AppliedChem Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.3390/appliedchem4030018

Alina Kinner, Stephan Lütz, Katrin Rosenthal

{"title":"Biocatalytic Screening of the Oxidative Potential of Fungi Cultivated on Plant-Based Resources","authors":"Alina Kinner, Stephan Lütz, Katrin Rosenthal","doi":"10.3390/appliedchem4030018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4030018","url":null,"abstract":"The environmental impacts of the postindustrial era, which rely on fossil fuels, have compelled a reconsideration of the future of energy and chemical industries. Fungi are a valuable resource for improving a circular economy through the enhanced valorization of biomass and plant waste. They harbor a great diversity of oxidative enzymes, especially in their secretome. Enzymatic breakdown of the plant cell wall complex and lignocellulosic biomass yields sugars for fermentation and biofuel production, as well as aromatic compounds from lignin that can serve as raw materials for the chemical industry. To harness the biocatalytic potential, it is essential to identify and explore wild-type fungi and their secretomes. This study successfully combined genome mining and activity screening to uncover the oxidative potential of a collection of underexploited ascomycetes and basidiomycetes. The heme peroxidase and laccase activities of four promising candidates, Bipolaris victoriae, Colletotrichum sublineola, Neofusicoccum parvum and Moesziomyces antarcticus, were investigated to gain a deeper insight into their enzyme secretion. Furthermore, a plant-based medium screening with the phytopathogen C. sublineola revealed that soybean meal is a beneficial component to trigger the production and secretion of enzymes that catalyze H2O2-dependent oxidations. These results demonstrate that understanding fungal secretomes and their enzymatic potential opens exciting avenues for sustainable biotechnological applications across various industries.","PeriodicalId":8123,"journal":{"name":"AppliedChem","volume":"28 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141927052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring Olive Pit Powder as a Filler for Enhanced Thermal Insulation in Epoxy Mortars to Increase Sustainability in Building Construction 探索在环氧砂浆中将橄榄核粉末作为增强隔热性能的填料，以提高建筑施工的可持续性

AppliedChem Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.3390/appliedchem4020013

Veronica D’Eusanio, A. Marchetti, Stefano Pastorelli, Michele Silvestri, Lucia Bertacchini, L. Tassi

{"title":"Exploring Olive Pit Powder as a Filler for Enhanced Thermal Insulation in Epoxy Mortars to Increase Sustainability in Building Construction","authors":"Veronica D’Eusanio, A. Marchetti, Stefano Pastorelli, Michele Silvestri, Lucia Bertacchini, L. Tassi","doi":"10.3390/appliedchem4020013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4020013","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the use of olive pit powder (OPP) as a promising resource for enhancing the thermal insulation properties of epoxy mortars. A comprehensive analysis of the chemical and physical characteristics of OPP was conducted, employing analytical techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis and emitted gas analysis (TG-MS-EGA), and proximal analysis. Experimental samples of epoxy grout were prepared by using different proportions of a conventional inorganic filler, quartz powder, and OPP within an epoxy mortar matrix. As the percentage of OPP in the formulation increased, the microstructure of the samples gradually became more porous and less compact. Consequently, there was a decrease in density with the increase in OPP content. The 28-day compressive strength decreased from 46 MPa to 12.8 MPa, respectively, in the samples containing only quartz (Sample E) and only OPP (Sample A) as a filler. Similarly, flexural strength decreased from 35.2 to 5.3 MPa. The thermal conductivity decreased from 0.3 W/mK in Sample E to 0.11 in Sample A. Therefore, increasing the %wt of OPP improved insulating properties while reducing the mechanical resistance values. This study highlights the potential of OPP as an environmentally friendly and thermally efficient filler for epoxy mortars, thereby promoting sustainable construction practices.","PeriodicalId":8123,"journal":{"name":"AppliedChem","volume":"35 S144","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141003622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantitative Analysis of Formate Production from Plasma-Assisted Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 on Pd-Based Catalysts 等离子体辅助电化学还原 Pd 基催化剂上的 CO2 生成甲酸盐的定量分析

AppliedChem Pub Date : 2024-05-05 DOI: 10.3390/appliedchem4020012

Jie Hu, Fuqiang Liu

{"title":"Quantitative Analysis of Formate Production from Plasma-Assisted Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 on Pd-Based Catalysts","authors":"Jie Hu, Fuqiang Liu","doi":"10.3390/appliedchem4020012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4020012","url":null,"abstract":"The escalating levels of atmospheric CO2, primarily attributed to human activities, underscore the urgent need for innovative solutions to mitigate environmental challenges. This study delves into the electrochemical reduction of CO2 as a promising avenue for sustainable carbon capture and utilization. Focused on the formation of formate (HCOO−/HCOOH), a high-value product, the research explores the integration of nonthermal plasma (NTP) with electrochemical processes—an approach rarely studied in existing literature. A comprehensive investigation involves varying parameters such as plasma discharging voltage, carrier gas, discharging mode, electrolysis voltage, polarity, and plasma type. The electrochemical tests employ a 10 wt.% Pd/C catalyst, and formate production is quantitatively analyzed using NMR. Results reveal that NTP significantly enhances CO2 reduction, with key factors influencing formate yield elucidated. The study reveals the complexity of CO2 electrochemical reduction, providing novel insights into the synergistic effects of NTP. These findings contribute to advancing sustainable technologies for CO2 utilization, paving the way for more efficient and environmentally friendly processes in the pursuit of a carbon-neutral future.","PeriodicalId":8123,"journal":{"name":"AppliedChem","volume":"322 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141012494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biochar–Nitrogen Composites: Synthesis, Properties, and Use as Fertilizer for Maize 生物炭-氮复合材料：合成、特性及用作玉米肥料

AppliedChem Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.3390/appliedchem4020011

Caio Pereira Mota, Carlos Alberto Silva

{"title":"Biochar–Nitrogen Composites: Synthesis, Properties, and Use as Fertilizer for Maize","authors":"Caio Pereira Mota, Carlos Alberto Silva","doi":"10.3390/appliedchem4020011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4020011","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrogen (N) is highly reactive and prone to being easily lost into the air and soil water. Biochar–N composites have proven effective in nourishing and improving maize growth. The aim of this study was to synthesize and assess the properties of composites made from biochars (pyrolyzed at 300 °C) derived from chicken manure (N = 3.5%) and leguminous cake (N = 9%) and enriched with ammonium sulfate (AS), urea, and diammonium phosphate (DAP). The biochar pH was adjusted to approximately 6 using sulfuric and phosphoric acids prior to formulating the six tested composites. Maize was cultivated for 50 days under greenhouse conditions, with evaluations of the maize dry matter (DM) and N in the plant shoot. The biochar and composite properties underwent scrutiny for chemical and physicochemical attributes, as well as for soluble N in water and in an HCl solution. Throughout maize cultivation, the release of N as ammonium and nitrate from the composites and pure biochars in the Oxisol solution was successively assessed. Composites formulated with DAP and supplied at a dose of 270 mg kg−1 N yielded the same maize dry matter as composites in which 400 mg kg−1 N was supplied to plants. Regardless of the N source, at the end of maize cultivation, the residual N in the Oxisol was reduced and inadequate for a new cultivation, even in soils treated with urea. Notably, the biochar–N composites, particularly those formulated with DAP, were as effective as urea in nourishing and promoting robust maize growth. In contrast, the maize biomass was lower for plants fertilized with pure biochars, indicating that the N from the carbonized matrices was insufficient for optimal biomass production.","PeriodicalId":8123,"journal":{"name":"AppliedChem","volume":"48 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antidiabetic Activities and GC-MS Analysis of 4-Methoxychalcone 4-Methoxychalcone 的抗糖尿病活性和 GC-MS 分析

AppliedChem Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.3390/appliedchem4020010

Leonard D. R. Acho, E. S. Oliveira, Simone B Carneiro, Fernanda Paula A. Melo, Leilane de S. Mendonça, Renyer A. Costa, Rosivaldo S. Borges, M. Machado, Hector Koolen, Igor Rafael dos S. Magalhães, Emersom S. Lima

{"title":"Antidiabetic Activities and GC-MS Analysis of 4-Methoxychalcone","authors":"Leonard D. R. Acho, E. S. Oliveira, Simone B Carneiro, Fernanda Paula A. Melo, Leilane de S. Mendonça, Renyer A. Costa, Rosivaldo S. Borges, M. Machado, Hector Koolen, Igor Rafael dos S. Magalhães, Emersom S. Lima","doi":"10.3390/appliedchem4020010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4020010","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that is mainly characterized by hyperglycemia. Chalcones and their derivatives have demonstrated promising pharmacological potential for the treatment of diabetes. The aim of the study was to evaluate antidiabetic activities and analyze 4-methoxychalcone (MPP) using GC-MS. The compound was characterized using mass spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and headspace with gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HS-GC-MS). MPP was evaluated via the inhibition of the alpha-glucosidase enzyme, cell viability and antiglycation and hemolytic activities in vitro. The study of the interaction between the bovine serum albumin protein and MPP was investigated via molecular docking. Oral sucrose tolerance and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. The HS-GC-MS method was able to accurately detect and characterize the compound, and the interaction between MPP and BSA revealed the remarkable affinity for the two main binding sites of BSA. This was confirmed by the in vitro antiglycation test, since MPP showed activity through both oxidative and non-oxidative stress. MPP significantly attenuated the increase in glycemia after glucose loading in STZ-induced diabetic mice. These results confirm that MPP has antihyperglycemic activity and may be an alternative for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":8123,"journal":{"name":"AppliedChem","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140720134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A New Simple Method for the Determination of Complex Wine Aroma Compounds Using GC-MS/MS—The Case of the Greek Variety “Agiorgitiko” 利用 GC-MS/MS 测定复杂葡萄酒香气化合物的简便新方法--以希腊品种 "Agiorgitiko "为例

AppliedChem Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.3390/appliedchem4020009

I. Ligas, Elli Goulioti, P. Tarantilis, Y. Kotseridis

引用次数: 0

Quantitative Analysis of NDMA in Drug Products: A Proposed High-Throughput Approach Using Headspace–SIFT-MS 药品中 NDMA 的定量分析：使用顶空-SIFT-MS 的拟议高通量方法

AppliedChem Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.3390/appliedchem4010008

M. Perkins, Colin Hastie, V. Langford

{"title":"Quantitative Analysis of NDMA in Drug Products: A Proposed High-Throughput Approach Using Headspace–SIFT-MS","authors":"M. Perkins, Colin Hastie, V. Langford","doi":"10.3390/appliedchem4010008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4010008","url":null,"abstract":"Since the initial 2018 recall of angiotensin receptor blockers due to unacceptable levels of mutagenic N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) impurity, numerous drug products delivering diverse active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) have been recalled. Regulators and the industry are working together to understand and address this widescale problem. Conventional analysis of NDMA utilizes liquid or gas chromatography-based procedures that can involve complicated sample preparation and slow sample analysis. Selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) analyses NDMA directly in the gas phase using soft chemical ionization, with an LOQ of 2 ng g−1. Through the novel application of the multiple headspace extraction (MHE) technique, NDMA was quantified directly and rapidly from the drug product without dissolution, at levels well below the regulatory acceptable intake of 96 ng day−1. A comparative analysis of recalled metformin using MHE-SIFT-MS and a conventional liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method showed good agreement. Use of the novel MHE-SIFT-MS approach may enable a wider screening of drug products to be conducted, since it provides around a three-fold increase in daily sample throughput.","PeriodicalId":8123,"journal":{"name":"AppliedChem","volume":"18 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140226991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Controlled Nickel Nanoparticles: A Review on How Parameters of Synthesis Can Modulate Their Features and Properties 可控镍纳米颗粒：综述合成参数如何改变纳米粒子的特征和性能

AppliedChem Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.3390/appliedchem4010007

Felipe e Silva, V. Salim, Thenner Rodrigues

引用次数: 0

Synergizing Immune Balance: Curcumin Gold Nanoparticles and Ultrasound Irradiation for Macrophage Down-Regulation 协同免疫平衡：姜黄素金纳米粒子和超声波照射对巨噬细胞的降调作用

AppliedChem Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.3390/appliedchem4010006

B. Teixeira, K. D. O. Gonçalves, D. P. Vieira, Lilia Coronato Courrol

{"title":"Synergizing Immune Balance: Curcumin Gold Nanoparticles and Ultrasound Irradiation for Macrophage Down-Regulation","authors":"B. Teixeira, K. D. O. Gonçalves, D. P. Vieira, Lilia Coronato Courrol","doi":"10.3390/appliedchem4010006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4010006","url":null,"abstract":"The multifaceted health benefits of curcumin (Curcuma longa), attributed to its antioxidant, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory activities, have drawn significant scientific attention. Curcumin shows promise as a potential modulator of macrophage polarization, offering a natural strategy for managing inflammation and promoting tissue repair. However, a limiting factor for this beneficial molecule is its limited bioavailability due to its low solubility in water. This study aimed to quantify the effect of curcumin gold nanoparticle (CurAuNP)-mediated ultrasound irradiation on THP-1-derived macrophages as potential therapeutic targets. The photoreduction method was applied to synthesize the gold nanoparticles with curcumin as a ligand (CurAu). The effect of adding polyethylene glycol in the synthesis process was studied (CurAuPEG). CurAuNP characterization included UV/Vis, Zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy, and FTIR. The amount of singlet oxygen released by curcumin and CurAuNPs was quantified by observing 1.3-diphenylisobenzofuran quenching upon ultrasound irradiation (1 MHz and 1 W/cm2). The results indicated that ultrasound therapy for 4 min with CurAuNPs significantly enhanced singlet oxygen generation and reduced macrophage viability compared to curcumin alone. The increased sonoluminescence and curcumin delivery facilitated by CurAuNPs led to greater curcumin activation. Consequently, CurAuNPs could offer promising therapeutic options for modulating macrophage polarization in pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory stages.","PeriodicalId":8123,"journal":{"name":"AppliedChem","volume":"6 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140260817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Green Extraction of Oleoresin from Pink Pepper Fruits: Effect of Experimental Conditions and Characterization 从粉红胡椒果实中绿色提取油树脂：实验条件和特性的影响

AppliedChem Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.3390/appliedchem4010005

Ana Flávia A. de Mello, J. Hoscheid, D. Raspe, N. Stevanato, Camila da Silva

{"title":"Green Extraction of Oleoresin from Pink Pepper Fruits: Effect of Experimental Conditions and Characterization","authors":"Ana Flávia A. de Mello, J. Hoscheid, D. Raspe, N. Stevanato, Camila da Silva","doi":"10.3390/appliedchem4010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4010005","url":null,"abstract":"This work evaluated the green extraction of oleoresin from pink pepper fruits (ORPPF) using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and ethanol as a solvent. The effects of temperature, ultrasound power intensity, sample to solvent ratio and time on the global extraction yield (YGE) and phenolic compounds yield (YPC) were evaluated. The oleoresin samples were characterized and its antimicrobial activity determined, and the obtained results were compared to conventional extraction in Soxhlet. From the results it was found that the application of the highest levels of the independent variables favored the extraction process. The maximum values of YGE and YPC were 28.60 wt% and 6.37 mg GAE per g fruit, respectively, obtained at 60 °C, 100% of ultrasound power (165 W), 1:20 g mL−1 (sample:solvent) and 45 min. Under maximized conditions, the ORPPF obtained by UAE showed a content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity inferior to soxhlet–ethanol extraction. However, the time and solvent consumption were reduced. Oleic and linoleic acids predominated in the fatty acid composition of ORPPF, in addition to sesquiterpenes and gallic and syringic acids. The ORPPF presented weak antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration ranging from 31.25 to 125 mg mL−1.","PeriodicalId":8123,"journal":{"name":"AppliedChem","volume":"327 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140417232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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