Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners最新文献

{"title":"A statement of intent on the formation of the NCRP on cardiovascular and metabolic disease: a new initiative to fight heart disease, stroke, diabetes and obesity in South Africa.","authors":"B Mayosi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"18 1","pages":"4-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26630723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The William Nelson ECG Quiz.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"18 1","pages":"33, 40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26911101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular study--Heart of Soweto.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"18 1","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26631185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abbott launches special programme for babies at high risk for respiratory syncytial virus.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"18 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26631186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Availability of new therapy increases interest in lowering heart rate to improve cardiovascular disease outcomes.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"18 1","pages":"63-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26631189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoglycaemic and hypotensive effects of Globimetula cupulata (DC) Van Tieghem (Loranthaceae) aqueous leaf extract in rats.","authors":"J A O Ojewole,&nbsp;S O Adewole","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The leaves of some mistletoes, specifically Loranthus micranthus Linn, Tapinanthus dodoneifolius (DC) Danser and Globimetula cupulata (DC) Van Tieghem (family: Loranthaceae), are used traditionally in Nigerian folk medicine to manage, control and/or treat a plethora of human ailments, including diabetes mellitus and hypertension. In order to scientifically appraise some of the folkloric, ethnomedical uses of Globimetula species, the present study was undertaken to investigate the hypoglycaemic and hypotensive effects of Globimetula cupulata aqueous leaf extract (GCE, 50-800 mg/kg po) in rat experimental paradigms. The hypoglycaemic effect of the plant extract was examined in normal (normoglycaemic) and diabetic (hyperglycaemic) rats using a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes model. Normotensive Wistar and hypertensive Dahl salt-sensitive rats were used to investigate the hypotensive (antihypertensive) effect of the plant extract. Metformin (MFM, 500 mg/kg po) was used as the reference hypoglycaemic agent for comparison. Acute oral administrations of G cupulata aqueous leaf extract (GCE, 50-800 mg/kg po) caused dose-related, significant (p < 0.05-0.001) hypoglycaemia in normal and STZ-treated diabetic rats. Furthermore, acute intravenous administrations of GCE (50-800 mg/kg iv) produced dose-dependent, significant reductions (p < 0.05-0.001) in systemic arterial blood pressure and heart rates of the normotensive and hypertensive rats used. Although the exact hypoglycaemic and hypotensive mechanisms of action of the plant extract still remain speculative, it is unlikely that the extract induced hypotension in the mammalian experimental animal model via cholinergic mechanisms, since its cardiovascular effects were resistant to atropine pretreatment. However, the findings of this experimental study indicated that Globimetula cupulata aqueous leaf extract possesses hypoglycaemic and hypotensive properties. This therefore lends pharmacological support to the folkloric, ethnomedical uses of the plant in the management and/ or control of diabetes mellitus and hypertension among the Yoruba-speaking people of western Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"18 1","pages":"9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26630724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The management of tuberculous pericardial effusion: experience in 233 consecutive patients.","authors":"H Reuter,&nbsp;L J Burgess,&nbsp;V J Louw,&nbsp;A F Doubell","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>We report on the 30-day and one-year outcome of consecutive effusive pericarditis patients, including those with tuberculous pericarditis, over a six-year-period.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Patients with large pericardial effusions requiring pericardiocentesis were included in the study after having given written informed consent. Clinical and radiological evaluations were followed by echo-guided pericardiocentesis, and extended daily intermittent drainage via an indwelling pigtail catheter. A standard short-course anti-tuberculous regimen was initiated. A total of 233 patients was included. One hundred and sixty-two patients had pericardial tuberculosis (TB), including 118 (73%) with microbiological and/ or histological evidence of TB and 44 (27%) diagnosed on clinical and supportive laboratory data. Over the six-year period, two patients developed fibrous constrictive pericarditis after receiving adjuvant corticosteroid therapy. The 30-day mortality (8.0%) was statistically higher for HIV-positive patients (corresponding mortality 9.9%) than for HIV-negative patients (6.2%; p = 0.04). The one year all-cause mortality was 17.3%. It was also higher for HIV-positive (22.2%) than for IV-negative patients (12.3%; p = 0.03). Cardiac mortality was equal for HIV-positive and -negative patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tuberculous pericardial effusions responded well to closed pericardiocentesis and a six-month treatment of antituberculous chemotherapy. The former was effective and safe irrespective of HIV status.</p>","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"18 1","pages":"20-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26630726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The positive predictive value of myocardial perfusion imaging in screening patients for suspected coronary artery disease.","authors":"S Ellemdin,&nbsp;P Soma","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease, diagnosis and risk stratification can be aided by non-invasive tests for myocardial ischaemia. The main indications for the use of radionuclide perfusion imaging (sestamibi) rather than exercise electrocardiography include complete left bundle branch block, inconclusive stress electrocardiography and an inability to exercise. The published data on myocardial perfusion imaging is limited to eight studies of only 628 patients with widely varying ranges of sensitivities and specificities and the major problem being the bias created when patients with positive test results are referred far more frequently for coronary angiography than those with negative results. Furthermore, certain categories of patients are postulated to have a high number of false positives, especially obese patients and women, but this hypothesis has not been tested.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>A retrospective descriptional study on patients with positive sestamibi scans, who had coronary angiography within six months of each other, was performed. The study population consisted of 132 patients, 53.8% of whom were male and 44.7% had a body mass index of less than 28. The overall positive predictive value of the sestamibi scan in predicting significant coronary angiographic stenosis was 63.6%. This value increased significantly to 80.3% in males (p = 0.000). The positive predictive value did not differ in the different age categories, nor did it change with the different indications for sestamibi scanning.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The sestamibi scan remains a useful screening test for coronary artery disease in patients who are exercise intolerant or those with inconclusive stress electrocardiography. The test is highly predictive in males rather than females.</p>","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"18 1","pages":"36-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26631181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grapefruit-drug interactions.","authors":"John L Straughan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"18 1","pages":"39-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26631182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enteric-coated aspirin: review shows similar inhibition of platelet aggregation to ordinary dispersible aspirin.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"18 1","pages":"41, 43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26631183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}