Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners最新文献

{"title":"Left ventricular viability in a patient with heart failure due to left main stem stenosis, predicted by SPECT and gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance but not by dobutamine stress echocardiography.","authors":"J P Smedema,&nbsp;G Snoep,&nbsp;M Van Kroonenburgh,&nbsp;F Eerens","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 54-year-old woman with occlusive disease of the distal abdominal aorta was referred for pre-operative risk assessment, and was diagnosed with severe impairment of the left ventricular function due to left main stem coronary artery stenosis. Low-dose dobutamine stress echocardiography did not demonstrate contractile reserve, while gadoliniumenhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) suggested viability of the left ventricle. The patient underwent coronary bypass grafting, and had an uncomplicated post-operative course, with improvement of the left ventricular ejection fraction from the initial 20% to 44% after four months. The value of CMR in determining myocardial viability in left main stem stenosis has not previously been reported.</p>","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"17 1","pages":"24-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25914262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular function of African women with different BMIs and blood pressures: the POWIRS study.","authors":"R Schutte,&nbsp;H W Huisman,&nbsp;A E Schutte,&nbsp;N T Malan,&nbsp;C Underhay","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the cardiovascular profiles of a group of African women with different body mass indices and blood pressures.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study included a sample of 98 apparently healthy African women. The subjects were divided into three groups: lean normotensive (lean NT), overweight/obese normotensive (OW/OB NT), and overweight/obese hypertensive (OW/OB HT). The Finometer apparatus was used to obtain a more elaborate cardiovascular profile. The lipid profile and subcutaneous fat distributions were also determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A positive correlation between blood pressure and increased adiposity was obtained. Cardiac output (CO) was elevated in both OW/OB groups. Arterial compliance (CW) was significantly decreased and total peripheral resistance (TPR) significantly increased in the OW/OB HT group compared to the OW/OB NT group. In the total group, systolic and diastolic blood pressure could be explained best by the abdominal skinfold, which showed a direct positive association with TPR and a negative association with CW . In the OW/OB HT group, the increased TPR could best be explained by the abdominal skinfold.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the OW/OB HT group, an increase in CO and decrease in vascular function led to the hypertensivity of this group. This seems to be related to a truncal, especially abdominal subcutaneous fat distribution. The decreased vascular function was reaffirmed by the pulse pressure (PP) exceeding 63 mmHg, indicating that this group was at high risk for the development of further cardiovascular complications. Lack of significant differences between the OW/OB groups for the anthropometric and lipid profile variables and the difference in age may indicate that the younger OW/OB NT group was at high risk and should be followed up in ensuing years.</p>","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"17 1","pages":"12-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25914835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlates of serum lipids and lipoproteins in Congolese patients with arterial hypertension.","authors":"F B Lepira,&nbsp;J R M'Buyamba-Kabangu,&nbsp;K P Kayembe,&nbsp;M N Nseka","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of dyslipidaemia and the correlates of serum lipids and lipoproteins among Congolese subjects with and without arterial hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred hypertensive patients attending the outpatient clinics at the University of Kinshasa Hospital, and 100 age- and sex-matched controls recruited among hospital personnel or blood donors entered the case-control study. Their blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), plasma fibrinogen (only in patients) and fasting glucose, serum uric acid, creatinine and creatinine clearance (CrCl) were compared using the Student's t-test or Chi-square test as appropriate. Associations between continuous variables were assessed with Pearson correlation coefficients, and correlates of lipids and lipoproteins were determined using multiple linear-regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to healthy controls, hypertensive patients had greater BMI (p <or= 0.05) and WHR (p <or= 0.01), and higher levels of fasting plasma glucose (p <or= 0.05), serum uric acid (p <or= 0.05) and creatinine (p <or= 0.001). The average TC (4.96 +/- 1.18 mmol/l for controls vs 5.01 +/- 1.49 mmol/l for hypertensives), LDL-C (3.46 +/- 1.16 mmol/l vs 3.36 +/- 1.32 mmol/l) and HDL-C (1.19 +/- 0.39 mmol/l vs 1.27 +/- 0.39 mmol/l) were similar and within the normal ranges, whereas TG in hypertensives (1.03 +/- 0.66 mmol/l) were significantly higher (p <or= 0.05) than in controls (0.85 +/- 0.48 mmol/l). Dyslipidaemia was observed in 33 controls (33%) and 40 hypertensive patients (40%). Sixteen controls (16%) and 23 hypertensive patients (23%) had TC >or= 6.20 mmol/l. In hypertensive patients, TC (r = 0.24; p < 0.01) and LDL-C (r = 0.20; p < 0.05) were positively correlated to plasma fibrinogen. A positive correlation was also observed between TC and LDL-C (r = 0.91; p < 0.001), HDL-C and CrCl (r = 0.28; p < 0.001), and TG and glucose (r = 0.24; p < 0.01), whereas TG were negatively correlated to HDL-C (r = -0.38; p < 0.001). In multiple linear-regression analysis, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG and age accounted for 87% (R2) of variation in TC levels; plasma glucose and HDL-C for 19% (R2) of variation in TG levels; and TG and CrCl for only 17% (R2) of variation in HDL-C levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present data indicate that dyslipidaemia affects a substantial proportion of healthy and hypertensive Congolese subjects. Furthermore, hypertension is associated with a cluster of risk factors characteristic of the metabolic syndrome, of which overweight/central obesity could be the cornerstone. Management of arterial hypertension should therefore focus both on lowering high blood pressure and correcting associated lipid disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"16 5","pages":"249-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25704886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASCOT-BPLA signals changes to hypertension guidelines.","authors":"Brian Rayner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"16 5","pages":"244-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25717821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of resistance training on cardiorespiratory endurance and coronary artery disease risk.","authors":"B S Shaw,&nbsp;I Shaw","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronary artery disease (CAD) represents a major medical problem in Western society and is a considerable cause of morbidity and mortality in South Africa. In recent years, epidemiologists have made extensive efforts to define the most common risk factors for CAD and propose preventative measures to limit the spread of the disease. Despite the increasing realisation of the importance of resistance training, the literature has focused primarily on aerobic modes of exercise and their effects on risk for CAD. The aim of this study was to determine whether resistance training could alter cardio-respiratory endurance (VO2max), and thus reduce CAD risk. A quantitative, experimental, comparative research design incorporating a pre-test, a treatment period and a post-test was used. Twenty-eight untrained male volunteers were age matched (mean age: 28 years and seven months) and randomly assigned to either a nonexercising control group (n = 15) or a resistance-training group (n = 13). The study demonstrated no statistically significant change in VO2max for the control group from their pre-test (25.097 ml/kg/min) to their post-test (23.778 ml/kg/min) (p = 0.201). However, resistance training significantly (p <or= 0.01) increased the VO2max from 26.674 ml/kg/min to 30.981 ml/kg/min (p = 0.004). Additionally, the difference between the pre- and post-test of the control and training group, respectively, demonstrated that the control group's mean VO2max was significantly lower than that of the resistance-training group (p = 0.001). Although not all studies have demonstrated significant increases in VO2max following resistance training, the results of this study showed that eight weeks of resistance training were sufficient to result in a significant improvement in VO2max. This suggests that an exercise programme that includes resistance training results in a composite of physical and physiological improvements necessary to impact favourably on risk for CAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"16 5","pages":"256-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25704887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additional benefits of RAS blockade in the treatment of black hypertensives using valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide combination.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"16 5","pages":"285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25704893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opportunities to improve risk factor control in type 2 diabetes and reduce cardiovascular events.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"16 5","pages":"283-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25704894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two- and three-drug therapy with candesartan cilexetil (Atacand) successful in patients with severe hypertension.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"16 5","pages":"288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25704896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PREAMI: ACE inhibitor benefits elderly MI patients with normal ventricular function.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"16 5","pages":"290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25704899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Focus on improving lipid-lowering efficacy at ESC - Stockholm, September 2005.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80889,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular journal of South Africa : official journal for Southern Africa Cardiac Society [and] South African Society of Cardiac Practitioners","volume":"16 5","pages":"282-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25704891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}