Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics最新文献_第3页

The Evolution of Massive Binary Stars 大质量双星的演变

IF 33.3 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-astro-052722-105936

Pablo Marchant, Julia Bodensteiner

{"title":"The Evolution of Massive Binary Stars","authors":"Pablo Marchant, Julia Bodensteiner","doi":"10.1146/annurev-astro-052722-105936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-052722-105936","url":null,"abstract":"Massive stars play a major role in the evolution of their host galaxies and serve as important probes of the distant Universe. It has been established that the majority of massive stars reside in close binaries and interact with their companion stars during their lifetimes. Such interactions drastically alter their life cycles and complicate our understanding of their evolution, but are also responsible for the production of interesting and exotic interaction products. ▪ Extensive observation campaigns with well-understood detection sensitivities have enabled the conversion of observed properties into intrinsic characteristics, facilitating a direct comparison to theory. ▪ Studies of large samples of massive stars in our Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds have unveiled new types of interaction products, providing critical constraints on the mass transfer phase and the formation of compact objects. ▪ The direct detection of gravitational waves has revolutionized the study of stellar mass compact objects, providing a new window to study massive star evolution. Their formation processes are, however, still unclear. The known sample of compact object mergers will increase by orders of magnitude in the coming decade, which is vastly outgrowing the number of stellar-mass compact objects detected through electromagnetic radiation. ","PeriodicalId":8138,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":33.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140621588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introduction 介绍

IF 33.3 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics Pub Date : 2023-08-18 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-aa-61-070323-100001

R. Kennicutt, E. V. van Dishoeck

引用次数: 0

Hydrodynamical Simulations of the Galaxy Population: Enduring Successes and Outstanding Challenges 银河系种群的流体动力学模拟：持久的成功和突出的挑战

IF 33.3 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-astro-041923-043618

R. Crain, F. Voort

{"title":"Hydrodynamical Simulations of the Galaxy Population: Enduring Successes and Outstanding Challenges","authors":"R. Crain, F. Voort","doi":"10.1146/annurev-astro-041923-043618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-041923-043618","url":null,"abstract":"We review the progress in modeling the galaxy population in hydrodynamical simulations of the ΛCDM cosmogony. State-of-the-art simulations now broadly reproduce the observed spatial clustering of galaxies; the distributions of key characteristics, such as mass, size, and SFR; and scaling relations connecting diverse properties to mass. Such improvements engender confidence in the insight drawn from simulations. Many important outcomes, however, particularly the properties of circumgalactic gas, are sensitive to the details of the subgrid models used to approximate the macroscopic effects of unresolved physics, such as feedback processes. We compare the outcomes of leading simulation suites with observations, and with each other, to identify the enduring successes they have cultivated and the outstanding challenges to be tackled with the next generation of models. Our key conclusions include the following: ▪ Realistic galaxies can be reproduced by calibrating the ill-constrained parameters of subgrid feedback models. Feedback is dominated by stars and black holes in low-mass and high mass galaxies, respectively. ▪ Adjusting or disabling the processes implemented in simulations can elucidate their impact on observables, but outcomes can be degenerate. ▪ Similar galaxy populations can emerge in simulations with dissimilar feedback implementations. However, these models generally predict markedly different gas flow rates into, and out of, galaxies and their halos. CGM observations are thus a promising means of breaking this degeneracy and guiding the development of new feedback models. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 61 is August 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8138,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":33.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47355078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

New Insights from Imaging Spectroscopy of Solar Radio Emission 太阳射电发射成像光谱学的新见解

IF 33.3 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-astro-071221-052744

D. Gary

{"title":"New Insights from Imaging Spectroscopy of Solar Radio Emission","authors":"D. Gary","doi":"10.1146/annurev-astro-071221-052744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-071221-052744","url":null,"abstract":"Newly available high-resolution imaging of solar radio emission at many closely spaced frequencies and times provides new physical insight into the processes, structure, and dynamics of the solar atmosphere. The observational advances have spurred renewed interest in topics dating from the early days of solar radio astronomy and have led to considerable advances in our knowledge. Highlights of recent advances include the following: ▪ Quantitatively measuring the dynamic magnetic field strength, particle acceleration, and hot thermal plasma at the heart of solar flares and hinting at the processes that relate them. ▪ Resolving in space and time the energization and transport of electrons in a wide range of contexts. ▪ Mapping the magnetized thermal plasma structure of the solar chromosphere and corona over a substantial range of heights in active and quiet regions of the Sun. This review explains why solar radio imaging spectroscopy is so powerful, describes the body of recent results, and outlines the future work needed to fully realize its potential. The application of radio imaging spectroscopy to stars and planets is also briefly reviewed. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 61 is August 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8138,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":33.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48801813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Protoplanetary Disk Chemistry 原行星盘化学

IF 33.3 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics Pub Date : 2023-06-07 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-astro-022823-040820

K. Oberg, S. Facchini, D. Anderson

{"title":"Protoplanetary Disk Chemistry","authors":"K. Oberg, S. Facchini, D. Anderson","doi":"10.1146/annurev-astro-022823-040820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-022823-040820","url":null,"abstract":"Planets form in disks of gas and dust around young stars. The disk molecular reservoirs and their chemical evolution affect all aspects of planet formation, from the coagulation of dust grains into pebbles to the elemental and molecular compositions of the mature planet. Disk chemistry also enables unique probes of disk structures and dynamics, including those directly linked to ongoing planet formation. We review the protoplanetary disk chemistry of the volatile elements H, O, C, N, S, and P; the associated observational and theoretical methods; and the links between disk and planet chemical compositions. Three takeaways from this review are: ▪ The disk chemical composition, including the organic reservoirs, is set by both inheritance and in situ chemistry. ▪ Disk gas and solid O/C/N/H elemental ratios often deviate from stellar values due to a combination of condensation of molecular carriers, chemistry, and dynamics. ▪ Chemical, physical, and dynamical processes in disks are closely linked, which complicates disk chemistry modeling, but they also present an opportunity to develop chemical probes of different aspects of disk evolution and planet formation. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 61 is August 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8138,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":33.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44169727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Atomic Hydrogen in the Milky Way: A Stepping Stone in the Evolution of Galaxies 银河系中的氢原子:星系演化的垫脚石

IF 33.3 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-astro-052920-104851

N. McClure-Griffiths, S. Stanimirović, D. Rybarczyk

{"title":"Atomic Hydrogen in the Milky Way: A Stepping Stone in the Evolution of Galaxies","authors":"N. McClure-Griffiths, S. Stanimirović, D. Rybarczyk","doi":"10.1146/annurev-astro-052920-104851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-052920-104851","url":null,"abstract":"Atomic hydrogen (Hi) is a critical stepping stone in the gas evolution cycle of the interstellar medium (ISM) of the Milky Way. Hi traces both the cold, premolecular state before star formation and the warm, diffuse ISM before and after star formation. This review describes new, sensitive Hi absorption and emission surveys, which, together with high angular and spectral resolution Hi emission data, have revealed the physical properties of Hi, its structure, and its association with magnetic fields. We give an overview of the Hi phases and discuss how Hi properties depend on the environment and what its structure can tell us about feedback in the ISM. Key findings include the following: ▪ The mass fraction of the cold neutral medium is [Formula: see text]40% on average, increasing with AV due to the increase of mean gas density. ▪ The cold disk extends to at least R ∼ 25 kpc. ▪ Approximately 40% of the Hi is warm, with structural characteristics that derive from feedback events. ▪ Cold Hi is highly filamentary, whereas warm Hi is more smoothly distributed. We summarize future observational and simulation opportunities that can be used to unravel the 3D structure of the atomic ISM and the effects of heating and cooling on Hi properties. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 61 is August 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8138,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":33.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47695938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

A Walk in Time and Space: My Journey as a Strategic Scientist 时空漫步:我的战略科学家之旅

IF 33.3 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics Pub Date : 2023-04-17 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-astro-121222-033350

S. Ye

{"title":"A Walk in Time and Space: My Journey as a Strategic Scientist","authors":"S. Ye","doi":"10.1146/annurev-astro-121222-033350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-121222-033350","url":null,"abstract":"This article depicts my life and career over the past decades, beginning with my birth in 1927 and ending in my two dreams yet to be realized. This article focuses on my school years during wartime and my work with Shanghai Astronomical Observatory (SHAO) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) from 1951 on—serving as Director of SHAO during 1981–1993 and a Member of CAS since 1980—and shares some social activities I've been involved in for the benefits of women and children. Special focus is given to the endeavors of building one of the world's most precise Universal Time systems in the 1960s, a very long baseline interferometry network, a satellite laser ranging research station during the 1970s–1990s, and the 65-m Radio Telescope in the early twenty-first century; developing astrogeodynamics in China and advancing the Asia-Pacific Space Geodynamics Program in the late twentieth century; and leading SHAO in international cooperation while serving as Chair of the International Astronomical Union Finance Committee during 1985–1988, the IAU Vice-President during 1988–1994, and a foreign fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society of Britain in 1985. This autobiographical account should, hopefully, serve its purpose of offering a glimpse of me and my lifelong interaction with time and space. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 61 is August 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8138,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":33.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42492728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The First Stars: Formation, Properties, and Impact 第一颗恒星：形成、性质和影响

IF 33.3 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics Pub Date : 2023-03-22 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-astro-071221-053453

R. Klessen, S. Glover

{"title":"The First Stars: Formation, Properties, and Impact","authors":"R. Klessen, S. Glover","doi":"10.1146/annurev-astro-071221-053453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-071221-053453","url":null,"abstract":"The first generation of stars, often called Population III (or Pop III), form from metal-free primordial gas at redshifts z ∼ 30 and below. They dominate the cosmic star-formation history until z ∼ 15–20, at which point the formation of metal-enriched Population II stars takes over. We review current theoretical models for the formation, properties, and impact of Pop III stars and discuss existing and future observational constraints. Key takeaways from this review include the following: ▪ Primordial gas is highly susceptible to fragmentation and Pop III stars form as members of small clusters with a logarithmically flat mass function. ▪ Feedback from massive Pop III stars plays a central role in regulating subsequent star formation, but major uncertainties remain regarding its immediate impact. ▪ In extreme conditions, supermassive Pop III stars can form, reaching masses of several 105 M⊙. Their remnants may be the seeds of the supermassive black holes observed in high-redshift quasars. ▪ Direct observations of Pop III stars in the early Universe remain extremely challenging. Indirect constraints from the global 21-cm signal or gravitational waves are more promising. ▪ Stellar archeological surveys allow us to constrain both the low-mass and the high-mass ends of the Pop III mass distribution. Observations suggest that most massive Pop III stars end their lives as core-collapse supernovae rather than as pair-instability supernovae. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 61 is August 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8138,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":33.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43463748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Advances in Optical/Infrared Interferometry 光学/红外干涉测量的研究进展

IF 33.3 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-astro-121622-045019

F. Eisenhauer, J. Monnier, O. Pfuhl

{"title":"Advances in Optical/Infrared Interferometry","authors":"F. Eisenhauer, J. Monnier, O. Pfuhl","doi":"10.1146/annurev-astro-121622-045019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-121622-045019","url":null,"abstract":"After decades of fast-paced technical advances, optical/infrared (O/IR) interferometry has seen a revolution in recent years. ▪ The GRAVITY instrument at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) with four 8-m telescopes reaches thousand-times-fainter objects than possible with earlier interferometers, and the Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy (CHARA) array routinely offers up to 330-m baselines and aperture-synthesis with six 1-m telescopes. ▪ The observed objects are fainter than 19 mag, the images have submilliarcsecond resolution, and the astrometry reaches microarcsecond precision. ▪ This led to breakthrough results on the Galactic Center, exoplanets, active galactic nuclei, young stellar objects, and stellar physics. Following a primer in interferometry, we summarize the advances that led to the performance boost of modern interferometers: ▪ Single-mode beam combiners now combine up to six telescopes, and image reconstruction software has advanced over earlier developments for radio interferometry. ▪ With a combination of large telescopes, adaptive optics (AO), fringe tracking, and especially dual-beam interferometry, GRAVITY has boosted the sensitivity by many orders of magnitudes. Another order-of-magnitude improvement will come from laser guide star AO. In combination with large separation fringe tracking, O/IR interferometry will then provide complete sky coverage for observations in the Galactic plane and substantial coverage for extragalactic targets. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 61 is August 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8138,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":33.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48804800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Key Physical Processes in the Circumgalactic Medium 环星系介质中的关键物理过程

IF 33.3 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics Pub Date : 2023-01-24 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-astro-052920-125203

C. Faucher-Giguère, S. Oh

{"title":"Key Physical Processes in the Circumgalactic Medium","authors":"C. Faucher-Giguère, S. Oh","doi":"10.1146/annurev-astro-052920-125203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-052920-125203","url":null,"abstract":"Spurred by rich, multiwavelength observations and enabled by new simulations, ranging from cosmological to subparsec scales, the past decade has seen major theoretical progress in our understanding of the circumgalactic medium (CGM). We review key physical processes in the CGM. Our conclusions include the following: ▪ The properties of the CGM depend on a competition between gravity-driven infall and gas cooling. When cooling is slow relative to free fall, the gas is hot (roughly virial temperature), whereas the gas is cold ( T ∼ 104 K) when cooling is rapid. ▪ Gas inflows and outflows play crucial roles, as does the cosmological environment. Large-scale structure collimates cold streams and provides angular momentum. Satellite galaxies contribute to the CGM through winds and gas stripping. ▪ In multiphase gas, the hot and cold phases continuously exchange mass, energy, and momentum. The interaction between turbulent mixing and radiative cooling is critical. A broad spectrum of cold gas structures, going down to subparsec scales, arises from fragmentation, coagulation, and condensation onto gas clouds. ▪ Magnetic fields, thermal conduction, and cosmic rays can substantially modify how the cold and hot phases interact, although microphysical uncertainties are presently large. Key open questions for future work include the mutual interplay between small-scale structure and large-scale dynamics, and how the CGM affects the evolution of galaxies.","PeriodicalId":8138,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":33.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47973871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7