Foundations最新文献_第10页

Pioneering Black African American Women Chemists and Pharmacists 美国黑人女性化学家和药剂师的先驱

Foundations Pub Date : 2022-08-02 DOI: 10.3390/foundations2030043

Juan Núñez Valdés, Fernando de Pablos Pons, A. Ramos Carrillo

引用次数: 1

Approximating Solutions of Nonlinear Equations Using an Extended Traub Method 用扩展Traub法逼近非线性方程的解

Foundations Pub Date : 2022-07-27 DOI: 10.3390/foundations2030042

S. George, I. Argyros, Christopher I. Argyros, Kedarnath Senapati

引用次数: 0

Simpson’s Type Inequalities for s-Convex Functions via a Generalized Proportional Fractional Integral s-凸函数的广义比例分数积分的Simpson型不等式

Foundations Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.3390/foundations2030041

Henok Desalegn, J. Mijena, E. Nwaeze, Tadesse Abdi

引用次数: 2

Attenuation of the Acoustic Activity in Cement Beams under Constant Bending Load Closely Approaching the Fracture Load 接近于断裂荷载的恒定弯曲荷载下水泥梁声活动性的衰减

Foundations Pub Date : 2022-07-24 DOI: 10.3390/foundations2030040

D. Triantis, A. Loukidis, I. Stavrakas, E. Pasiou, S. Kourkoulis

{"title":"Attenuation of the Acoustic Activity in Cement Beams under Constant Bending Load Closely Approaching the Fracture Load","authors":"D. Triantis, A. Loukidis, I. Stavrakas, E. Pasiou, S. Kourkoulis","doi":"10.3390/foundations2030040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/foundations2030040","url":null,"abstract":"The acoustic activity in beam-shaped specimens made of cement is studied, assuming that the beams are loaded in three-point bending under a step-wise loading scheme. Attention is focused to the attenuation of the acoustic activity during the constant-load stage of each specific loading step. The experimental data are analyzed in terms of the interevent time intervals between any two successive acoustic hits (using the F-function concept) and, further, in terms of the power of the acoustic hits (in terms of the recently introduced P-function). It is indicated that while the mechanical load is kept constant, the acoustic activity attenuates steadily, and during the early steps of this attenuation phase, the temporal evolution of both the F- and P-functions is excellently described by an exponential law. Moreover, it is proven that for both the F- and P-functions, the relaxation exponents decrease monotonically with increasing load. This decrease becomes quite abrupt for loads exceeding about 80% of the fracture load, providing an interesting and promising pre-failure indicator, i.e., a warning signal that the specimen is entering into the stage of impending macroscopic fracture. The specific conclusions are in very satisfactory agreement, both qualitatively and quantitatively, with similar ones drawn by considering the temporal evolution of the respective b-value.","PeriodicalId":81291,"journal":{"name":"Foundations","volume":"171 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76911422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Is The Probability of Tossing a Coin Really 50–50%? Part 2: Dynamic Model with Rebounds 掷硬币的概率真的是50% - 50%吗?第2部分:动态模型与反弹

Foundations Pub Date : 2022-07-19 DOI: 10.3390/foundations2030039

V. Pletser

引用次数: 1

Integrated Interpretation of the Results of Long-Term Geotechnical Monitoring in Underground Tunnels Using the Electromagnetic Radiation Method 电磁辐射法对地下隧道长期岩土监测结果的综合解释

Foundations Pub Date : 2022-07-05 DOI: 10.3390/foundations2030038

K. Romanevich, M. Lebedev, S. Andrianov, Sergey N. Mulev

{"title":"Integrated Interpretation of the Results of Long-Term Geotechnical Monitoring in Underground Tunnels Using the Electromagnetic Radiation Method","authors":"K. Romanevich, M. Lebedev, S. Andrianov, Sergey N. Mulev","doi":"10.3390/foundations2030038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/foundations2030038","url":null,"abstract":"Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) technology makes it possible to evaluate changes in the stress-strain state (SSS) in the “tunnel lining-enclosing rock mass” system at a high level of interference, and to create schemes of long-term EMR control in tunnels (geotechnical monitoring systems). The issues of the variations in EMR signals are extremely important for monitoring systems: based on anomalous deviations from the normal regime one can draw conclusions about changes in the SSS, leading to geodynamic phenomena (e.g., rock bursts). This article presents data obtained during laboratory studies on samples and field studies in transport tunnels. Also, some results of long-term geotechnical monitoring by a set of methods is presented: EMR and tensometry of the tunnel lining, both methods are in the automatic mode. The ability of an EMR control system to respond to earthquakes affecting tunnel structures is shown. An analysis of long-term EMR studies was conducted, which showed the periodic oscillation of the “tunnel lining-enclosing rock mass” system. In a stable compressed state, minima of EMR pulses are recorded; when the rock mass and lining material are stretched, charges are separated on the edges of micro-defects and EMR increases; complete separation of the edges of micro-defects leads to the termination of intense EMR. The same occurs in the opposite direction during the compression of micro-defects and micro-fractures in the rock mass and concrete lining. The periods of compression and expansion are closely related to temperature fluctuations. The results differ in detail and, therefore, in to be more confident, additional studies are needed in various host rock massifs and types of tunnel lining.","PeriodicalId":81291,"journal":{"name":"Foundations","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74729297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Is the Probability of Tossing A Coin Really 50–50%? Part 1: Static Model and Dynamic Models without Rebounds 抛硬币的概率真的是50% - 50%吗?第1部分:静态模型和没有反弹的动态模型

Foundations Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.3390/foundations2030037

Pletser Vladimir

引用次数: 1

Experiments on the Electron Impact Excitation of the 2s and 2p States of Hydrogen Atoms Confirm the Presence of Their Second Flavor as the Candidate for Dark Matter 氢原子2s和2p态的电子冲击激发实验证实了它们的第二味作为暗物质的候选存在

Foundations Pub Date : 2022-06-26 DOI: 10.3390/foundations2030036

E. Oks

{"title":"Experiments on the Electron Impact Excitation of the 2s and 2p States of Hydrogen Atoms Confirm the Presence of Their Second Flavor as the Candidate for Dark Matter","authors":"E. Oks","doi":"10.3390/foundations2030036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/foundations2030036","url":null,"abstract":"For the excitation of the n = 2 states of hydrogen atoms due to electron impact, we compared the experimental and theoretical ratios of the cross-sections σ2s/σ2p. We found this theoretical ratio to be systematically higher than the corresponding experimental ratio by about 20%—far beyond the experimental error margins. We suggest that this discrepancy can be explained by the presence of the Second Flavor of Hydrogen Atoms (SFHA) in the experimental hydrogen gas. The explanation is based on the fact that, in the experiments, the cross-section σ2s was determined by using the quenching technique—by applying an electric field that mixed the 2s and 2p states, followed by the emission of the Lyman-alpha line from the 2p state. However, the SFHA only had the s-states, so the quenching technique would not count the excitation of the SFHA in the 2s state and, thus, lead to the underestimation of the cross-section σ2s. We estimates the share of the SFHA in the experimental hydrogen gas required for eliminating the above discrepancy and found this share to be about the same as the share of the usual hydrogen atoms. Thus, our results constitute the third proof from atomic experiments that the SFHA does exist, the first proof being related to the experimental distribution of the linear momentum in the ground state of hydrogen atoms, and the second proof being related to the experimental cross-section of charge exchange between hydrogen atoms and low-energy protons.","PeriodicalId":81291,"journal":{"name":"Foundations","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77152202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Comparative Performance of NIR-Hyperspectral Imaging Systems nir -高光谱成像系统的性能比较

Foundations Pub Date : 2022-06-22 DOI: 10.3390/foundations2030035

Te Ma, L. Schimleck, J. Dahlen, S. Yoon, T. Inagaki, S. Tsuchikawa, A. Sandak, J. Sandak

{"title":"Comparative Performance of NIR-Hyperspectral Imaging Systems","authors":"Te Ma, L. Schimleck, J. Dahlen, S. Yoon, T. Inagaki, S. Tsuchikawa, A. Sandak, J. Sandak","doi":"10.3390/foundations2030035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/foundations2030035","url":null,"abstract":"Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) allows for the rapid estimation of a wide range of wood properties. Typically, NIRS studies on wood have utilized benchtop spectrometers, but efforts to utilize NIR hyperspectral imaging to examine wood and wood products have increased. Compared to benchtop NIR systems, hyperspectral imaging has several advantages (speed, visualization of spatial variability), but the data typically have a lower signal-to-noise ratio as well as fewer wavelengths saved; thus, hyperspectral imaging systems have a larger spectral sampling interval (SSI). Furthermore, the SSI and wavelength range varies considerably among different HSI cameras. NIR-HSI systems based on indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) detectors have a wavelength range typically from 900 to 1700 nm, while short-wave infrared hyperspectral imaging (SWIR-HSI) systems based on mercury cadmium telluride (MCT) detectors have the ‘full’ NIR wavelength range from 1000 to 2500 nm. These factors may influence the performance of wood property calibrations. We compared one NIR-HSI (900–1700 nm) and three SWIR-HSI (1000–2500 nm) commercially available cameras with an NIRS benchtop spectrometer (1100–2500 nm). The performance of specific gravity (SG) and stiffness (MOE) calibration models was compared with one-hundred Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) samples. The limited wavelength range of an NIR-HSI camera provided the best models for MOE, whereas the NIR-HSI and two SWIR-HSI cameras provided similar SG results. SWIR-HSI models heavily favored wavelengths greater than 1900 nm.","PeriodicalId":81291,"journal":{"name":"Foundations","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72396528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

On the Semi-Local Convergence of a Noor–Waseem-like Method for Nonlinear Equations 非线性方程noor - waseem类方法的半局部收敛性

Foundations Pub Date : 2022-06-20 DOI: 10.3390/foundations2020034

I. Argyros, J. P. Jaiswal, A. Saxena, M. Argyros

引用次数: 0