Current directions in autoimmunity最新文献_第9页

Regulation of immune responses by E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases. E3泛素蛋白连接酶对免疫反应的调控。

Current directions in autoimmunity Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000060552

N. Fang, Deyu Fang, Hong-ying Wang, A. Altman, Yun-Cai Liu

引用次数: 12

Lyn/CD22/SHP-1 and their importance in autoimmunity. Lyn/CD22/SHP-1及其在自身免疫中的重要性

Current directions in autoimmunity Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000060551

J. Blasioli, C. Goodnow

引用次数: 13

Regulation of signal transduction by the Fc gamma receptor family members and their involvement in autoimmunity. Fc受体家族成员的信号转导调控及其在自身免疫中的参与。

Current directions in autoimmunity Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000060554

K. Coggeshall

{"title":"Regulation of signal transduction by the Fc gamma receptor family members and their involvement in autoimmunity.","authors":"K. Coggeshall","doi":"10.1159/000060554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000060554","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies on the nature and mode of action of inhibitory receptors and their intracellular phosphatase effector enzymes have identified a new area of research in the etiology of autoimmune diseases. Myeloid cells play a critical role in autoimmunity through their IgG receptors. A number of recent findings reveal that such cells express inhibitory receptors, including the elusive CD32/Fc gamma RIIB isoform, and express inhibitory phosphatases like SHP-1 and SHIP. Animals lacking the effector phosphatases exhibit a pronounced autoimmune and/or pro-inflammatory phenotype. Animals deficient in the expression of the inhibitory receptors often display a much less severe phenotype, likely due to the fact that hematopoietic cells have numerous and probably redundant inhibitory receptors. Genetic deficiencies in the limited number of effector molecules (SHP-1 and SHIP) lead to more dramatic effects on hematopoietic cells and level of inflammation in such animals. These recent findings in animal models open the intriguing possibility that the human homologues of genes encoding the inhibitory receptors like Fc gamma RIIB or effector phosphatases like SHIP might contribute to autoimmune diseases. However, while identification of genes involved in autoimmunity will greatly aid in diagnosis of human autoimmune disease, it is necessary to understand the biochemical mechanisms of action of the numerous inhibitory receptors and phosphatases in the hematopoietic system. Such information will permit the rational design of more efficient and effective treatments for patients. Additional experiments directed at the role and mechanism(s) of action of the inhibitory phosphatases SHP-1 and SHIP will uncover new candidates for diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune diseases.","PeriodicalId":81058,"journal":{"name":"Current directions in autoimmunity","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000060554","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65043951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

CD40 signaling and autoimmunity. CD40信号和自身免疫。

Current directions in autoimmunity Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000060547

G. Cheng, S. Schoenberger

引用次数: 21

The role of TNF/TNFR in organ-specific and systemic autoimmunity: implications for the design of optimized 'anti-TNF' therapies. TNF/TNFR在器官特异性和系统性自身免疫中的作用:优化“抗TNF”疗法设计的意义

Current directions in autoimmunity Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000060546

G. Kollias, D. Kontoyiannis, E. Douni, G. Kassiotis

引用次数: 42

Immunotherapy of type 1 diabetes mellitus. 1型糖尿病的免疫治疗。

Current directions in autoimmunity Pub Date : 2001-08-15 DOI: 10.1159/000060543

L. Chatenoud

引用次数: 2

Is activation of autoreactive lymphocytes always detrimental? Viral infections and regulatory circuits in autoimmunity. 激活自身反应性淋巴细胞总是有害的吗?自身免疫中的病毒感染和调节回路。

Current directions in autoimmunity Pub Date : 2001-08-15 DOI: 10.1159/000060534

M. V. von Herrath, M. Oldstone, D. Homann, U. Christen

{"title":"Is activation of autoreactive lymphocytes always detrimental? Viral infections and regulatory circuits in autoimmunity.","authors":"M. V. von Herrath, M. Oldstone, D. Homann, U. Christen","doi":"10.1159/000060534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000060534","url":null,"abstract":"Viral infections are implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders through several mechanisms [1–12]. Many of these rely on the fact that potentially autoreactive but resting lymphocytes, which ‘escaped’ thymic negative selection, are present in the periphery of most individuals [13–16]. There are multiple ‘built-in’ safety mechanisms to prevent the activation of these cells under normal circumstances. However, an external inflammatory insult such as a viral infection leading to immune activation could disturb the carefully established equilibrium of self-tolerance [6, 17, 18]. Various virus-induced mechanisms that break ‘tolerance’ or ‘unresponsiveness’ to self are discussed in this chapter. However, direct evidence for viral infections causing autoimmune diseases has been difficult to obtain in humans. One reason is that humans are exposed to a multitude of infections during lifetime and therefore a direct causal association between a particular virus and a disease is hard to establish. The second reason is that viruses have the ability to mutate frequently and one strain can contain multiple different sequences (‘quasi-species’) that can differ in their diabetogenicity. Last, some viral infections disrupt autoimmune processes and provide, at least in experimental models, a cure from disease. Several animal models have been generated to create conditions under which viruses induce or dampen autoimmunity and to analyze the principles by which this can occur [19, 20]. These models serve as valuable tools for understanding","PeriodicalId":81058,"journal":{"name":"Current directions in autoimmunity","volume":"4 1","pages":"91-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000060534","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65042629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Elucidation of pathways leading to rheumatoid arthritis by genetic analysis of animal models. 通过动物模型的遗传分析阐明导致类风湿性关节炎的途径。

Current directions in autoimmunity Pub Date : 2001-07-01 DOI: 10.1159/000060519

R. Holmdahl, R. Bockermann, J. Jirholt, Å. Johansson, P. Olofsson, S. Lu

引用次数: 8

Susceptibility genes in rheumatoid arthritis. 类风湿关节炎的易感基因。

Current directions in autoimmunity Pub Date : 2001-07-01 DOI: 10.1159/000060511

F. Cornélis

引用次数: 7

Autoantibodies in human diabetes. 人类糖尿病的自身抗体。

Current directions in autoimmunity Pub Date : 2001-07-01 DOI: 10.1159/000060541

Massimo Pietropaolo, G. Eisenbarth

{"title":"Autoantibodies in human diabetes.","authors":"Massimo Pietropaolo, G. Eisenbarth","doi":"10.1159/000060541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000060541","url":null,"abstract":"A shared attribute of many autoimmune diseases is a humoral response directed against multiple target antigens [1, 2]. The immunological diagnosis of autoimmune diseases relies mainly on the detection of autoantibodies in the serum of patients [3]. Although their pathogenic significance is still unclear, they have the great advantage of serving as constitutive markers for specific autoimmune responses. They are also important tools for the molecular cloning, identification and characterization of novel autoantigens [4, 5]. Cloned autoantigens represent an unlimited source of reagents that can be used for experimental and diagnostic purposes. In addition to studying the immunological properties of autoantigens, these molecules can readily be utilized to optimize fluid-phase radioimmunoassays [6], which in turn have future diagnostic purposes [7, 8]. For some diseases, such as autoimmune diabetes, autoimmune connective tissue diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other chronic systemic autoimmune diseases, recombinant proteins can be utilized to devise some of the most sensitive and specific biochemical assays currently available for autoantibody detection [5, 9]. In the majority of chronic autoimmune disorders for which a diagnosis has been established, antibody laboratory testing is instrumental in decision-making for disease management based on the identification of disease activity. Autoantibodies are some of the most potent risk determinants for autoimmune diseases with relative risk exceeding 100 [10–12]. The quintessential model for the application of autoantibody markers in the prediction of a selective immune-mediated tissue damage is type 1 diabetes (T1D) and this concept","PeriodicalId":81058,"journal":{"name":"Current directions in autoimmunity","volume":"4 1","pages":"252-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000060541","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65043033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 66