J. Bašić, V. Milošević, B. Djordjevic, N. Stefanović, Marija Cvetkovic, T. Jevtović-Stoimenov, I. Stojanovic
{"title":"Association of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele in a Serbian population with Alzheimer’s dementia","authors":"J. Bašić, V. Milošević, B. Djordjevic, N. Stefanović, Marija Cvetkovic, T. Jevtović-Stoimenov, I. Stojanovic","doi":"10.2298/abs230614026b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/abs230614026b","url":null,"abstract":"Although single nucleotide polymorphisms rs429358 and rs7412 in the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) are widely investigated to analyze APOE alleles, there are no data on their association with Alzheimer?s disease (AD) dementia in a Serbian population. This study aimed to investigate the distribution of APOE ?2/?3/?4 alleles in patients with dementia due to AD and cognitively unimpaired subjects and to assess the association of the APOE ?4 allele with disease risk in the Serbian population. A case-control study included patients with dementia due to AD and cognitively unimpaired individuals. APOE rs429358 and rs7412 were analyzed using the Real-Time PCR method with allelespecific TaqMan assays, followed by APOE ?2/?3/?4 allele carrier status analysis. Patients had a significantly higher frequency of the APOE ?4 allele than the control group (P<0.001). The APOE ?4 allele was found to be associated with a 3-fold higher risk of AD dementia compared to the reference ?3 allele (P<0.001). In conclusion, this is the first study to suggest that carriers of the APOE ?4 allele have a higher risk of developing dementia due to AD than those who carry the APOE ?3 allele in the Serbian population.","PeriodicalId":8145,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68390704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genetic characteristics of the Dreissena polymorpha population in Latvia (Lake Rāzna) as part of the European population","authors":"A. Morozova, N. Shkute","doi":"10.2298/abs230202011m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/abs230202011m","url":null,"abstract":"The zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha is widely distributed in Europe. The expansion of zebra mussels has a negative impact on the native biota of lakes or rivers. Studies of the genetic structure of populations allow the identification of the current state of this invasive species in Latvia as a part of the European population. Despite the increasing importance of microsatellites in studies of population genetics, there is a lack of such data on D. polymorpha in Latvia. The present study investigates the genetic population structure of zebra mussels using six microsatellite loci as follows: DpolA6, Dpo260, Dpo272, Dpo101, Dpo221 and Dpo04 from Lake R?zna. The microsatellite loci in the investigated population have a high polymorphism and number of alleles. Allelic diversity at all described loci was high, ranging from 4 to 20 alleles per locus. The mean observed heterozygosity was 0.58 and the mean expected heterozygosity was 0.70. A high genetic diversity enables species to adapt to changing environments.","PeriodicalId":8145,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68390261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Role of adenosine triphosphate and protein kinase a in the force-frequency relationship in isolated rat cardiomyocytes","authors":"Nihal Ozturk, O. Erkan, S. Uslu, S. Ozdemir","doi":"10.2298/abs221213004o","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/abs221213004o","url":null,"abstract":"The physiological heart rate of rodents is around 4-6 Hz, although a stimulus frequency of 1 Hz is generally used in isolated cardiomyocytes to study changes in the contraction-relaxation cycle in cardiac muscle physiology and pathophysiology. Our study investigated the contraction parameters in isolated cardiomyocytes at 1, 2 and 4 Hz stimulation, and the roles of ATP and protein kinase A (PKA) in the force-frequency relationship in isolated cardiomyocytes. The contraction of the cell and intracellular Ca2+ changes were recorded simultaneously during cell stimulation by applying pulses of 6-8 V amplitude with frequencies of 1, 2 and 4 Hz. The increase in stimulus frequency caused a significant decrease in the percentage of shortening, relaxation times, slowing of the relaxation rate, and a significant increase in diastolic Ca2+ levels, but had no effect on the contraction rate and Ca2+ transients. Administration of ATP and N6-benzoyladenosine-3?-5?-cyclic monophosphate (6-BNZcAMP) caused an increase in contraction amplitude and speed which were proportional to the stimulus frequency but had no effect on the relaxation times. The experimental results show that the forcestimulus frequency has a negative correlation in isolated myocytes and that energy metabolism and the ?-adrenergic system may be responsible for this relationship.","PeriodicalId":8145,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68390559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Validation and characterization of murine gammaherpesvirus 68 antisense transcripts by northern blot analysis and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR","authors":"M. Kara","doi":"10.2298/abs230407016k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/abs230407016k","url":null,"abstract":"The transcription of mammalian genomes exhibits an intriguing complexity and numerous novel RNA molecules have been identified. Viruses with large DNA genomes, especially herpesviruses, generate many different RNA species, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Dense viral genomes can generate multigenic transcripts in addition to commonly observed antisense transcripts. It is essential to study the biological roles of these transcripts aside from the protein-coding counterparts. Multiple antisense transcripts from the open reading frame (ORF) 63-64 locus in murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68) were detected by northern blotting. Expression analysis by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) did not detect different isoforms. Several alternative splicing isoforms exist during lytic replication; however, they are not detected during latency. To identify the roles of these new transcripts, qRT-PCR may not be enough and should be supported by an alternative method such as northern blotting. A more detailed transcriptional map of the locus of interest is useful to design experimental strategies and perform functional studies, especially when working with gene-dense viral genomes.","PeriodicalId":8145,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68390603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katarina Zecevic, Ivana Stankovic, Branka Petrovic, Branka Krstic
{"title":"Molecular characterization and differentiation of cucumber mosaic virus subgroups in Serbia by RT-PCR-RFLP","authors":"Katarina Zecevic, Ivana Stankovic, Branka Petrovic, Branka Krstic","doi":"10.2298/abs230718035z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/abs230718035z","url":null,"abstract":"Samples of various host plants from different locations in Serbia showing foliar symptoms resembling those caused by the cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) were collected. Samples were considered CMV-infected after detection by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). Fifteen CMV isolates were selected for developing a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) protocol and a more detailed molecular characterization of all five genes. Based on in silico RFLP, the following restriction enzymes were selected: HindIII, SacII (1a gene), MluI (2a gene), StuI, SalI (2b gene), BaeI (movement protein (MP) gene of CMV), SfcI, and HaeIII (capsid protein (CP) gene), which were capable of distinguishing between subgroups of CMV based on the obtained characteristic restriction patterns. According to in situ RFLP, the predominant haplotype IA; IA, IA; IA, IA was determined in 14, while the distinct haplotype II; II, II; II, II was found in only one isolate. Sequence analyses of two selected Serbian CMV isolates with different restriction patterns and haplotype profiles confirmed the RFLP results, showing that isolates 674-11 and 137-13 belong to subgroups IA and II, respectively. Different restriction patterns after digestion of all five CMV genomic regions proved to be a simple way to investigate the natural population of CMV. This study provides insight into the genetic structure of the CMV population in Serbia.","PeriodicalId":8145,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135913180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shahin Imran, Asif Mahamud, Paul Chandra, Jotirmoy Chakrobortty, Prosenjit Sarker, Shipan Paul, T Tahjib-Ul-Arif, Rhaman Saidur
{"title":"Seed priming and exogenous application of citric acid enhance seedling growth and photosynthetic pigments and mitigate oxidative damage of soybean (Glycine max) under salt stress","authors":"Shahin Imran, Asif Mahamud, Paul Chandra, Jotirmoy Chakrobortty, Prosenjit Sarker, Shipan Paul, T Tahjib-Ul-Arif, Rhaman Saidur","doi":"10.2298/abs230804033i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/abs230804033i","url":null,"abstract":"Seed priming and citric acid (CA) supplementation on germination and seedling growth of soybeans were investigated. Soybean seeds were primed with distilled water (control), 1 mM CA (CA1), or 2 mM CA (CA2) and then placed for germination in Petri dishes containing distilled water or 150 mM NaCl (SS), alone or in combination with 1 mM or 2 mM CA. Germinated seeds were placed in hydroponic pots using a similar treatment regimen to that specified for the Petri dishes to obtain seedling growth and biochemical parameters. Salt stress significantly lowered germination, growth traits, relative water content (RWC), and photosynthetic pigment. When soybean seeds were primed with CA under salt stress, the germination rate, final germination percentage, seed vigor index, and number of lateral roots significantly increased. Moreover, supplementation of CA significantly increased fresh and dry shoot and root weight, plant height, RWC, and photosynthetic pigments compared to salt-treated plants. The results also displayed that salt stress considerably increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents compared to control plants. Spraying of CA1 and CA2 significantly lowered the levels of H2O2 and MDA in salt-treated plants. Both hierarchical clustering and PCA revealed that the effects of salt stress and CA on germination, growth characteristics, photosynthetic pigments, H2O2, and MDA concentrations strongly interacted with one another. According to the findings, CA could be applied as a seed priming and exogenous agent to help soybeans grow more quickly when exposed to salt stress.","PeriodicalId":8145,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135913531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Iossi, Júnior Vieira, C. Caitano, S. Da, Palú de, Reges Heirinchs, A. Pardo-Giménez, D. Zied
{"title":"Macromineral consumption by Pleurotus ostreatus var. Florida in different straws","authors":"M. Iossi, Júnior Vieira, C. Caitano, S. Da, Palú de, Reges Heirinchs, A. Pardo-Giménez, D. Zied","doi":"10.2298/abs221230002i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/abs221230002i","url":null,"abstract":"Organic agricultural waste is successfully used in the production of mushrooms as it promotes the reuse of resources and increases food production. For the formulation of the substrate for Pleurotus spp. production, the availability of nutrients must be rigorously analyzed to assess whether supplementation is necessary. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the agronomic behavior of Pleurotus ostreatus var. Florida when grown on different straws and to analyze nutrient dynamics at the beginning and end of cultivation. Straws of rice, wheat and brachiaria were used as substrates without any supplementation. The yields, biological efficiency, number and weights of mushrooms were evaluated in two crop cycles. Rice straw provided a higher yield, better biological efficiency and a greater number of mushrooms in both cultures. Wheat straw showed intermediate results for the same variables. None of the substrates showed a significant difference for mushroom weight. In the first crop, only Mg and the number of mushrooms exhibited a positive correlation; in the second crop, only K and the yield of the 1st flush showed a positive correlation. With this study, it was possible to demonstrate that agricultural residues with higher levels of K increase P. ostreatus yield, and that Mg management affects the number of mushrooms for harvesting. The results will be a useful guide for efficient and sustainable mineral supplementation of the substrate.","PeriodicalId":8145,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68390122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mary Murithi, S. Nyanjom, V. Mobegi, S. Shahin, Francis Makokha
{"title":"Association of rs4646903 and rs1048943 CYP1A1 estrogen metabolizing gene polymorphisms with estrogen receptorpositive breast cancer in Kenyan women","authors":"Mary Murithi, S. Nyanjom, V. Mobegi, S. Shahin, Francis Makokha","doi":"10.2298/abs230115005m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/abs230115005m","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is the most prevalent neoplasm and the second leading cause of death among females in Kenya. Estrogen and its metabolites are known risk factors for breast cancer. Polymorphisms in these genes and breast cancer susceptibility are unique among different populations. This study aimed to determine the probable associations between estrogen-metabolizing gene variations and other risk factors for breast cancer risk in Kenyan women. Buffy coat samples were obtained from patients diagnosed with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, benign breast disease, and healthy volunteers. Genotyping of target polymorphisms was conducted using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. The rs4646903 variant genotype CC was associated with breast cancer in the case-control model (P=0.001); the heterozygous genotype TC (P=0.01) and the luminal B molecular subtype (P=0.02) showed increased odds of late-stage breast cancer. The rs1048943 variant genotype GG was associated with breast cancer in the case-benign model (P=0.04), whereas CG was associated with breast cancer in the case-control model (P=0.02). These findings imply that the rs4646903 and rs1048943 variant genotypes are involved in breast cancer risk in Kenyan women. Hence, they may be explored further as potential markers for the disease.","PeriodicalId":8145,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68390185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Isidor Grdovic, M. Kovacevic, G. Andrejic, Ž. Dželetović, T. Rakić
{"title":"Typha latifolia resilience to high metal stress: Antioxidant response in plants from mine and flotation tailing ponds","authors":"Isidor Grdovic, M. Kovacevic, G. Andrejic, Ž. Dželetović, T. Rakić","doi":"10.2298/abs230629028g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/abs230629028g","url":null,"abstract":"Typha latifolia (cattail) forms natural stands in the transition zone of artificial flotation and mine tailings ponds and is contaminated with extremely high concentrations of metals. We assessed the absorption capacity of the plant, metal transfer to leaves, and the effects of elevatedmetal concentrations on antioxidant enzyme activities. Soil acidity, the pseudo-total and available metal content of the substrate, and metal concentrations in plants were examined. The effects of elevated metal concentrations in plants on antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, glutathione reductase) were assessed. Cattails exhibited high metal accumulation levels in roots and a low transfer rate to the leaves. The effects of metal concentrations on antioxidant enzyme activities were found to depend on the type of enzyme, metal concentrations in the plant and their molar ratios, as well as on the pH of the substrate. High activities of antioxidant enzymes indicate increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and show that metal detoxification mechanisms are insufficient to restrain their toxicity. Pronounced resistance to elevated metal concentrations and high efficiency in metal phytostabilization show that cattail could be a valuable component of biological treatment systems for removing metals from multi-metal and heavily contaminated substrates in the pH range from ultra-acidic to neutral.","PeriodicalId":8145,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68390825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heba Ahmed, Nagham Mostafa, Eman Elariny, Rania Ahmed
{"title":"Molecular characterization of potentially virulent multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis isolated from acquired urinary tract infections in Egyptian patients","authors":"Heba Ahmed, Nagham Mostafa, Eman Elariny, Rania Ahmed","doi":"10.2298/abs230630030a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/abs230630030a","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, 154 urine samples were collected from urinary tract infections\u0000 (UTIs) of hospitalized patients, with 43 (28%) positive for the presence of\u0000 Enterococcus faecalis without detection of Enterococcus faecium. Based on\u0000 the demographic data associated with UTI patients, the prevalence of E.\u0000 faecalis among females was higher than among males in the age group ?41\u0000 years; cases from rural areas showed higher infection than from urban\u0000 localities. Patients not treated with antibiotics were 2.8-fold more likely\u0000 to be infected with E. faecalis than patients who received antibiotics. At\u0000 the molecular level, the genes encoding the virulence determinants in E.\u0000 faecalis, including cytolysins (cylA, cylB and cylM), gelatinase (gelE), E.\u0000 faecalis antigen A (efaA), extracellular surface protein (esp), aggregation\u0000 substance (asa) and collagen binding adhesion (ace) were determined using\u0000 SYBR green real-time PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that\u0000 almost all strains were multidrug-resistant, with an average multiple\u0000 antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of 0.55. The colorimetric microtiter plate\u0000 assay showed that 56% of the strains were biofilm producers. A significant\u0000 correlation was observed between strong biofilm formation and the presence\u0000 of cylB and cylM genes. Multidrug-resistant E. faecalis and its virulence\u0000 potential and biofilm formation ability pose a risk to UTI patients.","PeriodicalId":8145,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135549421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}