氢原子2s和2p态的电子冲击激发实验证实了它们的第二味作为暗物质的候选存在

E. Oks
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引用次数: 4

摘要

对于电子碰撞激发氢原子的n = 2态,我们比较了实验和理论截面σ2s/σ2p的比值。我们发现这个理论比率比相应的实验比率系统地高出约20%,远远超出了实验误差范围。我们认为这种差异可以用实验氢气中第二味氢原子(SFHA)的存在来解释。这一解释是基于这样一个事实:在实验中,σ2s的横截面是用淬火技术测定的,即施加一个2s和2p态混合的电场,然后从2p态发射莱曼- α线。然而,由于SFHA只有s态,因此淬火技术没有计算SFHA在2s态的激发,从而导致了截面σ2s的低估。我们估计了SFHA在消除上述差异所需的实验氢气中的份额,发现这一份额与通常氢原子的份额大致相同。因此,我们的结果构成了原子实验中SFHA确实存在的第三个证明,第一个证明与氢原子基态线性动量的实验分布有关,第二个证明与氢原子与低能质子之间电荷交换的实验横截面有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Experiments on the Electron Impact Excitation of the 2s and 2p States of Hydrogen Atoms Confirm the Presence of Their Second Flavor as the Candidate for Dark Matter
For the excitation of the n = 2 states of hydrogen atoms due to electron impact, we compared the experimental and theoretical ratios of the cross-sections σ2s/σ2p. We found this theoretical ratio to be systematically higher than the corresponding experimental ratio by about 20%—far beyond the experimental error margins. We suggest that this discrepancy can be explained by the presence of the Second Flavor of Hydrogen Atoms (SFHA) in the experimental hydrogen gas. The explanation is based on the fact that, in the experiments, the cross-section σ2s was determined by using the quenching technique—by applying an electric field that mixed the 2s and 2p states, followed by the emission of the Lyman-alpha line from the 2p state. However, the SFHA only had the s-states, so the quenching technique would not count the excitation of the SFHA in the 2s state and, thus, lead to the underestimation of the cross-section σ2s. We estimates the share of the SFHA in the experimental hydrogen gas required for eliminating the above discrepancy and found this share to be about the same as the share of the usual hydrogen atoms. Thus, our results constitute the third proof from atomic experiments that the SFHA does exist, the first proof being related to the experimental distribution of the linear momentum in the ground state of hydrogen atoms, and the second proof being related to the experimental cross-section of charge exchange between hydrogen atoms and low-energy protons.
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