalId":81544,"journal":{"name":"International journal of emergency mental health","volume":"15 4","pages":"255-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4686131/pdf/nihms-742455.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32240767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0