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Lactation Cessation and the Realities of Martyrdom in The Passion of Saint Perpetua 《圣佩尔佩尔马受难录》中停止哺乳和殉难的现实
Illinois classical studies Pub Date : 2017-08-30 DOI: 10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0245
S. Dova
{"title":"Lactation Cessation and the Realities of Martyrdom in The Passion of Saint Perpetua","authors":"S. Dova","doi":"10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0245","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the significance of breastfeeding in the self-definition of Perpetua, author and protagonist of the Passio Perpetuae et Felicitatis. Through close readings of all relevant passages, this discussion intends to demonstrate that Perpetua's desire to continue nursing her son in prison as well as her eventual resignation to lactation cessation exemplify her struggle to balance her roles as mother and martyr. By illustrating how motherhood foreshadows martyrdom in the Passio, this analysis also highlights the narrator's thorough knowledge of the realities of breastfeeding as an argument that further supports female authorship.","PeriodicalId":81501,"journal":{"name":"Illinois classical studies","volume":"42 1","pages":"245 - 265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43434408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Altera Roma: Livy's Variations on a Ciceronian Theme 罗马:李维对西塞罗主题的变奏曲
Illinois classical studies Pub Date : 2017-08-30 DOI: 10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0061
Joanna Kenty
{"title":"Altera Roma: Livy's Variations on a Ciceronian Theme","authors":"Joanna Kenty","doi":"10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0061","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In narrating Rome's victory over Capua in the Hannibalic War, Livy engages substantially with Cicero's three orations De Lege Agraria as an intertext, and in particular with Cicero's argument that moral corruption caused political dysfunction in Capua. Livy makes this a central theme, not only of his narrative of the city's fall in Book 26, but of earlier events in the city, as early as Book 4. Livy's portrayal of popularis demagoguery in Capua also evokes Cicero's arguments against popularis agrarian laws. Capua is thus set up, via intertextual engagement with Cicero, as an ominous precursor to Rome in Livy's day.","PeriodicalId":81501,"journal":{"name":"Illinois classical studies","volume":"42 1","pages":"61 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46959575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
"Boxing as a Stoic Paradigm": A Philosophical Reading of the Fight between Amycus and Pollux in Valerius Flaccus' Argonautica (4.199–343) with a View to Seneca's De Ira “拳击是斯多葛主义的范式”——从塞涅卡的《德伊拉》看弗拉库斯的《阿尔戈》（4.199-343）中Amycus与Pollux之争的哲学解读
Illinois classical studies Pub Date : 2017-08-30 DOI: 10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0163
Th Antoniadis
{"title":"\"Boxing as a Stoic Paradigm\": A Philosophical Reading of the Fight between Amycus and Pollux in Valerius Flaccus' Argonautica (4.199–343) with a View to Seneca's De Ira","authors":"Th Antoniadis","doi":"10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0163","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In his version of the bout between Amycus and Pollux, which culminates the Argonauts' stopover at Bebrycia in Argonautica 4, Valerius Flaccus is evoking a well-known epic tradition of boxing matches. Simultaneously, he appears to be reworking those model texts with the same protagonists \"in the ring,\" by adding further elements from Homer, Vergil, and Ovid that bring Amycus closer to other terrifying creatures of epic such as Polyphemus and Cacus. However, the portrayal of Amycus' almost inexplicable furor and ira bears some discernible Stoic influences: the symptoms that, according to Seneca's theory in his treatise De Ira, are exhibited by a volatile man who, having lost his self-control and reasoning, is prone to anger and its devastating effects. On the contrary, Pollux's more calculating tactic during the fight reveals the kind of rational perceptiveness of a Stoic sage which gradually paves the way for his feat. Overall, the boxing match itself introduces a philosophical element to Valerius' source material that propels the reader to assess the whole episode both through its intertextual and intratextual dynamics.","PeriodicalId":81501,"journal":{"name":"Illinois classical studies","volume":"42 1","pages":"163 - 181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49303965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Introduction: Wet-Nursing and Breastfeeding in Greece and Rome 简介：希腊和罗马的湿法护理和母乳喂养
Illinois classical studies Pub Date : 2017-08-30 DOI: 10.5406/illiclasstud.42.1.0183
C. Marshall
{"title":"Introduction: Wet-Nursing and Breastfeeding in Greece and Rome","authors":"C. Marshall","doi":"10.5406/illiclasstud.42.1.0183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/illiclasstud.42.1.0183","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81501,"journal":{"name":"Illinois classical studies","volume":"42 1","pages":"183 - 184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46525332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Statius Siluae 3.2: Reading Travel 志留纪3.2：阅读旅行
Illinois classical studies Pub Date : 2017-08-30 DOI: 10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0083
M. Putnam
{"title":"Statius Siluae 3.2: Reading Travel","authors":"M. Putnam","doi":"10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0083","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This essay offers a close examination of Statius's Silvae 3.2, a propempticon for Maecius Celer. Using earlier Latin farewell poems as intellectual background, I illustrate the poet's originality. In particular I watch how he makes use of different genres, such as lyric and epic, and especially of the Aeneid, as he crafts a meditation on a series of curricula vitae that illuminate Celer's own voyage. Figures involved include Cleopatra and Alexander the Great as well as Virgil himself and his characters, Aeneas and Dido.","PeriodicalId":81501,"journal":{"name":"Illinois classical studies","volume":"42 1","pages":"139 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45157967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Breastfeeding in Greek Literature and Thought 希腊文学和思想中的母乳喂养
Illinois classical studies Pub Date : 2017-08-30 DOI: 10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0185
C. Marshall
{"title":"Breastfeeding in Greek Literature and Thought","authors":"C. Marshall","doi":"10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0185","url":null,"abstract":"This discussion presents a survey of scenes involving breastfeeding and wet-nursing from Homer to Menander. It demonstrates that male authors and their audiences understood the physiology of breastfeeding and used that knowledge to create nuanced, complicated situations in (especially) Homer's Odyssey, Aeschylus' Libation Bearers, Euripides' Hypsipyle, and Menander's Samia. This added verisimilitude such as that seen in Plutarch's consolation to his wife on the death of their child. As such, the realities associated with maternal and non-maternal breastfeeding shaped the reception of the plays in their own right, and it is possible to isolate crucial moments in several literary works where this impacts interpretation.","PeriodicalId":81501,"journal":{"name":"Illinois classical studies","volume":"42 1","pages":"185 - 201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42407335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
Kapêloi and Economic Rationality in Fourth-Century B.C.E. Athens Kapêloi与公元前4世纪雅典的经济理性
Illinois classical studies Pub Date : 2017-08-30 DOI: 10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0041
M. Leese
{"title":"Kapêloi and Economic Rationality in Fourth-Century B.C.E. Athens","authors":"M. Leese","doi":"10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0041","url":null,"abstract":"Though extremely important within the debate over the ancient economy, economic rationality has been the focus of little empirical analysis, and scholars are still sharply divided over this critical issue. The behavior of kapêloi in fourth-century B.C.E. Athens, however, which has been largely neglected in debates over economic rationality, provides new insights into the problem. This behavior both constitutes some of the most compelling evidence that ancient Greeks did behave in an economically rational manner and reveals that the behavior of individuals and the performance of the overall economic system also operated according to the rules of modern economic theory.","PeriodicalId":81501,"journal":{"name":"Illinois classical studies","volume":"42 1","pages":"41 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42469861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Adult Breastfeeding in Ancient Rome 古罗马的成人母乳喂养
Illinois classical studies Pub Date : 2017-08-30 DOI: 10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0227
Tara Mulder
{"title":"Adult Breastfeeding in Ancient Rome","authors":"Tara Mulder","doi":"10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0227","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines possible connections between historical-mythological depictions of women breastfeeding their own parents, ancient pharmacological uses of human breast milk, and the columna lactaria (\"lactation column\"). By looking at accounts of the adult consumption of human breast milk in conjunction with medical writings about the nutritional and curative properties of the substance, I argue that there could have been a practice of distributing and consuming human breast milk in the ancient Roman world. Mythological stories of lactating women feeding their incarcerated parents show that adult consumption of human breast milk at Rome was viewed as something amazing, though not completely bizarre. In fact, literary sources show that attitudes towards adult breastfeeding were similar to attitudes towards women nursing their own children—a practice that was thought to display familial piety. Further, medical sources from the time period argue for the superiority of breast milk to other ingestible substances for curing various ailments. Finally, the columna lactaria, though poorly attested, gives us a possible location for an ancient marketplace for congress between those with breast milk to sell and those looking to buy.","PeriodicalId":81501,"journal":{"name":"Illinois classical studies","volume":"42 1","pages":"227 - 243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41344474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The Hesiodic Shield of Heracles: The Text as Nightmarish Vision 赫拉克勒斯的赫西奥德之盾：噩梦般的视觉文本
Illinois classical studies Pub Date : 2017-08-30 DOI: 10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0001
William Brockliss
{"title":"The Hesiodic Shield of Heracles: The Text as Nightmarish Vision","authors":"William Brockliss","doi":"10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.42.1.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This paper seeks to account for the anomalous qualities of the Hesiodic Shield of Heracles, and particularly of the shield-description within the poem. Drawing on Khapaeva's analysis of the nightmare in literature, I argue that the shield-description develops a nightmarish aesthetics: with its horrific themes, intense visuality, and broken structures, the description imitates a nightmare. Moreover, it encourages listeners to immerse themselves in the nightmarish world that it creates.","PeriodicalId":81501,"journal":{"name":"Illinois classical studies","volume":"42 1","pages":"1 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46973739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Early Greek Capacity for Viewing Things Separately 早期希腊人独立观察事物的能力
Illinois classical studies Pub Date : 2017-02-22 DOI: 10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.41.2.0477
B. Perry
{"title":"The Early Greek Capacity for Viewing Things Separately","authors":"B. Perry","doi":"10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.41.2.0477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5406/ILLICLASSTUD.41.2.0477","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81501,"journal":{"name":"Illinois classical studies","volume":"41 1","pages":"477 - 494"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44136546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
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